Bible translations

The Bible has been translated into many languages. The Tanakh (identical to the Protestant Old Testament) was originally written in Hebrew, with the exception of some passages of Daniel, Ezra, and Jeremiah which are in Aramaic. The New Testament is widely agreed to have originally been written in Greek, although some scholars hypothesize that certain books (whether completely or partially) may have been written in Aramaic before being translated for widespread dissemination. One very famous example of this is the the opening to the Gospel of John, which is argued to be, perhaps, a Greek translation of an Aramaic hymn.

Approaches

A variety of approaches to translation have been used, including:
* Dynamic equivalence translation
* Formal equivalence translation (similar to literal translation)
* Meaning-Based translation
* Mother tongue translator
* Idiomatic, or Paraphrastic translation, as used by late Kenneth Livingston
* Paraphrase

A great deal of debate occurs over which approach most accurately communicates the message of the biblical languages source texts into target languages. Despite these debates, however, many who study the Bible intellectually or devotionally find that selecting more than one translation approach is useful in interpreting and applying what they read. For example, a very literal translation may be useful for individual word or topical study, while a paraphrase may be employed for grasping initial meaning of a passage.

History

Antiquity

Some of the first translations of the Jewish Torah began during the first exile in Babylonia, when Aramaic became the lingua franca of the Jews. With most people speaking only Aramaic and not understanding Hebrew, the Targums were created to allow the common person to understand the Torah as it was read in ancient synagogues. The most well-known movement to translate books of the Bible appeared in the 3rd century BC. Most of the Tanakh then existed in Hebrew, but many had gathered in Egypt, where Alexander the Great had founded the city that bears his name. At one time a third of the population of the city was Jewish. However, no major Greek translation was sought (as most Jews continued to speak Aramaic to each other) until Ptolemy II Philadelphus hired a large group of Jews (between 15 and 70 according to different sources) who had a fluent capability in both Koine Greek and Hebrew. These people produced the translation now known as the Septuagint.

Origen's Hexapla placed side by side six versions of the Old Testament, including the 2nd century Greek translations of Aquila of Sinope and Symmachus the Ebionite. The canonical Christian Bible was compiled in AD 325 at the Council of Nicaea, and Jerome's Vulgate Latin translation dates to between AD 382 and 420. Latin translations predating Jerome are collectively known as Vetus Latina texts. Jerome began by revising the earlier Latin translations, but ended by going back to the original Greek, bypassing all translations, and going back to the original Hebrew wherever he could instead of the Septuagint. The New Testament was translated into Gothic in the 4th century by Ulfilas. In the 5th century, Saint Mesrob translated the bible into Armenian. Also to dating the same period are the Syriac, Coptic, Ethiopic and Georgian translations.

Middle Ages

During the Middle Ages, translation particularly of the Old Testament was discouraged. Nevertheless, there are some fragmentary Old English Bible translations, notably a lost translation of the Gospel of John into Old English by the Venerable Bede, which he is said to have prepared shortly before his death around the year 735. An Old High German version of the gospel of Matthew dates to 748. Charlemagne in ca. 800 charged Alcuin with a revision of the Latin Vulgate. The translation into Old Church Slavonic dates to the late 9th century.

Alfred the Great had a number of passages of the Bible circulated in the vernacular in around 900. These included passages from the Ten Commandments and the Pentateuch, which he prefixed to a code of laws he promulgated around this time. In approximately 990, a full and freestanding version of the four Gospels in idiomatic Old English appeared, in the West Saxon dialect; these are known as the Wessex Gospels.

Pope Innocent III in 1199 banned private readings of the Bible as a reaction to the Cathar and Waldensian heresies. The synods of Toulouse and Tarragona (1234) outlawed possession of Bible translations.

The most notable Middle English Bible translation, Wyclif's Bible (1383), based on the Vulgate, was banned by the Oxford Synod in 1408. A Hungarian Hussite Bible appeared in the mid 15th century, and in 1478, a Spanish translation in the dialect of Valencia.

Reformation and Early Modern period

Tyndale's Bible (1526) met with heavy sanctions, and William Tyndale was jailed in 1535 for translating the Old Testament. The Froschauer Bible of 1531 and the Luther Bible of 1534 (both appearing in portions throughout the 1520s) were an important part of the Reformation. The 1530 Catholic translation of Jacques Lefèvre d'Étaples even predates the completion of these Protestant translations.

The missionary activity of the Jesuit order led to a large number of 17th century translation into languages of the New World.

