College of Cardinals
The
Sacred College of Cardinals is the body of all
Cardinals of the
Roman Catholic Church. It was set up by Pope St.
Leo IX. The body plays two roles for the church:
*participating in
papal elections when the
Holy See is vacant, and
*advising the
Pope about Church matters when he summons them to a
consistory.
Historically, they were also the
clergy of the city of
Rome serving the
Pope as the
Bishop of
Rome and were assigned duties in
parishes of the city. The College has no ruling power except during the
sede vacante period, where its powers are still extremely limited according to the
Apostolic constitution Universi Dominici Gregis.
The
Dean of the College of Cardinals and the Sub-Dean are the
president and
vice-president of the college. Both are elected by the cardinals holding
suburbicarian dioceses, but the election requires Papal confirmation. Except for presiding, the Dean has no power of governance over the cardinals, instead acting as
primus inter pares.
The
Secretary of State, the prefects of the
Congregations of the
Roman Curia, the
Camerlengo of the Roman Catholic Church, the
Vicar General of Rome, and the
Patriarchs of Venice and
Lisbon are usually Cardinals, with few, generally temporary, exceptions.
Since
January 1,
1971, cardinals over the age of 80 have not had a vote in papal election, under the terms of
Pope Paul VI's
motu proprio Ingravescentem Aetatem.
The rules for the election of the pope are now those stated in
Universi Dominici Gregis, published by
Pope John Paul II on
22 February 1996. It now states that cardinals over the age of 80 at the day the see become vacant do not have a vote in the papal election.
Although the rules of the Conclave explicitly say the Pope need not be chosen from among the ranks of the Cardinals (in theory
any male Roman Catholic may be elected Pope), that has been the norm since the election of
Pope Urban VI in
1378.
The following is the list of Cardinals as of August 2006. Cardinals are shown in order of precedence, based on seniority by date of appointment.
Stephen Cardinal Kim Sou-hwan is considered the most senior member of the College by length of service, as he was listed first of those surviving from the 1969 consistory. However,
Angelo Cardinal Sodano, as dean of the College of Cardinals, has the highest precedence as a Cardinal Bishop.
Cardinals aged over 80 are indicated with an asterisk (*), and no others will turn 80 before
August 14,
2006. All but fourteen of the Cardinals alive at the death of
Pope John Paul II were appointed by him. Three of those fourteen were under 80 years old as of the day of John Paul II's death, and one of those three (
Joseph Cardinal Ratzinger) has since been elected Pope (as
Benedict XVI) while another (
Jaime Cardinal Sin) has died. There are now a total of 190 cardinals of whom 120 are aged under 80.
There are three ranks of Cardinals:
Cardinal Bishops,
Cardinal Priests, and
Cardinal Deacons. Almost all Cardinals are also
bishops.
