1816
1816 was a
leap year starting on Monday (see link for calendar).
*The feared
Chinese New Year of the
Fire Rat begins in January.
*Known as the "
Year Without A Summer" or "Eighteen-hundred-and-froze-to-death" in the northern hemisphere due to global cooling caused by the
Mount Tambora volcanic eruption that had occurred in
1815.
*
January 9 - Sir
Humphry Davy tested the
Davy lamp for Miners at
Hebburn Colliery.
*
February 12 - Fire nearly destroyed the city of
St. John's,
Newfoundland.
*
February 20 -
Gioachino Rossini's
The Barber of Seville debuts at
Teatro Argentina, with a
fiasco.
*
March 23 - Emancipation from
serfdom in
Estonia *
March 25 -
Friedrich Karl Ludwig, Duke of Schleswig-Holstein-Sonderburg-Beck dies and is succeeded by the later
Friedrich Wilhelm, Duke of Schleswig-Holstein-Sonderburg-Glücksburg, his son and founder of the
Schleswig-Holstein-Sonderburg-Glücksburg.
*
April 11 - In
Philadelphia, the
African Methodist Episcopal Church is established by
Richard Allen and other
African-American Methodists, the first such denomination completely independent of White churches.
*
May 2 -
Leopold of Saxe-Coburg, later King of the Belgians, marries
Charlotte Augusta, but she dies the next year.
*
June 19 -
Battle of Seven Oaks between Hudson Bay and Northwest fur-trading companies, near
Winnipeg,
Manitoba,
Canada*
July 9 -
Argentina gains independence from
Spain*
July 17 - The
French passenger ship
Medusa runs aground off the coast of
Senegal, with 140 lives lost in the botched rescue that takes weeks, leading to a scandal in the French government.
*
August 24 - The
Treaty with the Ottawa, etc. is signed in
St. Louis,
Missouri.
*November -
James Monroe defeats
Rufus King in
U.S. presidential election*
December 11 -
Indiana is admitted as the 19th
U.S. state.
Unknown dates
*
Tsultrim Gyatso becomes the 10th
Dalai Lama.
*The British found
Banjul, The Gambia.
*A British expedition explores up from the mouth of the
Congo River.
*The
Battle of Seven Oaks is fought in the
Red River Colony of
Canada.
*In
France,
René Laennec (1781-1826) invents the
stethoscope.
*First known cultivation of the
cranberry.
*
Francis Ellis first describes the
Dravidian languages.
*The
Second Bank of the United States is founded.
*
E. Remington and Sons is founded.
*
Buffalo, New York is incorporated.
*
African Methodist Episcopal Church is founded in
Philadelphia.
*
Beau Brummell flees England to escape gambling debts.
*Large-scale slave insurrection in
Barbados - one white and 176 slaves killed and 214 executed afterwards
*
Divorce annulled in France
*The
Senate of Finland is established
*
Aleksandrów Łódzki founded by Rafał Bratoszewski
*
April 21 -
Charlotte Brontë, British novelist (d.
1855)
*
April 22 -
Charles Denis Bourbaki, French general (d.
1897)
*
April 25 -
Eliza Daniel Stewart, American
temperance movement leader (d. ?)
*
May 24 -
Emanuel Leutze, American painter (d.
1868)
*
June 19 -
William Henry Webb, American industrialist and philanthropist (d.
1899)
*
July 4 -
Arthur de Gobineau, French diplomat and author (d.
1882)
*
July 23 -
Charlotte Cushman, American stage actress (d.
1876)
*
July 31 -
George Henry Thomas, American general (d.
1870)
*
August 4 -
William Julian Albert, U.S. Congressman (d.
1879)
*
November 17 -
August Wilhelm Ambros, Austrian composer (d.
1876)
*
December 8 -
August Belmont, Sr., Prussian-born financier (d.
1890)
*
December 13 -
Werner von Siemens, German inventor and industrialist (d.
1892)
*
William Marsh Rice, American university founder (d.
1900)
*
Charles John Vaughan, English scholar (d.
1897)
*
Francis Dutton,
Premier of South Australia (d.
1877)
*
January 27 -
Samuel Hood, 1st Viscount Hood, British admiral (b.
1724)
*
February 6 -
Maria Ludwika Rzewuska, Polish szlachcianka (b.
1744)
*
February 22 -
Adam Ferguson, Scottish philosopher and historian (b.
1723)
*
March 20 - Queen
Maria I of Portugal (b.
1734)
*
June 5 -
Giovanni Paisiello, Italian composer (b.
1751)
*
June 12 -
Pierre François Charles Augereau, duc de Castiglione, French marshal (b.
1757)
*
July 5 -
Dorothy Jordan, Irish actress, mistress of King
William IV of the United Kingdom (b.
1761)
*
July 7 -
Richard Brinsley Sheridan, Irish playwright (b.
1751)
*
November 8 -
Gouverneur Morris, American statesman (b.
1752)
*
December 15 -
Charles Stanhope, 3rd Earl Stanhope, English statesman and scientist (b.
1753)