See also: Early Modern English Bible translations

Modern translation efforts

The Bible continues to be the most translated book in the world. The following numbers are approximations. As of 2005, at least one book of the bible has been translated into 2,400 of the 6,900 languages listed by SIL, including 680 languages in Africa, followed by 590 in Asia, 420 in Oceania, 420 in Latin America and the Caribbean, 210 in Europe, and 75 in North America. The United Bible Societies are presently assisting in over 600 Bible translation projects. The Bible is available in whole or in part to some 98 percent of the world's population in a language in which they are fluent.

National Missionary Movement

While Wycliffe and SIL continue their translation work around the globe, a new paradigm in both Bible translation and missions has been growing in acceptance. Many are now seeing the importance and necessity of training and supporting national missionaries to work among their own people and cultures. There are many reasons why this model is preferred to older missions models:
* National Missionaries are already living with or near the people they hope to reach.
* National Missionaries already know the customs of the people.
* National Missionaries cost a fraction of what it costs to transport and maintain western missionaries in the field.
* National Missionaries cannot be kicked out of their countries in times of war or unrest because they are citizens.

A few organizations that support National Missions and Bible Translation:Gospel for AsiaWorld Mission InternationalThe Seed Company

List of translations

This list gives information about Bible translations in various languages, in alphabetical order by language. At the end of some of the sections you will find tables comparing the same verses in various translations.

Afrikaans

The Bible was translated into Afrikaans in 1933, revised in 1953 by the Bybelgenootskap van Suid Afrika, a South African bible society.

Gen 1:1-3 in Afrikaans

Afrikaans translation	Gen. 1:1-3
Old Testament	In die begin het God die hemel en die aarde geskape. En die aarde was woes en leeg, en duisternis was op die wêreldvloed, en die Gees van God het gesweef op die waters. En God het gesê: Laat daar lig wees! En daar was lig.

hebrew

the hebrew is the lenguge the first that used in pact the new moo deduct.undoubtedly that hebrew is the language top accurate to the narrative the deduct and the new testament.

Catalan

Middle Ages to the XIXth century

The first translation of the whole Bible into Catalan was produced between 1287 and 1290. It was entrusted to Jaume de Montjuich by Alfons II of Aragon. Remains of this version can be found in Paris (Bibliothèque Nationale). Also, in the same French library, we can find another translation into Catalan, which Jaume II of Aragon received on November 23rd, 1319.

In the early fifteenth century appeared another whole Bible translation by Bonifaci Ferrer. In 1490 a psalter by Joan Roís de Corella came to light in Venice. The Catalan Bible by Bonifaci Ferrer was printed before any Bible was printed in English or Spanish, in 1478.

The prohibition, in Spain and other Catholic countries, of vernacular translations, along with the decadence of the Catalan language until its renaissance in the nineteenth century, explain why there were no translations into Catalan from the sixteenth to the nineteenth century.

In 1832 a Catalan exiled in London, J.M. Prat Colom, sponsored by the British and Foreign Bible Society, translated the New Testament (Lo Nou Testament de nostre Senyor Jesu-Christ), which was published afterwards in Barcelona (1836) and Madrid (1888).XXth century and forward

In the twentieth century many new translations flourished, both Catholic and Protestant.

Catholic Translations
*1948 Bíblia de Cambó, by Fundació Bíblica Catalana, started in 1927.
*1968 Bíblia de Cambó, 2nd Edition.
*1970 Bíblia dels Monjos de Montserrat, by the Monks of Montserrat.

Protestant Translations
*1988 Nou Testament, New Testament by Institució Bíblica Evangèlica de Catalunya, with the help of the International Bible Society.
*2000 Bíblia Evangèlica Catalana (aka La Bíblia del 2000), by Institució Bíblica Evangèlica de Catalunya. Translators: Pau Sais and Samuel Sais. BEC