Cardinals of the Order of Bishops
Titular Bishops of seven suburbicarian sees*
Angelo Cardinal Sodano, Dean of the College of Cardinals (Italy) - born
23 November 1927 Cardinal Secretary of State Cardinal 28 June 1991, Cardinal Bishop of Albano since January 1994, Dean of the College (and therefore Cardinal Bishop of Ostia) since April 2005*
Bernardin Cardinal Gantin* (
Benin) - born
8 May 1922 retired as Dean and as Prefect of the Congregation for Bishops
Cardinal 27 June 1977, Cardinal Bishop of Palestrina since September 1986, was Dean and Cardinal Bishop of Ostia 1993-2002*
Roger Cardinal Etchegaray* (
France) - born
25 September 1922 Vice-Dean of the College of Cardinals, former President of the Pontifical Council for Justice and Peace
Cardinal 30 June 1979, Cardinal Bishop of Porto-Santa Rufina since June 1998*
Alfonso Cardinal López Trujillo (
Colombia) - born
8 November 1935 President of
Pontifical Council for the Family Cardinal 2 February 1983, Cardinal Bishop of Frascati since November 2001*
Giovanni Battista Cardinal Re (
Italy) - born
30 January 1934 Prefect of the Congregation for Bishops
Cardinal 21 February 2001, Cardinal Bishop of Sabina-Poggio Mirteto since October 2002*
Francis Cardinal Arinze (
Nigeria) - born
1 November 1932 Prefect of the Congregation for Divine Worship and the Discipline of the Sacraments
Cardinal 25 May 1985, Cardinal Bishop of Velletri-Segni since April 2005Patriarchs of Oriental Rites*
Nasrallah Pierre Cardinal Sfeir* (
Lebanon) - born
15 May 1920 Maronite Patriarch of Antioch (lives in
Beirut)
Cardinal 28 February 1994*
Stéphanos II Cardinal Ghattas* (
Egypt) - born
16 January 1920 Retired
Coptic Catholic Patriarch of Alexandria Cardinal 21 February 2001*
Ignace Moussa I Cardinal Daoud (
Syria) - born
18 September 1930 Prefect of the Congregation for the Oriental Churches and former
Syrian Rite Patriarch of
Antioch Cardinal 21 February 2001Cardinals of the Order of Priests
Consistory of 28 April 1969 *
Stephen Cardinal Kim Sou-hwan* (
Korea) - born
8 May 1922 Retired Archbishop of
Seoul*
Eugênio Cardinal de Araújo Sales* (
Brazil) - born
8 November 1920 Retired Archbishop of
Rio de Janeiro and previously of
São Salvador de BahiaConsistory of 5 March 1973*
Luis Cardinal Aponte Martinez* (
Puerto Rico) - born
4 August 1922 Retired
Archbishop of San Juan, Puerto Rico
*
Salvatore Cardinal Pappalardo* (
Italy) - born
23 September 1918 Retired Archbishop of
Palermo*
Paulo Evaristo Cardinal Arns* (Brazil) - born
14 September 1921 Retired Archbishop of
São PauloConsistory of 24 May 1976*
William Wakefield Cardinal Baum (
USA) - born
21 November 1926 Retired Major Penitentiary, previously Archbishop of
Washington, D.C. and then Prefect of the
Congregation for Catholic Education*
Aloísio Cardinal Lorscheider* (
Brazil) - born
8 October 1924 Retired Archbishop of
Aparecida and previously of
FortalezaConsistory of 30 June 1979*
Marco Cardinal Cé* (Italy) - born
8 July 1925 Retired
Patriarch of Venice*
Ernesto Cardinal Corripio y Ahumada* (
Mexico) - born
29 June 1919 Retired Archbishop of
Mexico City*
Franciszek Cardinal Macharski (
Poland) - born
20 May 1927 Retired
Archbishop of KrakowConsistory of 2 February 1983*
Michael Michae Cardinal Kitbunchu (
Thailand) - born
26 January 1929 Archbishop of Bangkok*
Alexandre Cardinal do Nascimento* (
Angola) - born
1 March 1925 Retired Archbishop of
