August 3
is the 215th day of the year in the
Gregorian Calendar (216th in
leap years), with 150 days remaining.
*
8 -
Roman general Tiberius defeats
Dalmatians on the river
Bathinus.
*
435 - Deposed
Patriarch of Constantinople Nestorius, considered the originator of the
Christological "
heresy" (at the time) known as
Nestorianism, was exiled by
Byzantine Emperor Theodosius II to a
monastery in
Egypt.
*
881 -
Battle of Saucourt-en-Vimeu, where
Louis III of France defeated the
Vikings, an event celebrated in the poem
Ludwigslied*
1492 -
Christopher Columbus sets sail from
Palos de la Frontera,
Spain.
*1492 - The
Jews of
Spain are expelled by the
Catholic Monarchs.
*
1527 - First known letter was sent from
North America by
John Rut while at
St. John's,
Newfoundland.
*
1635 - The third of the
Tokugawa shoguns,
Iemitsu, establishes the system of alternate attendance (
sankin kotai) by which the feudal
daimyō are required to spend one year at
Edo Castle in
Tokyo and one year back home at their feudal manor, while their families remained in
Tokyo as virtual political hostages. (Traditional
Japanese Date:
June 21,
1635).
*
1645 -
Thirty Years' War:
Second Battle of Nördlingen (Battle of Allerheim) - A French army under the command of
Louis de Bourbon, Duc d'Enghien and
Marshal Henri, Vicomte de Turenne attacks and defeats an
Imperial army, led by
Field Marshal Franz, Freiherr von Mercy at
Alerheim, near
Nördlingen,
Germany.
*
1678 -
Robert LaSalle builds the
Le Griffon, the first known ship built in
America.
*
1783 -
Mount Asama erupts in
Japan, killing 35,000 people.
*
1860 - The
Second Maori War begins in
New Zealand.
*
1900 -
Firestone Tire & Rubber Company founded.
*
1914 -
World War I:
Germany declares war against
France.
*
1916 -
World War I:
Battle of Romani - Allied forces, under the command of
Archibald Murray, defeat an attacking
Ottoman army, under the command of
Kress von Kressenstein, securing the
Suez Canal, and beginning the Ottoman retreat from the Sinai.
*
1923 - The deceased
Warren G. Harding succeeded by
Vice President Calvin Coolidge as the 30th
President of the United States.
*
1934 -
Adolf Hitler becomes the supreme leader of
Germany by joining the offices of
President and
Chancellor into
Führer.
*
1936 -
Jesse Owens wins the 100 meter dash by defeating Ralph Metcalfe at Berlin Olympics.
*
1940 -
World War II:
Italy invades
British Somaliland.
*
1946 -
National Basketball Association is founded in the
United States.
*
1948 -
Whittaker Chambers accuses
Alger Hiss of being a
communist and a
spy for the
Soviet Union.
*
1958 - The
nuclear submarine USS Nautilus travels beneath the
Arctic ice cap.
*
1960 -
Niger gains independence from
France.
*
1972 -
U.S. Senate ratifies the
Anti-Ballistic Missile Treaty.
*
1975 - A privately chartered
Boeing 707 impacts the mountainside near
Agadir,
Morocco killing 188.
*
1977 -
United States Senate Hearing on
MKULTRA.
*
1981 - In the
United States,
Air traffic controller affiliated with the
Professional Air Traffic Controllers Organization walk off the job.
President Ronald Reagan ultimately responded by firing the 11,359 striking controllers who had ignored his order to return to work, and permanently banned them from federal service.
*1981 -
Senegalese opposition parties, under the leadership of
Mamadou Dia, launches the
Antiimperialist Action Front-Suxxali Reew Mi.
*
1996 -
General William F. Garrison accepted responsibility for the outcome of the
1993 raid in
Somalia, and he retired from military service.
*
1997 -
Oued El-Had and Mezouara massacre in
Algeria; 40-76 villagers killed.
*
2004 - The pedestal of the
Statue of Liberty reopens after being closed since the
September 11, 2001 attacks.
*
2005 -
President Maaouya Ould Sid'Ahmed Taya of
Mauritania is overthrown in a
military coup while attending the
funeral of
King Fahd in
Saudi Arabia.