An Ecumenical Translation
Something very unusual happened with this translation: Catholic and Protestant translators worked together and produced a Bible. Nevertheless, there are two editions: a Catholic edition with the deuterocanonical books (Apocrypha for the Protestant) and a Protestant edition, without the aforementioned books.
*1993 Bíblia Catalana Interconfessional , by Associació Bíblica de Catalunya, Editorial Claret and Societats Bíbliques Unides. BCI

in english	in hebrew (בעברית)
josef	יוסף

Catalan Translation	Biblical Text in Catalan
Gen 1:1-3 (BCI)	Al principi, Déu va crear el cel i la terra. La terra era caòtica i desolada, les tenebres cobrien la superfície de l'oceà, i l'Esperit de Déu planava sobre les aigües. Déu digué: -Que existeixi la llum. I la llum va existir.
Gen 1:1-3 (BEC)	En el principi, Déu va crear el cel i la terra. La terra era caòtica i desolada, les te­nebres cobrien la superfície de l'abis­me i l'esperit de Déu planava per da­munt les aigües. I Déu digué: "Que hi hagi llum"; i hi hagué llum.
John 3:16 (BCI)	Déu ha estimat tant el món que ha donat el seu Fill únic perquè no es perdi cap dels qui creuen en ell, sinó que tinguin vida eterna.
John 3:16 (BEC)	Ja que Déu ha estimat tant el món, que ha donat el seu Fill únic perquè tot el qui creu en ell no es perdi, sinó que tingui vida eterna.

Chinese

The first Chinese Catholic Bible translation was started by a young Franciscan friar named Gabriele Allegra, he began translating the Old Testament from the original Hebrew and Aramaic languages in 1935. 10 years later he recruited Frs Solanus Lee OFM, Antonius Lee OFM, Frs Bernardinus Lee OFM and Ludovicus Liu OFM in Beijing. However due to the Chinese civil war in 1948, the friars were forced to move the Studium Biblicum in Hong Kong. After 20 years efforts, the first Old Testament was published in 1954. In 1968 the New and Old Testaments were published in a single volume.
* 遺�"全書, 1822
* 神天聖書, 1823-1824
* Studium Biblicum Version (思高譯本), 1935-1968
* Chinese Union Version (�'�合本), 1904-1919
* Lu Zhen Zhong's translation (呂振中譯本), 1970
* Dangdai Shenjing (當代聖�"), 1974
* Today's Chinese Version (現代中文譯本), 1979
* New Chinese Version (聖�"新譯本), 1993
* 聖�"新世界譯本(漢語版), 2001
* Recovery Version (聖�"恢復本), 2003

External links
*Studium Biblicum Franciscanum
*Chinese Catholic Bible Wiki

Croatian

The first complete translation was Jesuit Kasić's manuscript. The work was done from 1622 to 1637, but remained unpublished until 2000. It was in 1831 that the first published Croatian Bible appeared, translated by a Franciscan Matija Petar Katančić. After a few other versions, the most widely accepted and praised is modern language translation from 1968, the so called "Zagreb Bible", which is partially based on the Jerusalem Bible.

External links
*Hrvatska Biblija on-line: Bible in Croatian-full text - translation: "Zagreb"
*Hrvatska Biblija - web download: Bible in Croatian-full text - translation: Dr Ivan Saric 1942.

Czech

The first translation of the whole Bible into Czech, based on the Latin Vulgate, was done in 1360. The Bible is called the "Bible of Dresden". This manuscript was lost during World War I. Many other translations followed this Bible of Dresden, and from the linguistic point of view they can be divided in four different redactions. The last one was finally printed.

The first printed Czech New Testament is the "New Testament of Dlabač", printed in 1487. The first printed complete Bible is the "Bible of Prague" from 1488. Another Czech Bible printed before the year 1501 is the "Bible of Kutná Hora" (printed in 1489).

All these texts were translated from the Vulgate.

The first translation from the original languages into Czech language was the Bible of Kralice, first published in years 1579 – 1593. The translation was done by the Unity of the Brethren. The third edition from 1613 is considered classical and is one of the most used Czech Bible translations.

Dutch

The first translation into Dutch directly from Greek and Hebrew sources was the Statenvertaling. It was ordered by the States-General at the Synod of Dordrecht in 1618/19, and first published in 1637. It soon became the generally accepted translation for Reformed churches in the Netherlands and remained so well into the 20th century. It was supplanted to a large extent in 1951 by the NBG (Nederlands Bijbelgenootschap) translation, which still uses relatively old-fashioned language.

Modern language translations are Groot Nieuws Bijbel, Het Boek, the Roman Catholic Willibrordvertaling. In 2004, the NBV (Nieuwe Bijbelvertaling) translation appeared, which was produced by an ecumenical translation team, and is intended as an all-purpose translation for pulpit and home use; however, there has been much criticism on its accuracy.

Around the same time, there has also been much work on very literal, idiolect translations, such as the Naarden translation of 2004, Albert Koster's translation of the Old Testament, a work in progress since 1991, and the Torah translation of the Societas Hebraica Amstelodamensis.