Luanda, and previously of Lubango
*
Godfried Cardinal Danneels (
Belgium) - born
5 June 1933 Archbishop of Malines-
Brussels (or
Mechelen-Brussel)
*
Thomas Stafford Cardinal Williams (
New Zealand) - born
20 March 1930 Retired Archbishop of
Wellington, New Zealand*
Carlo Maria Cardinal Martini (Italy) - born
15 February 1927 Retired
Archbishop of Milan*
Jean-Marie Cardinal Lustiger (France) - born
17 September 1926 Retired
Archbishop of Paris*
Józef Cardinal Glemp (Poland) - born
28 December 1929 Archbishop of
Warsaw*
Joachim Cardinal Meisner (
Germany) - born
25 December 1933 Archbishop of Cologne and previously Bishop of
BerlinConsistory of 25 May 1985*
Duraisamy Simon Cardinal Lourdusamy* (
India) - born
5 February 1924 Retired Prefect of the Congregation for the Oriental Churches and former Archbishop of
Bangalore*
Antonio Cardinal Innocenti* (Italy) - born
23 August 1915 Retired as President of the Pontifical Commission
Ecclesia Dei, previously Prefect of the Congregation for the Clergy
*
Miguel Cardinal Obando Bravo* (
Nicaragua) - born
2 February 1926 Retired Archbishop of
Managua*
Paul Augustin Cardinal Mayer* (Germany) - born
23 May 1911 Retired as President of the Pontifical Commission
Ecclesia Dei (preceded Cardinal Innocenti) and previously Prefect of the Congregation for Divine Worship and the Discipline of the Sacraments
*
Ricardo J. Cardinal Vidal (Philippines) - born
6 February 1931 Archbishop of
Cebu*
Henryk Roman Cardinal Gulbinowicz* (Poland) -
long reported as born 17 October 1928 but announced 2 February 2005 that he had concealed his real age in the wartime conditions of 1944 and was really born in 1923 [
1] Retired Archbishop of
Wrocław*
Jozef Cardinal Tomko* (
Slovakia) - born
11 March 1924 President of the Pontifical Committee for International Eucharistic Congresses and former Prefect of the
Congregation for the Evangelization of Peoples*
Andrzej Maria Cardinal Deskur* (Poland) - born
29 February 1924 President of the Pontifical Academy of the Immaculate Conception, formerly President of the Pontifical Council for Social Communications
*
Paul Cardinal Poupard (France) - born
30 August 1930 President of the Pontifical Council for Culture
*
Louis-Albert Cardinal Vachon* (Canada) - born
4 February 1912 Retired Archbishop of
Quebec City*
Rosalio José Cardinal Castillo Lara* (
Venezuela) - born
4 September 1922 Retired President of the Pontifical Commission for the State of Vatican City
*
Friedrich Cardinal Wetter (Germany) - born
20 February 1928 Archbishop of Munich and Freising*
Silvano Cardinal Piovanelli* (Italy) - born
21 February 1924 Retired
Archbishop of Florence*
Adrianus Johannes Cardinal Simonis (Netherlands) - born
26 November 1931 Archbishop of Utrecht*
Édouard Cardinal Gagnon* (
Canada) - born
15 January 1918 Retired President of the Pontifical Committee for the International Eucharistic Congresses
*
Alfons Maria Cardinal Stickler* (Austria) - born
23 August 1910 Retired Librarian and Archivist of the Holy Roman Church
*
Bernard Francis Cardinal Law (USA) - born
4 November 1931 Archpriest of the Basilica of St. Mary Major and former Archbishop of
Boston, Massachusetts*
Giacomo Cardinal Biffi (Italy) - born
13 June 1928 Retired Archbishop of
BolognaConsistory of 28 June 1988*
Eduardo Cardinal Martínez Somalo (Spain) - born
31 March 1927 Chamberlain of the Holy Roman Church*
