Friedrich Mohs
Friedrich Mohs (
January 29,
1773 -
September 29,
1839) was a
German geologist/
mineralogist. Mohs, born in
Gernrode, Germany, studied
chemistry,
mathematics and
physics at the
University of Halle and also studied at the Mining Academy in Freiberg,
Saxony. After assuming the position of a foreman at a
mine in 1801, Mohs moved in 1802 to
Austria, where he was employed in trying to identify the
minerals in a private collection of a Banker. As part of this task, he started classifying minerals by their physical characteristics, in spite of their chemical composition, as had been done traditionally. This emphasis on physical characteristics was at odds with the prevailing chemical systematics. Minerals are now classified by chemical characteristics, but the physical properties are still useful in field examination. In 1812, Mohs became professor in
Graz; in 1818, professor in
Freiberg, Saxony; in 1826, professor in
Vienna. He created a
hardness scale that is still used today called the
Mohs' scale of mineral hardness. Mohs died during a trip to
Italy in
Agordo near
Belluno.