*
1509 -
Étienne Dolet, French scholar (d.
1546)
*
1604 -
John Eliot, English missionary (d.
1690)
*
1692 -
John Henley, English clergyman (d.
1759)
*
1770 - King
Friedrich Wilhelm III of Prussia (d.
1840)
*
1801 -
Joseph Paxton, English gardener (d.
1865)
*
1808 -
Hamilton Fish, American politician (d.
1893)
*
1811 -
Elisha Graves Otis, American inventor (d.
1861)
*
1817 -
Archduke Albert, Austrian general (d.
1895)
*
1832 -
Ivan Zajc, Croatian composer (d.
1914)
*
1856 -
Alfred Deakin, 2nd
Prime Minister of Australia (d.
1919)
*
1860 -
W.K. Dickson, Scottish inventor (d.
1935)
*
1867 -
Stanley Baldwin,
Prime Minister of the United Kingdom (d.
1947)
*
1872 - King
Haakon VII of Norway (d.
1957)
*
1887 -
Rupert Brooke, English poet (d.
1915)
*
1894 -
Harry Heilmann, baseball player (d.
1951)
*
1899 -
Louis Chiron, Monaco race car driver (d.
1979)
*
1900 -
Ernie Pyle, American war correspondent (d.
1945)
* 1900 -
John T. Scopes, American defendant (d.
1970)
*
1901 -
Stefan Cardinal Wyszyński, Polish Catholic prelate (d.
1981)
*
1903 -
Habib Bourguiba, Tunisian Politician (d.
2000)
*
1904 -
Clifford D. Simak, American author (d.
1988)
*
1905 -
Dolores del Rio, Mexican-born actress (d.
1983)
* 1905 -
Franz Cardinal König, Austrian Catholic archbishop (d.
2004)
*
1916 -
José Manuel Moreno, Argentine footballer (d.
1978)
*
1918 -
Sidney Gottlieb, American CIA official (d.
1999)
*
1920 -
P.D. James, English novelist
*
1923 -
Shenouda III of Alexandria, Pope of the
Coptic Orthodox Church*
1924 -
Leon Uris, American novelist (d.
2003)
*
1925 -
Marv Levy, American football coach
*
1926 -
Tony Bennett, American singer
* 1926 -
Anthony Sampson, British journalist (d.
2004)
*
1927 -
Gordon Scott, American actor
*
1934 -
Haystacks Calhoun, wrestler (d.
1989)
*
1935 -
Georgi Shonin, cosmonaut (d.
1997)
*
1936 -
Edward Petherbridge, English actor
*
1937 -
Steven Berkoff, British actor
* 1937 -
Diane Wakoski, American poet
*
1938 -
Terry Wogan, Irish television presenter
*
1939 -
Jimmy Nicol, British musican
*
1940 -
Lance Alworth, American football player
* 1940 -
Martin Sheen, American actor
*
1941 -
Beverly Lee, American singer (
Shirelles)
* 1941 -
Martha Stewart, American media personality
*
1946 -
Jack Straw, British politician
*
1948 -
Jean-Pierre Raffarin, Prime Minister of France
*
1950 -
John Landis, American film director
*
1951 -
Marcel Dionne, Canadian hockey player
* 1951 -
Jay North, American actor
*
1952 -
Osvaldo Ardiles, Argentine footballer
*
1957 -
Mani Shankar, Indian film maker
*
1959 -
Martin Atkins, English drummer
* 1959 -
Koichi Tanaka, Japanese scientist,
Nobel laureate*
1961 -
Lee Rocker, American musician (
Stray Cats)
*
1963 -
James Hetfield, American musician (
Metallica)
* 1963 -
Ed Roland, American musician (
Collective Soul)
*
1964 -
Lucky Dube, South African reggae musician
*
1970 -
Gina G, British singer
*
1971 -
DJ Spinderella, American rapper (
Salt-N-Pepa)
*
1972 -
Sandis Ozolinsh, Latvian hockey player
*
1976 -
Troy Glaus, American baseball player
*
1977 -
Tom Brady, American football player
*
1978 -
Mariusz Jop, Polish football player
*
1979 -
Evangeline Lilly, Canadian fashion model/ actress
*
1986 -
Charlotte Casiraghi, heir to the Monaco throne
*
1181 -
Pope Alexander III (b.