Achille Cardinal Silvestrini* (Italy) - born
25 October 1923 Retired Prefect of the Congregation for the Oriental Churches
*
Angelo Cardinal Felici* (Italy) - born
26 July 1919 Retired President of the Pontifical Commission
Ecclesia Dei (succeeded Cardinal Innocenti) and previously Prefect of the Congregation for the Causes of Saints
*
José Cardinal Freire Falcão* (Brazil) - born
23 October 1925 Retired Archbishop of
Brasilia*
Michele Cardinal Giordano (Italy) - born
26 September 1930 Retired Archbishop of
Naples*
Alexandre José Maria Cardinal dos Santos* (Mozambique) - born
18 March 1924 Retired Archbishop of
Maputo*
Giovanni Cardinal Canestri* (Italy) - born
30 September 1918 Retired Archbishop of
Genoa*
Antonio María Cardinal Javierre Ortas* (Spain) - born
21 February 1921 Retired Prefect of the Congregation for Divine Worship and the Discipline of the Sacraments
*
Simon Ignatius Cardinal Pimenta* (India) - born
1 March 1920 Retired Archbishop of
Bombay*
Edward Bede Cardinal Clancy* (Australia) - born
13 December 1923 Retired Archbishop of
Sydney*
Edmund Casimir Cardinal Szoka (USA) - born
14 September 1927 President of the Governorate of
Vatican City and former
Archbishop of Detroit*
László Cardinal Paskai (
Hungary) - born
8 May 1927 Retired
Archbishop of Esztergom-Budapest*
Christian Wiyghan Cardinal Tumi (Cameroon) - born
15 October 1930 Archbishop of
Douala*
Jean Cardinal Margéot* (
Mauritius) - born
23 February 1916 Retired Bishop of
Port-LouisConsistory of 28 June 1991*
Frédéric Cardinal Etsou-Nzabi-Bamungwabi (Congo) - born
3 December 1930 Archbishop of
Kinshasa*
Nicolás de Jesús Cardinal López Rodriguez (Dominican Republic) - born
31 October 1936 Archbishop of
Santo Domingo*
Roger Michael Cardinal Mahony (USA) - born
27 February 1936 Archbishop of Los Angeles, California*
Anthony Joseph Cardinal Bevilacqua* (USA) - born
17 June 1923 Retired Archbishop of
Philadelphia, Pennsylvania*
Giovanni Cardinal Saldarini* (Italy) - born
11 December 1924 Retired Archbishop of
Turin*
Cahal Brendan Cardinal Daly* (
Ireland) - born
1 October 1917 Retired
Archbishop of Armagh*
Camillo Cardinal Ruini (Italy) - born
19 February 1931 Vicar General of the Diocese of
Rome*
Ján Chryzostom Cardinal Korec* (Slovakia) - born
22 January 1924 Retired Bishop of Nitra
*
Henri Cardinal Schwery (Switzerland) - born
14 June 1932 Bishop of Sion*
Georg Maximilian Cardinal Sterzinsky (Germany) - born
9 February 1936 Archbishop of
Berlin*
Pío Cardinal Laghi* (Italy) - born
21 May 1922 Retired Prefect of the Congregation for Catholic Education
*
Edward Idris Cardinal Cassidy* (Australia) - born
5 July 1924 Retired President of the Pontifical Council for the Promotion of Christian Unity
*
José Tomas Cardinal Sánchez* (Philippines) - born
17 March 1920 Retired Prefect of the Congregation for the Clergy
*
Virgilio Cardinal Noè* (Italy) - born
30 March 1922 Retired Vicar General for the State of Vatican City and Archpriest of St. Peter's Basilica
*
Fiorenzo Cardinal Angelini* (Italy) - born
1 August 1916 Retired President of the Pontifical Commission for Pastoral Assistance to Health Care Workers
Consistory of 26 November 1994*
Miloslav Cardinal Vlk (Czech Republic) - born
17 May 1932 Archbishop of
Prague*
Luigi Cardinal Poggi* (Italy) - born
25 November 1917 Retired Librarian and Archivist of the Holy Roman Church
*
