Abkhaz alphabet
The
Abkhaz alphabet is an
alphabet for the
Abkhaz language.
The first specialized Abkhaz alphabet was created in 1862 by the
Russian general
Peter von Uslar. It had 37 characters and was based on the
Cyrillic script. In 1909 it was expanded to 55 characters by
Aleksey Chochua.
The Abkhaz was not
written language until the 19th century. Abkhazians, especially princes, had been using the
Georgian language and
alphabet for issuing official documents. In 1926, during the
korenizatsiya policy in the
Soviet Union, this alphabet was replaced by a new, 77-character, one, devised by
Nikolay Marr basing on
Latin letters and called "Abkhaz analytical alphabet". In 1928 it ws replaced by another Latin-based one. From 1938 to 1954 the Abkhaz language was written in the
Georgian alphabet. From 1954 to the present, Abkhaz language is written in the Cyrillic-based script, extended to adjust to the extensive
consonant system of the Abkhaz language. . Abkhazians use the word
анбан (anban) for alphabet, taken from the Georgian
ანბანი (anbani).
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