INSEE
INSEE (
French:
Institut
National de la
Statistique et des
Études
Économiques) is the
French National Institute for
Statistics and Economic Studies. It collects and publishes information on the
French economy and French society, carrying out the periodic national
census. It is located in
Paris.
INSEE is responsible for the production and the analysis of the official statistics in France. Its best known responsibilities include:
*Organizing and publishing the census
*Producing various indices which are widely recognised as being of excellent quality, including a price index measuring
inflation, indices used for determining the rates of rents and the costs associated with construction.
*Constitutes the French "wing" of
Eurostat (as Eurostat does not directly have bodies working in member states, but uses local organizations) and is widely recognized as representing France on international questions of statistics.
INSEE is the responsibility of
MINEFI, the French Ministry of Finance, (French:
Ministère de l
'Économie, des
Finances et de l
'Industrie). Its current director is
Jean-Michel Charpin.
INSEE codes and numbers
INSEE gives numerical indexing codes (French:
les Codes INSEE) to various entities in France:
*
INSEE codes (known as
COG) are given to various administrative units, notably the French
communes (they do not coincide with
postcodes). The 'complete' code has 8 digits and 3 spaces within, but there is a popular 'simplified' code with 5 digits and no space within :
**2 digits (
département) and 3 digits (commune) for the 96
départements of
Metropolitan France**3 digits (
département or collectivity) and 2 digits (commune) for the
Overseas departments,
Overseas Territorial Collectivities and
Overseas Countries and Territories. See also :
:fr:Code INSEE#Code communal.
*
INSEE numbers (13 digits + a two-digit key) are
national identification numbers given to people.
Their format is as follows:
syymmlllllooo kk, where
**
s is 1 for a male, 2 for a female,
**
yy are the last two digits of the year of birth,
**
mm is the month of birth,
**
lllll is the COG for the location of birth,
**
ooo is an order number to distinguish people being born at the same place in the same year and month.
** 'kk' is the "control key", equal to 97-(the rest of the number
modulo 97).
There are exceptions for people in particular situations. [
1]
*
SIREN codes are given to
businesses and
nonprofit associations,
SIRET codes to their establishments and facilities (
SIRENE database).
Teaching and Research
Research and teaching for INSEE is undertake by GENES, or
Group of the National Schools of the Economy and Statistics (French:
Groupe des
Écoles
Nationales d
'Économie et
Statistique which includes:
*ENSAE (
L'École nationale de la statistique et de l'administration économique), a "grande école" which trains INSEE administrators and engineers specialized in statistics, the economy, and finance.
*ENSAI, (
L'École nationale de la statistique et de l'analyse de l'information), an
engineering school.
Public Statistics in France before INSEE
INSEE was preceded by several organizations responsible for the production of public statistics. In
1833, the Statistics Bureau (French:
Bureau de la statistique) was created by
Adolphe Thiers. In
1840 it was renamed
SGF or
General Statistics of France (French:
Statistique
générale de la
France).
Under the direction of
Lucien March, the SGF expanded its activities. It began investigation of consumption habits in
1907, following with the periodic investigations on the retail prices in
1911. In
1920 Alfred Sauvy introduced competitive entrance exams for SGF recruitment.
However, it was
Rene Carmille, a pioneer of the use of the
calculators, who laid the foundations of the modern organization. In
1940, the
"Demographic Service" (French:
service de la Démographie) was created under the Ministry of Finance in order to replace the military recruitment office prohibited by the Armistice with Nazi Germany. In order to better conceal its undertakings, the Demographic Service absorbed the SGF on
11 October,
1941. The new organization was called the
SNS or
National Statistics Service (French:
''Service
national des
Statistiques). As part of this reorganization, six new offices were created in the Northern (occupied) zone whose regional structure is maintained today in INSEE.
Rene Carmille created an Applied Sciences School (predecessor of the current
ENSAE) in order to specially train mebers for the SNS .
Creation of INSEE
The SNS was finally transformed into INSEE in 1946 by the law of
27 April 1946,
The National Institute of Statistics and Economic Surveys for the metropolis and overseas France (French:
L'Institut national de la statistique et des études économiques pour la métropole et la France d'outre-mer).
List of Directors of INSEE
*
Francis-Louis Closon 1946-
1961*
Claude Gruson 1961-
1967*
Jean Ripert 1967-
1974*
Edmond Malinvaud 1974-
1987*
Jean-Claude Milleron 1987-
1992*
Paul Champsaur 1992-
2003*
Jean-Michel Charpin 2003*
Official site