Peter Seiichi Cardinal Shirayanagi (Japan) - born
17 June 1928 Retired Archbishop of
Tokyo*
Carlo Cardinal Furno* (Italy) - born
2 December 1921 Grand Master of the
Order of the Holy Sepulchre and Retired Archpriest of the
Basilica of St. Mary Major*
Adolfo Antonio Cardinal Suárez Rivera (Mexico) - born
9 January 1927 Retired Archbishop of
Monterrey*
Julius Riyadi Cardinal Darmaatmadja (Indonesia) - born
20 December 1934 Archbishop of
Jakarta*
Jaime Lucas Cardinal Ortega y Alamino (Cuba) - born
18 October 1936 Archbishop of
San Cristobal de la Habana*
Gilberto Cardinal Agustoni* (Switzerland) - born
26 July 1922 Retired Prefect of the Supreme Tribunal of the Apostolic Signatura
*
Emmanuel Cardinal Wamala (Uganda) - born
15 December 1926 Archbishop of
Kampala*
William Henry Cardinal Keeler (USA) - born
4 March 1931 Archbishop of Baltimore*
Jean-Claude Cardinal Turcotte (Canada) - born
26 June 1930 Archbishop of Montreal*
Ricardo María Cardinal Carles Gordó (
Spain) - born
24 September 1926 Retired Archbishop of
Barcelona*
Adam Joseph Cardinal Maida (USA) - born
18 March 1930 Archbishop of Detroit*
Vinko Cardinal Puljić (Bosnia and Herzegovina) - born
8 September 1945 Archbishop of
Vrhbosna/Sarajevo*
Armand Gaétan Cardinal Razafindratandra* (Madagascar) - born
7 August 1925 Retired Archbishop of
Antananarivo*
Paul Joseph Cardinal Pham Dình Tung* (Vietnam) - born
15 June 1919 Retired Archbishop of
Hanoi*
Juan Cardinal Sandoval Íñiguez (Mexico) - born
28 March 1933 Archbishop of
Guadalajara, Jalisco*
Kazimierz Cardinal Swiatek* (Belarus) - born
21 October 1914 Archbishop of
Minsk*
Ersilio Cardinal Tonini* (Italy) - born
20 July 1914 Retired Archbishop of
RavennaConsistory of 21 February 1998*
Salvatore Cardinal De Giorgi (Italy) - born
6 September 1930 Archbishop of
Palermo*
Serafim Cardinal Fernandes de Araújo* (
Brazil) - born
13 August 1924 Retired Archbishop of
Belo Horizonte*
Antonio María Cardinal Rouco Varela (Spain) - born
24 August 1936 Archbishop of
Madrid*
Aloysius Matthew Cardinal Ambrozic (Canada) - born
27 January 1930 Archbishop of Toronto*
Dionigi Cardinal Tettamanzi (Italy) - born
14 March 1934 Archbishop of Milan*
Polycarp Cardinal Pengo (Tanzania) - born
5 August 1944 Archbishop of
Dar-es-Salaam*
Christoph Cardinal Schönborn (Austria) - born
22 January 1945 Archbishop of Vienna*
Norberto Cardinal Rivera Carrera (Mexico) - born
6 June 1942 Archbishop of
Mexico City*
Francis Eugene Cardinal George (USA) - born
16 January 1937 Archbishop of Chicago*
Paul Cardinal Shan Kuo-hsi* (Taiwan) - born
3 December 1923 Retired Archbishop of
Taiwan and Retired Bishop of
Kaohsiung*
Adam Cardinal Kozlowiecki* (Poland) -
1 April 1911 Retired Archbishop of
Lusaka*
Marian Cardinal Jaworski (Ukraine) - born
21 August 1926 Archbishop of
Lviv*
Janis Cardinal Pujats (Latvia) - born
14 November 1930 Archbishop of
RigaConsistory of 21 February 2001*
Antonio José González Zumárraga* (Ecuador) - born
18 March 1925 Retired Archbishop of
Quito*
Ivan Cardinal Dias (India) - born
14 April 1936 Prefect of the
Congregation for the Evangelization of Peoples*
Geraldo Majella Cardinal Agnelo (
Brazil) - born
19 October 1933 Archbishop of
São Salvador de Bahia*
Pedro Cardinal Rubiano Sáenz (Colombia) - born
13 September 1932 Archbishop of
Bogotá*
Theodore Edgar Cardinal McCarrick (USA) - born
7 July 1930 Retired Archbishop of
Washington, D.C.*
