FIFA World Cup
The
FIFA World Cup, sometimes called the
football World Cup or the
soccer World Cup, but usually referred to simply as the
World Cup, is an international
football competition contested by the
men's national football teams of member nations of the Fédération Internationale de Football Association (
FIFA) (the sport's global governing body). The championship has been awarded every four years since the first tournament in
1930, except in 1942 and 1946, due to
World War II. However, the event is often ongoing, as the qualifying rounds of the competition take place over the three years preceding the final rounds. Since 1991, FIFA has also held the
Women's World Cup on a similar four-year schedule.
The tournament's final phase (often called the "World Cup Finals") involves thirty-two national teams competing at several venues (within the host nation or nations) over a period of about a month. It is the most widely-viewed sporting event in the world, with 1.1 billion people watching the
2002 tournament final.
[2002 FIFA World Cup TV Coverage, FIFA official website. Retrieved on May 13, 2006.]In eighteen tournaments held, only seven nations have won.
Brazil is the most successful World Cup team, having won the tournament five times. The current Cup holder,
Italy, follows with four titles, while
Germany holds three. The other former champions are
Uruguay and
Argentina with two titles each, and
England and
France with one title each. Of the ten World Cups staged in Europe, only one saw victory by a non-
European team, that being Brazil in
1958. When held outside Europe, the competition has only been won by
South American teams. Only two teams from outside these two continents have ever reached the semi-finals of the competition: the
USA (in
1930) and
South Korea (in
2002).
The
most recent football World Cup Finals were held between
June 9 and
July 9, 2006 in Germany, where
Italy were crowned champions after beating France 1-1 (5-3) in a penalty shoot-out.
Previous international competitions
The first international football match was played in
1872 between
Scotland and
England.
[England National Football Team Match No. 1] At this stage the sport was rarely played outside
Great Britain and
Ireland. As football began to increase in popularity, it was held as a
demonstration sport (with no medals awarded) at the
1900 and
1904 Summer Olympics, and at the
1906 Intercalated Games; football became an official competition at the
1908 Summer Olympics. Planned by
The Football Association, the event was for
amateur players only and was regarded suspiciously as a show rather than a competition. Great Britain (represented by the
England national amateur football team) won the event in both 1908 and
1912.
In 1906, there was an attempt made by
FIFA to arrange an international football tournament between nations outside of the Olympic framework in Switzerland. These were very early days for international football, and the official history of FIFA describes the competition as having been a failure.
[Where it all began FIFA official website. Retrieved on April 10 2006.]With the Olympic event continuing to be contested only between amateur teams, Sir
Thomas Lipton produced the
Sir Thomas Lipton Trophy tournament in
Turin in 1909. The Lipton tournament was a championship between individual clubs (not national teams) from different nations, each one of which represented an entire nation. For this reason, it was not really a forerunner of the World Cup. Notwithstanding, the competition is sometimes described as
The First World Cup,
['The First World Cup'. The Sir Thomas Lipton Trophy. Shrewsbury and Atcham Borough Council. Retrieved on April 112006.] and featured the most prestigious professional club sides from
Italy,
Germany and
Switzerland. The first tournament was won by
West Auckland, an
English amateur side from
County Durham, that was invited after the Football Association refused to be associated with the competition. West Auckland returned in 1911 to successfully defend their title, and were given the trophy to keep forever, as per the rules of the competition.
In 1914, FIFA agreed to recognise the Olympic tournament as a "world football championship for amateurs",
and took responsibility for managing the event. This paved the way for the world's
first intercontinental football competition, at the
1920 Summer Olympics, contested by
Egypt (who were
knocked out in their first match) and thirteen European teams. The golden medals were won by
Belgium.
[VII. Olympiad Antwerp 1920 Football Tournament rec.sport.soccer Statistics Foundation. Retrieved on June 10 2006.] Uruguay won the tournaments in
1924 and
1928. In 1928 FIFA made the decision to stage their own international tournament. With Uruguay now two-time official football world champions and to celebrate their
centenary of independence in 1930, FIFA named Uruguay as the host country.
The first official World Cup
The
1932 Summer Olympics, held in
Los Angeles, did not plan to include football as part of the schedule due to the low popularity of
football in the United States, as
American football had been growing in popularity. FIFA and the
IOC also disagreed over the status of amateur players, and so football was dropped from the Games.