External link
* Statenvertaling: full text, including the Apocrypha. 1977 edition.

English

Main article(s): English translations of the Bible

Esperanto

The initiator of Esperanto, L. L. Zamenhof translated the entire Old Testament into Esperanto. A monograph by D. B. Gregor, La Esperanta traduko de la Malnova Testamento, compares Zamenhof's translation in some detail with a wide variety of major versions in other languages. A committee, consisting primarily of British clergy and scholars, was formed to translate the New Testament and review Zamenhof's translation for eventual publication by the British and Foreign Bible Society. The New Testament was published in 1910. A translation of the entire Bible, often referred to in Esperanto as the "Londona Biblio", was published in 1926. The most recent printing of the "Londona Biblio", issued in 2003, includes the Berveling translation of the Roman Catholic Deuterocanonical Books (see next paragraph).

An Esperanto organization devoted to Biblical and Oriental Studies, the Internacia Asocio de Bibliistoj kaj Orientalistoj, beginning in the 1960s, attempted to organize the translation of a new, ecumenical Esperanto Bible version, but this project eventually lapsed, with only Gerrit Berveling's translation of Numbers (Nombroj, 1999) published. Dr. Berveling (a Dutch Free Church theologian and classical linguist) has, however, translated most of a new version of the New Testament, eschewing the syntactically overliteral tendencies of the B&FBS version, which is perhaps most akin among English versions to the Revised Version of 1881. His gospels have been published as La bona mesaĝo de Jesuo: laŭ X [X = Mateo, Marko, Luko, Johano, all 1992], and the first volume of his projected New Testament has appeared as Leteroj de Paŭlo kaj lia skolo (2004). He has also published a three-volume edition of the Deuterocanonical Books (La duakanonaj libroj), the first two of which (those included in the Roman Catholic Canon) are incorporated in the latest printing of the Londona Biblio.

There have also been other translations of specific books of the Bible and of shorter portions.

The Bible in Esperanto

Brita kaj Alilanda Biblia Societo
Genezo 1:1-3	En la komenco kreis Dio la ĉielon kaj la teron. Kaj la tero estis senforma kaj dezerta, kaj mallumo estis super la abismo; kaj la spirito de Dio ŝvebis super la akvo. Kaj Dio diris: Estu lumo; kaj fariĝis lumo.
Johano 3:16	Ĉar Dio tiel amis la mondon, ke Li donis Sian solenaskitan Filon, por ke ĉiu, kiu fidas al li, ne pereu, sed havu eternan vivon.

External link
*Online text of La Sankta Biblio ("Londona" text)

Finnish

The first Finnish translation of the New Testament was Mikael Agricola's Se Wsi Testamenti Somexi (The New Testament in Finnish), which was translated from Greek originals into Finnish 1548. Agricola is today considered the father of the Finnish written language.

The first translation of the whole Bible was the so-called Vanha kirkkoraamattu (Old Church Bible), titled Biblia, Se on: Coco Pyhä Ramattu Suomexi. This edition was translated by committee led by Bishop Erik Rothovius 1638-1641, and published 1642. It was revised 1683-1685 (Florinus).

As the Finnish written and spoken language evolved during the centuries and literacy became commonplace also amongst the laypeople, need for a new edition arose. The so-called Biiblia or Vuoden 1776 raamattu (Year 1776 Bible) was published in 1776. It was the first edition meant not only to ecclestical but also to domestic use, and first written in Modern Finnish. It was revised 1859. The 1776 Bible is the version in use by certain sects even today.

Again a new translation was needed in the early 20th century, and a committee for translation was set 1911. It had its work ready 1933. Full edition of Bible was published in 1938. This edition is often referred as Vuoden 1938 kirkkoraamattu (year 1938 Church Bible). It was translated by the Finnish Lutheran Church, and intended to Lutheran use. As the translationary principle was "one source language word - one Finnish word", its text is very archaizing, and it uses dialectal terms obsolete even during the era. The 1938 edition consisted of Old Testament, deuterocanonicals and New Testament.

The latest official Finnish translation dates to 1992, the so-called Uusi kirkkoraamattu (New Church Bible). It is the first Finnish ecumenical edition; the translation committee consisted not only of the representants of the Finnish Lutheran Church, but also of academics and representants of Finnish Orthodox Church and Finnish Catholic Church, and is intended to use of all Christian denominations. the principle of 1992 edition is contextual translation; instead of verbatim translation, translation in context has been attempted as accurately as possible. The initial edition consisted of only New and Old Testament: the translation of the Old Testament deuterocanonicals were finished only 2004.