Desmond Cardinal Connell* (Ireland) - born
24 March 1926 Retired Archbishop of
Dublin*
Audrys Juozas Cardinal Backis (Lithuania) - born
1 February 1937 Archbishop of
Vilnius*
Francisco Javier Cardinal Errázuriz Ossa (Chile) - born
5 September 1933 Archbishop of
Santiago de Chile*
Julio Cardinal Terrazas Sandoval (Bolivia) - born
7 March 1936 Archbishop of Santa Cruz de la Sierra
*
Wilfrid Fox Cardinal Napier (South Africa) - born
8 March 1941 Archbishop of
Durban*
Oscar Andrés Cardinal Rodríguez Maradiaga (Honduras) - born
29 December 1942 Archbishop of
Tegucigalpa*
Bernard Cardinal Agré* (Ivory Coast) - born
2 March 1926 Retired Archbishop of
Abidjan*
Juan Luis Cardinal Cipriani Thorne (Peru) - born
28 December 1943 Archbishop of
Lima*
Francisco Cardinal Álvarez Martínez* (Spain) - born
14 July 1925 Retired Archbishop of
Toledo*
Cláudio Cardinal Hummes (
Brazil) - born
8 August 1934 Archbishop of
São Paulo*
Varkey Cardinal Vithayathil (India) - born
29 May 1927 Major Archbishop of
Ernakulam-
Angamaly of the
Syro-Malabars
*
Jorge Mario Cardinal Bergoglio (Argentina) - born
17 December 1936 Archbishop of
Buenos Aires*
José Cardinal da Cruz Policarpo (
Portugal) - born
26 February 1936 Patriarch of Lisbon*
Severino Cardinal Poletto (Italy) - born
18 March 1933 Archbishop of
Turin*
Cormac Cardinal Murphy-O'Connor (
England &
Wales) - born
24 August 1932 Archbishop of Westminster*
Edward Michael Cardinal Egan (USA) - born
2 April 1932 Archbishop of New York, New York*
Lubomyr Cardinal Husar (Ukraine) - born
26 February 1933 Major Archbishop of
Kiev of the
Ukrainians*
Karl Cardinal Lehmann (Germany) - born
16 May 1936 Bishop of Mainz*
Jean Cardinal Honoré* (France) - born
13 August 1920 Retired
Archbishop of ToursConsistory of 21 October 2003note 1*
Angelo Cardinal Scola (Italy) - born
7 November 1941 Patriarch of Venice*
Anthony Olubumni Cardinal Okogie (Nigeria) - born
16 June 1936 Archbishop of
Lagos*
Bernard Cardinal Panafieu (France) - born
26 January 1931 Retired Archbishop of
Marseille*
Gabriel Cardinal Zubeir Wako (Sudan) - born
27 February 1939 Archbishop of
Khartoum*
Carlos Cardinal Amigo Vallejo (Spain) - born
23 August 1934 Archbishop of
Seville*
Justin Francis Cardinal Rigali (USA) - born
19 April 1935 Archbishop of Philadelphia, Pennsylvania*
Keith Michael Patrick Cardinal O'Brien (Scotland) - born
17 March 1938 Archbishop of Saint Andrews and Edinburgh*
Eusebio Oscar Cardinal Scheid (
Brazil) - born
8 December 1932 Archbishop of
Rio de Janeiro*
Ennio Cardinal Antonelli (Italy) - born
18 November 1936 Archbishop of Florence*
Tarcisio Cardinal Bertone (Italy) - born
2 December 1934 Archbishop of
Genoa*
Peter Kodwo Appiah Cardinal Turkson (Ghana) - born
11 October 1948 Archbishop of Cape Coast
*
Telesphore Placidus Cardinal Toppo (India) - born
13 October 1939 Archbishop of Ranchi
*
George Cardinal Pell (Australia) - born
8 April 1941 Archbishop of
Sydney*
Josip Cardinal Bozanić (Croatia) - born
20 March 1949 Archbishop of
Zagreb*
Jean-Baptiste Cardinal Pham Minh Mán (Vietnam) - born 1934 (birthday not recorded) Archbishop of
Ho Chi Minh City*
Rodolfo Cardinal Quezada Toruño (Guatemala) - born
8 March 1932 Archbishop of
Guatemala City*
Philippe Cardinal Barbarin (France) - born
17 October 1950 Archbishop of
Lyon*
Péter Cardinal Erdő (
Hungary) - born
25 June 1952 Archbishop of Esztergom-Budapest*