[The Football World Cup - An Introduction, h2g2. Retrieved on May 13, 2006.] FIFA president
Jules Rimet thus planned the
inaugural World Cup tournament to be held in
Uruguay in 1930. The national associations of selected nations were invited to send a team, but the choice of Uruguay as a venue for the competition meant a long and costly trip across the
Atlantic Ocean for European sides. Indeed, no European country pledged to send a team until two months before the start of the competition.
[Uruguay 1930 FIFA World Cup site. Retrieved on January 9 2006.] Rimet eventually persuaded teams from Belgium, France, Romania, and Yugoslavia to make the trip. In total 13 nations took part " seven from
South America, four from
Europe and two from
North America.
The first two World Cup matches took place simultaneously, and were won by
France and the
USA, who beat
Mexico 4-1 and
Belgium 3-0, respectively. The first goal in World Cup history was scored by
Lucien Laurent of France. In the final,
Uruguay defeated
Argentina 4-2 in front of a crowd of 93,000 people in
Montevideo, and became the first nation to win a World Cup.
[FIFA World Cup Origin, FIFA Media Release. Retrieved on May 13, 2006.]Growth
The issues facing the early World Cup tournaments were the difficulties of intercontinental travel, and war. Few South American teams were willing to travel to Europe for the
1934 and
1938 tournaments, with Brazil the only South American team to compete in both. The 1942 and 1946 competitions were cancelled due to
World War II and its aftermath.
The
1950 World Cup was the first to include British participants. British teams withdrew from FIFA in 1920, partly out of unwillingness to play against the countries they had been at war with, and partly as a protest against a foreign influence to football,
[Scotland and the 1950 World Cup, BBC. Retrieved on May 13 2006.] but rejoined in 1946 following FIFA's invitation. The tournament also saw the return of 1930 champions Uruguay, who had boycotted the previous two World Cups. Uruguay won the tournament again.
In the tournaments between
1934 and
1978, 16 teams qualified for each finals tournament, except in 1938 and 1950 where teams withdrew after qualifying. Most were from Europe and Latin America, with a very small minority from
Africa,
Asia and
Oceania. These teams were usually defeated easily by the European and South American teams (with the notable exception of
North Korea, who reached the
1966 quarter-finals).
The finals were expanded to 24 teams in
1982, then 32 in
1998, allowing more teams from Africa, Asia and North America to take part. In recent years, these comparatively new participants have enjoyed more success, including
Morocco, reaching the knockout rounds in
1986;
Cameroon, quarter-finalists in
1990;
Saudi Arabia, reaching the knockout rounds in
1994;
Nigeria, reaching the knockout rounds in both 1994 and
1998;
Japan reaching the knockout rounds;
Senegal, quarter-finalists in
2002;
United States, also quarter-finalists in 2002;
South Korea, semi-finalists in 2002, and
Australia and
Ghana, both reaching the knockout rounds in
2006.
198 nations attempted to qualify for the
2006 FIFA World Cup, and all but three of the 207 FIFA member nations have previously entered the competition, with
Comoros,
East Timor and
Bhutan the only current members not yet to have entered (Comoros and East Timor were not FIFA members at the time of the qualifying draw for the 2006 tournament, and so have not yet had an opportunity to take part).
[Bhutan - team profile, FIFA World Cup site. Retrieved on May 13, 2006.] An equivalent tournament for
women's football, the
FIFA Women's World Cup, was first held in
1991 in
China.
:
From 1930 to 1970, the
Jules Rimet Trophy was awarded to the Cup winner. It was originally simply known as the
World Cup or
Coupe du Monde, but in 1946 it was renamed after the FIFA president who set up the first tournament. In
1970, Brazil's third victory in the tournament entitled them to keep the trophy permanently. However, the trophy was stolen in 1983, and has never been recovered.
[Jules Rimet Cup, FIFA World Cup site. Retrieved on May 13, 2006.]After 1970, a new trophy, known as the FIFA World Cup Trophy, was designed. This is not awarded to the winning nation permanently, irrespective of how many World Cups they win. Argentina, Germany (as West Germany), Italy and Brazil have all won the second trophy twice. It will not be retired until the name plaque has been entirely filled with the names of winning nations in 2038.
