1813
1813 is a
common year starting on Friday (link will take you to calendar).
March
*
March 17 - Through a newspaper, the
Prussian king Frederick William III of Prussia calls for resistance against the
Napoleonic occupationApril
*
April 27 -
War of 1812:
Battle of York -
United States troops raid, destroy, but do not hold the capital of
Ontario, York (present day
Toronto, Ontario).
May
*
May 2 -
Napoleon wins the
Battle of Lützen*
May 20-
May 21 -
Napoleon wins the
Battle of Bautzen*
May 27 -
War of 1812: In
Canada,
United States forces capture
Fort George.
June
*
June 6 -
War of 1812:
Battle of Stoney Creek - A
British force of 700 under
John Vincent defeat an
American force three times its size under
William Winder and
John Chandler.
*
June 21 -
Peninsular War:
Battle of Vitoria - A British, Spanish, and Portuguese force of 78,000 with 96 guns under
Wellington defeats a French force of 58,000 with 153 guns under
Joseph Bonaparte to end the Peninsular War.
July
*
July 5 - War of 1812: Three weeks of
British raids on
Fort Schlosser,
Black Rock and
Plattsburgh, New York begin.
August
*
August 19 -
Gervasio Antonio de Posadas joins Argentina's second triumvirate.
*
August 26-
August 27 -
Napoleon wins the
Battle of Dresden*
August 29-
August 30 -
Napoleon's troops defeated at
KulmSeptember
* September -
Robert Southey becomes Poet Laureate of Britain
*
September 10 -
War of 1812:
Oliver Hazard Perry defeats a British fleet in the
Battle of Lake ErieOctober
*
October 5 -
War of 1812:
William Henry Harrison defeats the British at the
Battle of the Thames, killing native leader
Tecumseh*
October 14 - After a ceremony in
Caracas,
Venezuela, the municipality gives
Simón Bolívar the title of
El Libertador.
*
October 16-
October 19 -
Napoleon is defeated at the
Battle of Leipzig*
October 24-
November 5 -
Persia and
Russia sign the
Gulistan Treaty of 1813 at the end of the first
Russo-Persian Wars (1804-1813) by which
Persia (
Iran) loses all its territories to the north of
Aras River to the Russians.
*
October 25 -
War of 1812:
Charles de Salaberry defeats an American invasion at the
Battle of ChateauguayNovember
*
November 11 -
War of 1812: the Americans are defeated at the
Battle of Crysler's Farm*
November 21 - An independent government is restored in the
Netherlands.
December
*
December 29 -
War of 1812:
British soldiers burn
Buffalo, New YorkUnknown dates
*
Russian troops reach and take
Berlin without a fight after the
French garrison evacuated the city.
*
Mathieu Orfila publishes his groundbreaking
Trait des poisons, formalizing the field of
toxicology.
*
George Hamilton-Gordon serves as ambassador extraordinaire in
Vienna.
* Following the death of his father
Wossen Seged,
Sahle Selassie arrives at the capital
Qundi before his other brothers, and is made Meridazmach of
Shewa.
* The
Philomathean Society of the
University of Pennsylvania is founded. It is the oldest continuously-existing literary society in the United States.
*
Napoleonic Wars (
1799-
1815)-
Peninsular War/
Sixth Coalition*
War of 1812 (
1812-
1815)
*
January 19 - Sir
Henry Bessemer, English inventor (d.
1898)
*
January 21 -
John C. Frémont, American soldier and explorer (d.
1890)
*
January 26 -
Juan Pablo Duarte, Founder of the Dominican Republic (d.
1876)
*
February 11 -
Otto Ludwig, German writer (d.
1865)
*
February 15 -
Frederick Holbrook, Vermont governor (d.
1909)
*
March 18 -
Christian Friedrich Hebbel, German poet and playwright (d.
1863)
*
March 19 -
David Livingstone, English missionary and explorer (d.
1873)
*
March 21 -
James Strang, Mormon splinter group leader (d.
1856)
*
March 27 -
Nathaniel Currier, American illustrator (d.
1888)
*
April 23 -
Stephen A. Douglas, U.S. Senator from Illinois and Presidential candidate (d.
1861)
*
May 5 -
Soren Kierkegaard, Danish philosopher (d.
1855)
*
May 21 -
Robert Murray M'Cheyne, Scottish clergyman (d.
1843)
*
May 22 -
Richard Wagner, German composer (d.
1883)
*
June 24 -
Henry Ward Beecher, American clergyman and reformer (d.
1887)
*
July 19 -
Samuel M. Kier, American industrialist (d.
1874)
*
October 10 -
Giuseppe Verdi, Italian composer (d.
1901)
*
October 17 -
Georg Büchner, German playwright (d.
1837)
*
December 13 -
David Spangler Kaufman, U.S. Congressman from Texas (d.
1851)
*
December 19 -
Thomas Andrews, Irish chemist (d.
1885)
*
Abbas I, Pasha of Egypt (d.
1854)
*
John Miley, American Methodist theologian (d.
1895)
*
January 6 -
Louis Baraguey d'Hilliers, French general (b.
1764)
*
January 20 -
Christoph Martin Wieland, German writer (b.
1733)
*
February 13 -
Samuel Ashe, Governor of North Carolina (b.
1725)
*
February 26 -
Robert Linvingston, American signer of the Declaration of Independence (b.
1746)
*
April 10 -
Joseph Louis Lagrange, Italian mathematician (b.
1746)
*
April 27 -
Zebulon Pike, American general (b.
1779)
*
April 28 -
Mikhail Illarionovich Kutuzov, Russian field marshal (b.
1745)
*
May 1 -
Jean-Baptiste Bessières, French marshal (killed in combat) (b.
1768)
*
May 23 -
Geraud Duroc, French general (mortally wounded in battle) (b.
1772)
*
June 6 -
Alexandre-Théodore Brongniart, French architect (b.
1739)
*
June 17 -
Charles Middleton, 1st Baron Barham, English sailor and politician (b.
1726)
*
June 28 -
Gerhard von Scharnhorst, Prussian general (b.
1755)
*
July 29 -
Jean-Andoche Junot, French general (suicide) (b.
1771)
*
August 11 -
Henry James Pye, English poet (b.
1745)
*
August 23 -
Alexander Wilson, Scottish-born ornithologist (b.
1766)
*
September 2 -
Jean Victor Marie Moreau, French general (mortally wounded in battle) (b.
1763)
*
October 5 -
Tecumseh, Shawnee leader
*
October 19 -
Józef Antoni Poniatowski, Polish prince and Marshal of France (friendly fire) (b.
1763)
*
November 12 -
Jean de Crévecoeur, French-American writer (b.
1735)
*
December 24 -
Empress Go-Sakuramachi of Japan (b.
1740)
*
Wossen Seged, Meridazmach of
Shewa (murdered)