Marc Cardinal Ouellet (Canada) - born
8 June 1944 Archbishop of Quebec CityConsistory of 24 March 2006*
Jorge Liberato Urosa Cardinal Savino (Venezuela) - born
28 August 1942 - Archbishop of
Caracas*
Gaudencio Borbon Cardinal Rosales (Philippines) - born
10 August 1932 - Archbishop of
Manila*
Jean-Pierre Cardinal Ricard (France) - born
25 September 1944 - Archbishop of
Bordeaux*
Antonio Cañizares Cardinal Llovera (Spain) - born
15 October 1945 - Archbishop of
Toledo*
Nicolas Cheong Cardinal Jin-Suk (South Korea) - born
7 December 1931 - Archbishop of
Seoul*
Sean Patrick Cardinal O'Malley (United States) - born
29 June 1944 - Archbishop of
Boston*
Stanisław Cardinal Dziwisz (Poland) - born
27 April 1939 - Archbishop of
Kraków*
Carlo Cardinal Caffarra (Italy) - born
1 June 1938 - Archbishop of Bologna
*
Joseph Cardinal Zen (
Hong Kong note 2) - born
13 January 1932 - Bishop of
Hong KongCardinals of the Order of Deacons
Cardinal Deacons have the right to become Cardinal Priests after ten years as Cardinal Deacons, with the rare exception of Cardinals who are not Bishops. All living former Cardinal Deacons created prior to 1998 have exercised this right.
Consistory of 21 February 1998*
Jorge Arturo Cardinal Medina Estévez (Chile) - born
23 December 1926 Retired Prefect of the Congregation for Divine Worship and the Discipline of the Sacraments
*
Darío Cardinal Castrillón Hoyos (Colombia) - born
4 July 1929 Prefect of the Congregation for the Clergy and President of the Pontifical Commission
Ecclesia Dei*
Lorenzo Cardinal Antonetti* (Italy) - born
31 July 1922 Pontifical Delegate for the Patriarchal Basilica of St. Francis of Assisi and Retired President of the Administration of the Patrimony of the Apostolic See
*
James Francis Cardinal Stafford (USA) - born
26 July 1932 Major Penitentiary
*
Giovanni Cardinal Cheli* (Italy) - born
4 October 1918 Retired President of the Pontifical Commission for Pastoral Care of Migrants and Itinerants
*
Dino Cardinal Monduzzi* (Italy) - born
2 April 1922 Prefect of the Pontifical Household
Consistory of 21 February 2001*
Agostino Cardinal Cacciavillan (Italy) - born
14 August 1926 Retired President of the Administration of the Apostolic See (succeeded Cardinal Antonetti)
*
Sergio Cardinal Sebastiani (Italy) - born
11 April 1931 President of the Prefecture for the Economic Affairs of the Holy See
*
Zenon Cardinal Grocholewski (Poland) - born
11 October 1939 Prefect of the Congregation for Catholic Education
*
José Cardinal Saraiva Martins (
Portugal) - born
6 January 1932 Prefect of the Congregation for the Causes of Saints
*
Crescenzio Cardinal Sepe (Italy) - born
2 June 1943 Archbishop of
Naples*
Jorge María Cardinal Mejía* (Argentina) - born
31 January 1923 Retired Librarian and Archivist of the Holy Roman Church
*
Mario Francesco Cardinal Pompedda (Italy) - born
18 April 1929 Retired Prefect of the Supreme Tribunal of the Apostolic Signatura
*
Walter Cardinal Kasper (Germany) - born
5 March 1933 President of the Pontifical Council for the Promotion of Christian Unity
*
Roberto Cardinal Tucci* (Italy) - born
19 April 1921 Priest of
Society of Jesus and retired President of the Administrative Committee of Radio Vatican
*
Avery Cardinal Dulles* (USA) - born
24 August 1918 Priest of
Society of Jesus and Professor of Theology at
Fordham UniversityConsistory of 21 October 2003note 1*
