Human anatomy
Human anatomy or
anthropotomy is a special field within
anatomy. It studies structures and systems of the
human body, leaving the study of tissues to
histology and cells to
cytology. The human body, like the bodies of all
animals, consists of systems, that consist of
organs, that consist of
tissues, that consist of
cells.
See
History of anatomy for a history of anatomy, including human anatomy.
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Circulatory system: blood circulations with heart and blood vessels
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Digestive system: processing food with mouth, stomach and intestines
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Endocrine system: communicating within the body using hormones
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Immune system: defending against disease-causing agents
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Integumentary system: skin, hair and nails
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Lymphatic system: structures involved in the transfer of lymph between tissues and the blood stream
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Muscular system: moving the body
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Nervous system: collecting, transferring and processing information with brain and nerves
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Reproductive system: the sex organs
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Respiratory system: the organs used for breathing, the lungs
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Skeletal system: structural support and protection through bones
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Urinary system: the kidneys and associated structures involved in the production and excretion of urine
Common names of well known parts of the human body, from top to bottom ::
Skin:
Head —
Forehead —
Eye —
Ear —
Nose —
Mouth —
Tongue —
Teeth —
Jaw —
Face —
Cheek —
Chin:
Neck —
Throat —
Adam's apple —
Shoulders:
Arm —
Elbow —
Wrist —
Hand —
Fingers —
Thumb:
Spine —
Chest —
Breast —
Ribcage:
Abdomen —
Belly button —
Sex organs (
Penis/
Scrotum or
Clitoris/
Vagina) —
Rectum —
Anus:
Hip —
Buttocks —
Leg —
Thigh —
Knee —
Calf —
Heel —
Ankle —
Foot —
Toes
Common names of internal organs (in alphabetical order) ::
Adrenals —
Appendix —
Bladder —
Brain —
Duodenum —
Eyes —
Gall bladder —
Heart —
Intestines —
Kidney —
Liver —
Lungs —
Ovaries —
Pancreas —
Parathyroids —
Pituitary —
Prostate —
Skin —
Spleen —
Stomach —
Testicles —
Thymus —
Thyroid —
Veins —
Wombgroin:
Amygdala —
Brainstem —
Cerebellum —
Cerebral cortex —
Hypothalamus —
Limbic system —
medulla —
midbrain —
Pituitary gland —
pons :See also:
Human brain,
List of regions in the human brainOesophagus
Certain professions, especially
medicine and
physiotherapy, require the study of human anatomy in depth. Textbooks usually split the body into the following regional groups:
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Head and
Neck â€" includes everything above the
thoracic inlet*
Upper limb â€" includes everything from your
hand,
forearm,
arm,
shoulder,
axilla,
pectoral region and
scapular region.
*
Thorax â€" contains the region of the chest from the
thoracic inlet to the
thoracic diaphragm.
*
Abdomen â€" everything from the thoracic diaphragm to the
pelvic brim or to the
pelvic inlet.
* The back â€" about the spine and its components, the
intervertebral disks and
bodies*
Pelvis and
Perineum â€" the pelvis consists of everything from the
pelvic inlet to the
pelvic diaphragm. The perineum is the region between the
genital area and the
anus.
*
Lower limb â€" the lower limb is usually everything below the
inguinal ligament, including the
thigh, the
hip joint, the
leg, and the
foot.
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Anatomy*
Body orifices
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Death â€" physical consequences of death
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Human*
Human biology*
Terms for anatomical location*
List of human anatomical features*
List of human anatomical parts named after people*
List of regions in the human brain*
List of bones of the human skeleton*
List of muscles of the human body*
List of distinct cell types in the adult human body