Of the non-official Finnish translations the most important is Uuden Maailman käännös (New World Translation) used by Jehovah's Witnesses. The principle in translation of this edition has been same as on 1938 edition: as verbatim translation as possible. Unfortunately the translation of the "Uuden Maailman käännös" has been done from English instead of original Aramaic and Greek, making the edition somewhat inaccurate. It should be noted that the New World Translation is considered by expertsRobert H. Countess, The Jehovah's Witnesses' New Testament: a Critical Analysis of the New World Translation of the Christian Greek Scriptures (2nd ed. Phillipsburg, New Jersey: Presbyterian and Reformed Pub. Co., 1987) Bruce M. Metzger, "The New World Translation of the Christian Greek Scriptures." The Bible Translator 15/3 (July 1964), pp. 150-153 Bruce M. Metzger, "The Jehovah's Witnesses and Jesus Christ: A Biblical and Theological Appraisal." Theology Today 10 (1953): 65-85 Raymond V. Franz, Crisis of Conscience (Atlanta: Commentary Press, 1983). Contains a number of interesting remarks on the New World Translation to be a "heretical" version containing obvious faults in translation primarily of an eisegetical nature due to their rejection of many of the central doctrines of Christianity.

Johanneksen evankeliumi 3:16

Finnish translations	Johannes 3:16
1776	Sillä niin on Jumala maailmaa rakastanut, että hän antoi ainoan Poikansa, että jokainen, joka uskoo hänen päällensä, ei pidä hukkuman, mutta ijankaikkisen elämän saaman.
1938	Sillä niin on Jumala maailmaa rakastanut, että hän antoi ainokaisen Poikansa, ettei yksikään, joka häneen uskoo, hukkuisi, vaan hänellä olisi iankaikkinen elämä.
1992	Jumala on rakastanut maailmaa niin paljon, että antoi ainoan Poikansa, jottei yksikään, joka häneen uskoo, joutuisi kadotukseen, vaan saisi iankaikkisen elämän.

French

The first printed translation of the Bible into the French language was the work of Jacques Lefèvre d'Étaples in 1530 in Antwerp. This was substantially revised and improved in 1535 by Pierre Robert Olivétan. This bible, in turn, became the basis of the first French Roman Catholic bible, published at Leuven in 1550, the work of Nicholas de Leuze and François de Larben. Finally, the Port-Royal version, prepared by Antoine Lemaistre and his brother Louis Isaac Lemaistre, finished in 1695, achieved broad acceptance among both Roman Catholics and Protestants. Jean-Frédéric Ostervald's version (1724) also enjoyed widespread popularity.

Many Francophone Protestants now use the Louis Segond version, which was finished in 1880, and revised substantially between 1975 and 1978. The Revised Louis Segond Bible is published by the American Bible Society. It is a word-for-word translation.

Another modern French Bible is the Bible du Semeur finished in 2000. This is a more thought-for-thought translation than Segond's, and it uses more contemporary language. It is published by the International Bible Society.

A little more information on French translations and translating Bibles into French can be found at:

http://academic.sun.ac.za/as/cbta/Bible%20in%20Africa_Sept2005/Patman_Translator's%20notes%20English%20and%20French%20Helps.pdf

Among Roman Catholics, the most notable contemporary French translation is La Bible de Jérusalem, available in English as The Jerusalem Bible, which appeared first in French in 1954 and was revised in 1973. Its copious but concise footnotes and apparatus have won respect among both Protestant and Catholic readers. This translation has served as the basis for versions in many other languages besides French.

The chief Jewish version of the Hebrew Scriptures in French is La Bible du rabbinat français, which was finished in 1906 and was revised in 1966.

German

The most important and influential of translations of the Bible into German is the Luther Bible. The influence that Martin Luther's translation had on the development of the German language is often compared to the influence the KJV had on English. It is currently used in a revised version from 1986. Despite the revisions, the language is still somewhat archaic and thus inadequate for non-native speakers who want to learn the German language by using a German translation.

Another translation is the Catholic Einheitsübersetzung ("unified" or "unity translation"), so called because it was the first common translation used for all Catholic German-speaking dioceses. The text of the New Testament and the Psalms of the Einheitsübersetzung was agreed on by a committee of Roman Catholic and Protestant scholars, and therefore was intended to be used by both Roman Catholics and Protestants especially for ecumenical services, while the remainder of the Old Testament follows a Roman Catholic tradition.However, the Protestant Church of Germany refused to continue the cooperation for the current revision of the Einheitsübersetzung.