1105?)
*
1460 - King
James II of Scotland (b.
1430)
*
1546 -
Antonio da Sangallo the Younger, Italian architect (b.
1484)
* 1546 -
Étienne Dolet, French scholar and printer (b.
1509)
*
1604 -
Bernardino de Mendoza, Spanish military commander
*
1621 -
Guillaume du Vair, French writer (b.
1556)
*
1667 -
Francesco Borromini, Swiss sculptor and architect (b.
1599)
*
1712 -
Joshua Barnes, English scholar (b.
1654)
*
1720 -
Anthonie Heinsius, Dutch statesman (b.
1641)
*
1721 -
Grinling Gibbons, Dutch-born woodcarver (b.
1648)
*
1761 -
Johann Matthias Gesner, German classical scholar (b.
1691)
*
1773 -
Stanisław Konarski, Polish writer (b.
1700)
*
1780 -
Étienne Bonnot de Condillac, French philosopher (b.
1715)
*
1792 -
Richard Arkwright, English industrialist and inventor (b.
1732)
*
1797 -
Jeffrey Amherst, British military commander (b.
1717)
*
1805 -
Christopher Anstey, English writer (b.
1724)
*
1857 -
Eugène Sue, French novelist (b.
1804)
*
1867 -
Philipp August Böckh, German scholar and antiquarian (b.
1785)
*
1877 -
William Butler Ogden, American politician, 1st
Mayor of Chicago (b.
1805)
*
1879 -
Joseph Severn, English painter (b.
1793)
*
1916 - Sir
Roger Casement, Irish rebel (hanged) (b.
1864)
*
1924 -
Joseph Conrad, Polish-born writer (b.
1857)
*
1929 -
Emil Berliner, German-born telephone and recording pioneer (b.
1851)
* 1929 -
Thorstein Veblen, American economist (b.
1857)
*
1942 -
Richard Willstätter, German chemist,
Nobel Prize Laureate (b.
1872)
*
1954 -
Colette, French writer (b.
1873)
*
1964 -
Flannery O'Connor, American writer (b.
1925)
*
1966 -
Lenny Bruce, American comedian (b.
1925)
*
1973 -
Richard Marshall, U.S. Army general (b.
1895)
*
1977 -
Alfred Lunt, American actor (b.
1892)
* 1977 -
Makarios III,
Archbishop and first
President of Cyprus (b.
1913)
*
1979 -
Bertil Ohlin, Swedish economist,
Nobel Prize Laureate (b.
1899)
*
1983 -
Carolyn Jones, American actress (b.
1930)
*
1993 - Swami
Chinmayananda, spread the teachings of
Vedanta (b.
1916)
*
1995 -
Ida Lupino, English actress and director (b.
1914)
* 1995 -
Edward Whittemore, American writer (b.
1933)
*
1998 -
Alfred Schnittke, Russian composer (b.
1934)
*
2001 -
Christopher Hewett, British actor (b.
1922)
*
2002 -
Carmen Silvera, British actress (b.
1922)
*
2003 -
Roger Voudouris, American singer and songwriter (b.
1954)
*
2004 -
Henri Cartier-Bresson, French photographer (b.
1908)
*
2005 -
Françoise d'Eaubonne, French feminist (b.
1920)
* 2005 -
Steven Vincent, American journalist (b.
1955)
*
2006 -
Arthur Lee, American psychedelic rock musician (b.
1945)
* 2006 -
Elisabeth Schwarzkopf, German opera singer (b.
1915)
*
Roman Catholicism - the feasts of at least 3 saints:
**St.
Gamaliel**St.
Nicodemus**St.
Walthen*
Equatorial Guinea -
Armed Forces Day.
*
Niger -
Independence Day.
*
Jewish day of mourning known as
Tisha B'Av. The day of the destruction of the first and second temples in Jerusalem.
*
BBC: On This Day*
The New York Times: On This DayAugust 2 -
August 4 -
July 3 -
September 3 --
listing of all days