[The FIFA World Cup Trophy, Official Site of the 2002 FIFA World Cup. Retrieved on May 13, 2006.] The new trophy is 36 cm high, made of solid (fully gold) 18-
carat gold and weighs 10.97 kilogrammes. The base contains two layers of semi-precious
malachite while the bottom side of the Trophy bears the engraved year and name of each FIFA World Cup winner since 1974.
World Cup winners retain it until the next tournament and are awarded a gold-plated replica rather than the solid gold original.
Qualification
Since the second World Cup in
1934, qualifying tournaments have been held to thin the field for the final tournament. They are held within the six FIFA continental zones (Africa, Asia, North and Central America and Caribbean, South America, Oceania, Europe), overseen by their respective confederations. For each tournament, FIFA decides the number of places awarded to each of the continental zones beforehand, generally based on the relative strength of the confederations' teams, but also subject to lobbying from the confederations.
The qualification process can start as early as almost three years before the final tournament and last over a two-year period. The formats of the qualification tournaments differ between confederations. Usually, one or two places are awarded to winners of intercontinental
play-offs. For example, the winner of the Oceanian zone and the fifth-placed team from the South American zone entered a play-off to decide which team would qualify for the 2006 World Cup.
[Matches and Results, FIFA World Cup site. Retrieved on May 13, 2006.] From the
1938 World Cup onwards, host nations have received an automatic berth in the finals. This right also used to be granted to the defending champion, but from the
2006 finals onwards, this entitlement has been withdrawn, requiring the champions to qualify as well.
[Brazil's Juan warns against complacency, FIFA World Cup site. Retrieved on May 13, 2006.]Final tournament
The current finals tournament features 32 national teams competing over a month in the host nation(s). There are two stages: a
group stage followed by a
knockout stage.
In the group stage, teams compete within eight groups of four teams each. Eight teams are
seeded (based on both current
FIFA World Rankings and recent World Cups) and assigned to separate groups. The other teams are drawn at random. Since
1998, constraints have applied to the draw to ensure that no group contains more than two European teams or more than one team from any other confederation. Each group plays a
round-robin tournament, guaranteeing that every team will play at least three matches. The last round of matches of each group is held simultaneously to preserve fairness.
The top two teams from each group advance to the knockout stage. Points are used to rank the teams within a group. Since
1994,
three points have been awarded for a win, one for a draw and none for a loss (prior to this, winners received two points rather than three). If two or more teams end up with the same number of points, tie-breakers are used: first is
goal difference, then total goals scored, then head-to-head results, and finally drawing of lots (i.e. determining team positions at random).
Early World Cups were given to countries at meetings of FIFA's congress. The choice of location was highly controversial, given the three week boat journey between South America and Europe, the two centres of strength in football. The decision to hold the first cup in Uruguay, for example, led to only four European nations competing.[History of 1930 World Cup, BBC. Retrieved on May 13, 2006.] The next two world cups were both held in Europe. The decision to hold the second of these, the 1938 FIFA World Cup, in France was controversial, as the American countries had been led to understand that the World Cup would rotate between the two continents. Both Argentina and Uruguay thus boycotted the tournament.[France 1938, FIFA World Cup site. Retrieved on May 13, 2006.]
After the 1958 FIFA World Cup, to avoid any future boycotts or controversy, FIFA began a pattern of alternation between the Americas and Europe, which continued until the 1998 FIFA World Cup. The 2002 FIFA World Cup (hosted jointly by Japan and Korea) was the first one held in Asia, and in 2010, South Africa will become the first African nation to host the World Cup.
The 2014 FIFA World Cup was allocated to South America in 2003, allowing the ten member nations of CONMEBOL to bid in order to host. However, after a short period of time, every nation in the continent backed Brazil as the only viable host of the 2014 finals, creating the odd situation where the 2014 World Cup host was unofficially determined. However, it is not yet certain that Brazil will be able to host the competition; if the Brazilians pull out, there has been discussion of a proposed bid by Chile and Argentina to co-host the tournament as did Korea/Japan in 2002. Colombia is also considering a bid to host the 2014 World Cup. Otherwise, the tournament will be moved to another continent. Recently, FIFA president Sepp Blatter indicated that Brazil is "almost certain to be the hosts of the 2014 World Cup.[http://soccernet.espn.go.com/news/story?id=373231&cc=5739]"
The system evolved so that the host country is now chosen in a vote by FIFA's executive committee. This is done under a single transferable vote system. The decision is currently made six years in advance of the tournament.The World Cup was first televised in 1954 and is now the most widely-viewed and followed sporting event in the world, exceeding even the Olympic Games.[ http://www.fifa.com/fifa/pub/newsletter/fifanews.6-97.html FIFA Newsletter] by Joseph S. Blatter, FIFA General Secretary, June 1997. Retrieved on May 13, 2006.] The cumulative audience of the World Cup 2002 event - summing over all matches - is estimated to be 28.8 billion.["Socceroos face major challenge: Hiddink", ABC Sport, December 10, 2005. Retrieved on May 13, 2006.]