Jean-Louis Cardinal Tauran (France) - born
3 April 1943 Librarian and Archivist of the Holy Roman Church
*
Renato Raffaele Cardinal Martino (Italy) - born
23 November 1932 President of the Pontifical Council for Justice and Peace
*
Francesco Cardinal Marchisano (Italy) - born
25 June 1929 President of the Office of Labor of the Apostolic See and Archpriest of the Vatican Basilica
*
Julian Cardinal Herranz Casado (Spain) - born
31 March 1930 President of the Pontifical Commission for the Interpretation of Legislative Texts
*
Javier Cardinal Lozano Barragán (Mexico) - born
26 January 1933 President of the Pontifical Council for Pastoral Care of Health Care Workers
*
Stephen Fumio Cardinal Hamao (Japan) - born
9 March 1930 Retired President of the Pontifical Council for the Pastoral Care of Migrants and Itinerants
*
Attilio Cardinal Nicora (Italy) - born
16 March 1937 President of the Administration of the Patrimony of the Holy See
*
George Marie Martin Cardinal Cottier* (Switzerland) - born
25 April 1922 Titular Archbishop of Tullia, retired as Pro-Theologian of the Pontifical Household and as Secretary-General of the International Theological Commission
*
Tomas Cardinal Spidlik* (Czech Republic) - born
17 December 1919 Consultor of Vatican Congregations
*
Stanislaw Cardinal Nagy* (Poland) - born
30 September 1921 Titular Archbishop of Holar and retired Professor of Theology
Consistory of 24 March 2006*
William Cardinal Levada (United States) - born
15 June 1936 Prefect of the
Congregation of the Doctrine of the Faith*
Franc Cardinal Rodé (Slovenia) - born
23 September 1934 - Prefect of the
Congregation for Institutes of Consecrated Life and Societies of Apostolic Life*
Agostino Cardinal Vallini (Italy) - born
17 April 1940 - Prefect of the Supreme Tribunal of the
Apostolic Signatura*
Andrea Cardinal Cordero Lanza di Montezemolo* (Italy) - born
27 August 1925 - Archpriest of the Basilica of
St. Paul's Outside-the-Walls*
Peter Proeku Cardinal Dery* (Ghana) - born
10 May 1918 - Archbishop emeritus of
Tamale, Ghana*
Albert Cardinal Vanhoye, S.J.* (France) - born
23 July 1923 - formerly rector of the Pontifical Biblical Institute and secretary of the Pontifical Biblical Commission
Note 1: In 2003 Pope John Paul II announced he was also creating one cardinal secretly (
in pectore), which would have taken effect if the appointment had been announced before the Pope's death. There was press speculation that it was his senior personal secretary,
Stanisław Dziwisz or else resided in the
mainland of the
People's Republic of China. However, on
April 6 2005 it was revealed by the Vatican spokesman that Pope John Paul II had not announced the name of this cardinal before witnesses prior to his death and that the appointment was therefore null.
Note 2: Hong Kong is a
special administrative region of the
People's Republic of China. However, as of February 2006 the
Holy See recognises the
Republic of China (Taiwan) as the sole legitimate government of
China.
*
List of deceased cardinals*
Palatine Cardinals*
Cardinals of the Catholic Church - sortable list, often slightly out of date on deaths
*
Catholic-Hierarchy.org, with entry into extensive databases.
*
The Cardinals of the Holy Roman Church, by Salvador Miranda, with fuller biographical notices*
Cardinalrating.com- includes Collected Press Articles on present cardinals, in various languages
