House arrest
For the film, see House Arrest (film).In
justice and
law,
house arrest is the situation where a person is confined by the authorities to his or her
residence.
Travel is usually restricted, if allowed at all. House arrest is a lenient alternative to
prison time or juvenile-detention time.
While house arrest can be applied to common criminal cases when prison does not seem an appropriate measure, the term is often applied to the use of house confinement as a measure of repression of
authoritarian governments against political
dissidents. In that case, typically, the person under house arrest does not have access to
means of communication. If electronic communication is allowed, conversations will be
censored.
Nowadays, in technologically advanced countries, house arrest is often enforced with the use of an electronic sensor locked to the offender's
ankle. The offender will not be able to remove the tracking device. If the subject and the sensor venture too far from the home, the violation is recorded and the proper authorities are summoned.
*
Ahmed Ben Bella Former
President of Algeria deposed by
Houari Boumédiènne in 1965, went to exile in 1980.
*
Rafael Videla Former
President of Argentina*
Aung San Suu Kyi, Pro-
democracy activist, has been under house arrest for extended periods. She is presently confined to her home in Rangoon yet again, under her third period of house arrest. Each of her three house arrests has been declared arbitrary by the UN's Working Group on Arbitrary Detention.
*
Ne Win Former military commander of Burma. He was deposed in
1988 and put under house arrest in
2001.
*
Pol Pot Former Premier of Cambodia. He was deposed when
Vietnam attacked Cambodia in
1978.
* In
January 5,
2005, former dictator
Augusto Pinochet was placed under house arrest by orders of the
Supreme Court of Chile.
*
Zhao Ziyang, purged
Communist Chinese leader, was put under house arrest for the last 16 years of his life after the
Tiananmen Square protests of 1989. His movements had to be approved by the
Communist Party of China's Central Office, which only allowed him to travel quietly to different places inside China and to play golf.
*
Jiang Yanyong, physician who revealed SARS incident in China. He was put under house arrest after requesting the government to investigate the June 4 Tiananmen incident.
*
Muhammad Naguib, Former
President of Egypt. He led a military coup in 1953 and deposed the former
King Farouk. He was in turn deposed by
Gamal Nasser in
1954.
*
Ahmed Sukarno, First
President of Indonesia. He was deposed in
1967 by
General Suharto,
*
Mohammed Mossadeq , Former
Premier of Iran. Was deposed in
1953.
*
Zulfikar Ali Bhutto, Former
Premier and
President of Pakistan. He was deposed in
1977 in a
military coup led by General
Muhammad Zia-ul-Haq he was put to trial and hanged later in 1979.
*
Galileo Galilei was put under house arrest for his belief in Copernicus's theory of the sun in the middle of the universe and all the planets and stars revolving around it. He stayed under house arrest until 1642 when he died.
*
Chia Thye Poh, former leftist Member of Parliament, was arrested without charges and held under detention without trial in
1966. 22 years later, he was released and placed under house arrest in a guardhouse on the resort island of
Sentosa and made to pay the rent, on the pretext that he was now a "free" man.
*
Bram Fischer, former
South African Communist Party leader, was diagnosed with cancer while in prison and was placed under house arrest due to pressure from the anti-
aparthied groups
*
Habib Bourguiba, Former
President of Tunisia. He was deposed in a military coup in
1987.
*
Muhammad VIII al-Amin, former king of Tunisia, he was deposed in
1957 by Habib Bourguiba.
*
Riddick Bowe, a former
boxing champion, was sentenced to be under brief house arrest after being released from prison.
*
Lionel Tate was sentenced under one-year house arrest under the terms of the plea bargain offered in January
2004.
*
Martha Stewart was sentenced to five months of house arrest following her release from prison on
March 4,
2005.
* Rapper and music producer
Dr. Dre spent time under house arrest. He told VH1's "Behind the Music," "The walls started to cave in on me."
* Former
Premier Nikita Khrushchev was placed under house arrest for the seven years before his death after being deposed in
1964.
*Provision to detain terrorist suspects under house arrest without
trial has been made possible by the controversial
Prevention of Terrorism Act 2005; 10 men are currently (March 2005) under house arrest or other "Control Orders" under the Act.
[http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/uk_news/politics/4342717.stm]*
Internment*
Curfew*
Exile*
Grounding (punishment)