Each Football World Cup usually has its own mascot. World Cup Willie, the mascot for the 1966 competition, was the first World Cup mascot. Mascots for the World Cup 2006 are Goleo, a lion, and Pille, a football.
World Cup summaries
| Year | Host | | Final | | Third Place Match |
|---|
| Winner | Score | Runner-up | 3rd Place | Score | 4th Place |
|---|
1930
Details | Uruguay |
Uruguay | 4"2 |
Argentina |
USA
Yugoslavia | n/a[There was no official World Cup Third Place match in 1930 and no official third place was awarded; USA and Yugoslavia lost in the semi-finals.] | |
1934
Details | Italy |
Italy | 2"1
after extra time |
Czechoslovakia |
Germany | 3"2 |
Austria |
1938
Details | France |
Italy | 4"2 |
Hungary |
Brazil | 4"2 |
Sweden |
1950
Details | Brazil |
Uruguay | [There was no official World Cup final match in 1950. The tournament winner was decided by a final group contested by four teams (Uruguay, Brazil, Sweden, and Spain). However, Uruguay's 2-1 victory over Brazil (match known as Maracanazo), was the decisive match (and also coincidentally one of the last two matches of the tournament) which put them ahead on points and ensured that they finished top of the group as world champions. Sweden's 3-1 victory over Spain (played at the same time as Uruguay vs Brazil) likewise ensured that Sweden finished third.] |
Brazil |
Sweden | |
Spain |
1954
Details | Switzerland |
West Germany | 3"2 |
Hungary |
Austria | 3"1 |
Uruguay |
1958
Details | Sweden |
Brazil | 5"2 |
Sweden |
France | 6"3 |
West Germany |
1962
Details | Chile |
Brazil | 3"1 |
Czechoslovakia |
Chile | 1"0 |
Yugoslavia |
1966
Details | England |
England | 4"2
after extra time |
West Germany |
Portugal | 2"1 |
Soviet Union |
1970
Details | Mexico |
Brazil | 4"1 |
Italy |
West Germany | 1"0 |
Uruguay |
1974
Details | West Germany |
West Germany | 2"1 |
Netherlands |
Poland | 1"0 |
Brazil |
1978
Details | Argentina |
Argentina | 3"1
after extra time |
Netherlands |
Brazil | 2"1 |
Italy |
1982
Details | Spain |
Italy | 3"1 |
West Germany |
Poland | 3"2 |
France |
1986
Details | Mexico |
Argentina | 3"2 |
West Germany |
France | 4"2
after extra time |
Belgium |
1990
Details | Italy |
West Germany | 1"0 |
Argentina |
Italy | 2"1 |
England |
1994
Details | USA |
Brazil | 0"0
(3"2)
on penalties |
Italy |
Sweden | 4"0 |
Bulgaria |
1998
Details | France |
France | 3"0 |
Brazil |
Croatia | 2"1 |
Netherlands |
2002
Details | South Korea
& Japan |
Brazil | 2"0 |
Germany |
Turkey | 3"2 |
South Korea |
2006
Details | Germany |
Italy | 1-1
(5-3)
on penalties |
France |
Germany | 3"1 |
Portugal |
2010
Details | South Africa | colspan="3"|}
Successful national teams | Map of countries' best results |
In all, 207 teams have competed to qualify for the World Cup Finals, and 78 nations have qualified at least once. Of these, only eleven have made it to the final match, and only seven have won. The seven national teams that have won the World Cup have added stars to the crest, located on their shirt, each star representing a World Cup victory.
With five titles, Brazil is the most successful World Cup team and also the only nation to have participated in every World Cup Finals tournament so far. Italy follows with four titles, including the most recent one in 2006. Brazil and Italy are also the only nations to have won consecutive titles, each winning their first two titles back-to-back (Italy: 1934 and 1938; Brazil: 1958 and 1962). In 1970 and 1994, Brazil and Italy were finalists, each having a chance to become the first team to win a third title (and allowing them to keep the Jules Rimet trophy permanently) and a fourth title respectively. Brazil won both matches, and added a record fifth title in 2002.