A modern version is the Neue Evangelische Übertragung (New Evangelical Version). This translation project is an initiative of Karl-Heinz Vanheiden, who releases each of his translations of a new book of the Bible on his website in MS Word format, and welcomes corrections and suggestions for changes from the public. This particular version seeks to make the Bible understandable to non-Christians as well, and places great weight in clarity of language. So far, the New Testament has been completed, and the Old Testament is being translated.[1]

Johannes 3:16

German Translations	Johannes 3:16
Luther	Also hat Gott die Welt geliebt, daß er seinen eingeborenen Sohn gab, auf daß alle, die an ihn glauben, nicht verloren werden, sondern das ewige Leben haben.
Einheitsübersetzung	Denn Gott hat die Welt so sehr geliebt, daß er seinen einzigen Sohn hingab, damit jeder, der an ihn glaubt, nicht zugrunde geht, sondern das ewige Leben hat.
Neue Evangelische Übertragung	Denn so hat Gott der Welt seine Liebe gezeigt: Er gab seinen einzigen Sohn dafür, dass jeder, der an ihn glaubt, nicht zugrunde geht, sondern ewiges Leben hat.
Gute Nachricht Bibel	Gott hat die Menschen so sehr geliebt, dass er seinen einzigen Sohn hergab. Nun werden alle, die sich auf den Sohn Gottes verlassen, nicht zugrunde gehen, sondern ewig leben.

Other well known German language Bible versions are: Zürcher Bibel, Elberfelder, Schlachter, Buber-Rosenzweig (OT only), Pattloch, Herder, Hoffnung für Alle (Hope for All), Die Gute Nachricht (The Good News), Gute Nachricht Bibel (Good News Bible, revision of "Gute Nachricht").

Gothic

The only translation of the Bible into the extinct Gothic language was made by the bishop Ulfilas and is preserved in one hand-written copy, known as the Codex Argenteus.

Greek (Modern)

In 1901, Alexandros Pallis translated the Gospels in Modern Greek. The publishing of the translation in a newspaper caused riots in Athens, known as Evangelika (Ευαγγελικά).

Gullah

Main article: Gullah

There has been a translation of Bible into Gullah, a creole language spoken by residents of the Sea Islands. The effort began in 1979 with a team of Gullah speakers from the Penn Center with the assistance of Pat and Claude Sharpe, translation consultants for Wycliffe Bible Translators. Pat Sharpe died in 2002, and that person was replaced by David and Lynn Frank. The Gospels of Luke and John were released in 1995 and 2003, respectively. The New Testament was released in 2005.

John 3:16 in Gullah

Translation	John 3:16
De Nyew Testament	Cause God lobe all de people een de wol so much dat e gii we e onliest Son. God sen we um so dat ebrybody wa bleebe on um ain gwine ded. Dey gwine libe fa true faeba mo.

Sources and links
*Press release on the Gullah New Testament
*Photos from the Gullah NT blessing service
*Lansing State Journal on the translation

Hawaiian

A Hawaiian translation was done by New England Christian missionaries and the Reverend Hiram Bingham in the early 1800's. The Gospels (Matthew, Mark, Luke, and John) were translated in 1828. The rest of the New Testament was translated in 1832. The Old Testament was translated in 1839. The translation was revised in 1868. A new translation of the New Testament in Hawaiian Pidgin, titled Da Jesus Book, was published in 2000 by Wycliffe Bible Translators.

External link
*The Hawaiian Bible Project
*Hawaiian Bible joins modern age

Reference

Most of the information in this section comes from Jacquelyn Sapiie, Supervisor of Library Services at the American Bible Society on January 14, 2004.

Hungarian

The first significant Bible translations into Hungarian are as follows:
* Hussite Bible (probably 1436�"1439, only fragments remained)
* New Testament (1541, János Sylvester): the first full New Testament in Hungarian
* Gáspár Károlyi's translation (also known as Vizsolyi Biblia and its translator as Károli, 1590, Protestant): the first complete version in Hungarian, which gained wide popularity and is occasionally used even today as the "classic" translation (similarly to the KJV in English)
**Revised last time in 2003
* György Káldi's translation (1626, the first full Catholic version)
**Revised in 1835, 1851, 1865, 1934, 1973, and 1997

John 3:16 in Hungarian

{| border=1| style="background-color: #ccc;" align=center|Hungarian translations