Brazil and Germany are the only two teams ever to appear in three consecutive World Cup final matches (1994, 1998, 2002 and 1982, 1986, 1990, respectively). Brazil won two out of the three (1994, 2002), with Germany winning only one (1990; all three appearances as West Germany). Of the eighteen World Cup final matches, only twice have the same two teams contested the match. Brazil and Italy played in 1970 and 1994, and West Germany and Argentina in 1986 and 1990. Every final match has also featured one of Brazil, Italy, Germany, and Argentina.
Below is a list of teams that have finished in the top four in a World Cup. Germany lead all nations with 11 top four finishes. Brazil and Germany are tied for most appearances in the final match with seven each.| Team | Titles | Runners-up | Third-place!Fourth-place |
|---|
| bgcolor=#FFF68F|5 (1958, 1962, 1970, 1994, 2002) | 2 (1950*, 1998) | 2 (1938, 1978) | 1 (1974) | | bgcolor=#FFF68F|4 (1934*, 1938, 1982, 2006) | 2 (1970, 1994) | 1 (1990*) | 1 (1978) | | bgcolor=#FFF68F|3 (1954, 1974*, 1990) | 4 (1966, 1982, 1986, 2002) | 3 (1934, 1970, 2006*) | 1 (1958) | | bgcolor=#FFF68F|2 (1978*, 1986) | 2 (1930, 1990) | - | - | | bgcolor=#FFF68F|2 (1930*, 1950) | - | - | 2 (1954, 1970) | | bgcolor=#FFF68F|1 (1998*) | 1 (2006) | 2 (1958, 1986) | 1 (1982) | | bgcolor=#FFF68F|1 (1966*) | - | - | 1 (1990) | | - | 2 (1974, 1978) | - | 1 (1998) | | # | - | 2 (1934, 1962) | - | - | | - | 2 (1938, 1954) | - | - | | - | 1 (1958*) | 2 (1950, 1994) | 1 (1938) | | - | - | 2 (1974, 1982) | - | | - | - | 1 (1954) | 1 (1934) | | - | - | 1 (1966) | 1 (2006) | | - | - | 1 (1962*) | - | | - | - | 1 (1998) | - | | - | - | 1 (2002) | - | | # | - | - | 1 (1930) | 1 (1962) | | - | - | 1 (1930) | - | | - | - | - | 1 (1950) | | # | - | - | - | 1 (1966) | | - | - | - | 1 (1986) | | - | - | - | 1 (1994) | | - | - | - | 1 (2002*) | |
* = hosts# = now compete as independent countriesPerformances by host nationsSix of the seven champions have won one of their titles while playing in their own homeland, the exception being Brazil, who lost the deciding match (known as Maracanazo) when they hosted the 1950 tournament.
England (1966) and France (1998) won their only titles while playing as host nations. Uruguay (1930), Italy (1934) and Argentina (1978) won their first titles as host nations but have gone on to win again, while Germany (1974) won their second cup title on home soil.
Other nations have also been successful during their spell as hosts. Sweden (runners-up in 1958), Chile (third place in 1962), South Korea (fourth place in 2002), Mexico (quarterfinals in 1970 and 1986) and Japan (second round in 2002) all have their best results when serving as hosts. In fact, all host nations have progressed at least beyond the first round. The success of the host in the Cup is a major reason why nations actively lobby to be selected as hosts, as they seek to gain the advantage of a supportive crowd.Best performances by continental zonesTo date, the final of the World Cup has only been contested by European and South American teams. The two continents have won nine titles apiece. Only two teams from outside these two continents have ever reached the semi-finals of the competition: the USA (in 1930) and South Korea (in 2002). African teams have had some success of late but have never reached the semi-finals. Oceania have only been represented in the World Cup three times, and only once did a Oceanian team reached the second round.
Interestingly, all World Cups won by European teams have taken place in Europe. The only non-European team to win in Europe is Brazil in 1958. Only twice had consecutive World Cups been won by teams from the same continent - when Italy and Brazil successfully defended their titles in 1938 and 1962 respectively.| Confederation (continent) | Best performance |
|---|
| UEFA (Europe) | 9 titles, won by Italy (4), Germany (3), England (1), and France (1) | | CONMEBOL (South America) | 9 titles, won by Brazil (5), Argentina (2), and Uruguay (2) | | CONCACAF (North, Central America and the Caribbean) | Semifinal (USA, 1930) | | AFC (Asia) | Fourth place (South Korea, 2002) | | CAF (Africa) | Quarterfinal (Cameroon, 1990; Senegal, 2002) | | OFC (Oceania) | Second Round (Australia, 2006)[Australia represented the OFC after qualifying through the Oceanian zone as an OFC member, even though they've left the OFC and joined the AFC in 2006.] |
At the end of each World Cup final tournament, awards are presented to the players and teams for accomplishments other than final team position in the tournament. There are currently six awards:
*The adidas Golden shoe (formerly called the Golden Shoe, or, sometimes, the Golden Boot, first awarded in 1930) for top goal scorer;
*The adidas Golden Ball for best player (formerly called the Golden Ball, first awarded in 1982);
*The Yashin Award for best goalkeeper (first awarded in 1994);
*The FIFA Fair Play Trophy for the team with the best record of fair play (first awarded in 1978);
*The FIFA Most Entertaining Team award for the team that has entertained the public the most during the World Cup final tournament, as determined by a poll of the general public, first awarded in 1994;
*The Gillette Best Young Player award for best player under-21 years of age at the start of the calendar year, first awarded in 2006.An All-Star Team comprising of the best players of the tournament, is also announced for each tournament since 1998.Overall top goalscorers| Goals | Scorers |
|---|
| 15 | Ronaldo | | 14 | Gerd Müller | | 13 | Just Fontaine | | 12 | Pelé | | 11 | Jürgen Klinsmann, Sándor Kocsis | | 10 | Gabriel Batistuta, Teófilo Cubillas, Miroslav Klose, Grzegorz Lato, Gary Lineker, Helmut Rahn | | 9 | Ademir[There was a controversy regarding the number of goals scored by the Ademir in 1950 because of incomplete data from the final group round game against Spain, that ended in a 6-1 victory for Brazil. The first goal had been credited to Spanish defender Parra as an own goal, and the fifth Brazilian goal was credited to Jair. However, recently FIFA credited Ademir with both these goals, thus making him the 1950 World Cup top scorer, with nine goals.], Roberto Baggio, Eusébio, Jairzinho, Leônidas[In some sources. Leônidas was credited with nine goals in the 1938 tournament, mis-crediting one Brazilian goal in the first-round match against Poland. However, FIFA credits him with only eight goals in 1938, meaning he scored a total of nine goals overall (he scored one goal in 1934).], Paolo Rossi, Karl-Heinz Rummenigge, Uwe Seeler, Vavá, Christian Vieri | | 8 | Diego Maradona, Omar Oscar Míguez, Rivaldo, Guillermo Stábile, Rudi Völler | | 7 | Careca, Johnny Rep, Hans Schäfer, Andrzej Szarmach, Lajos Tichy | | 6 | Bebeto, Dennis Bergkamp, Zbigniew Boniek, Helmut Haller, Thierry Henry, Josef Hügi, Mario Kempes, Lothar Matthäus, Max Morlock, Oldřich Nejedlý[Some sources credit Nejedlý with five goals in 1934, but FIFA considers him as having scored only four, meaning he scored a total of six goals overall (he scored two goals in 1938).], Erich Probst, Rob Rensenbrink, Rivelino, Oleg Salenko, György Sárosi, Totò Schillaci, Hristo Stoichkov, Davor Šuker |
Fastest goals
*2006 FIFA World Cup
*FIFA Women's World Cup
*FIFA Club World Cup
*Homeless World Cup
*FIFA World Cup mascot
*List of national football teams
*List of other competitions named World Cup
*List of sporting events
*FIFA World Cup goalscorers
*FIFA World Cup balls
*FIFA World Cup, goals with disputed scorers
*FIFA World Cup milestone goals
* FIFA official site
* FIFA World Cup Germany 2006 Official Site
* FIFA Official Ranking of all Participants at Finals 1930-2002 (PDF)
* FIFA Match Results for all Stages 1930-2002
* Official FIFA World Cup Charity Campaign
*Information on world cup
zh-yue:FIFA世界盃足球賽
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