July 1
July 1 is the 182nd day of the year (183rd in
leap years) in the
Gregorian Calendar, with 183 days remaining. It is known to be the middle of a leap year.
*
251 â€" The
battle of Abrittus is won by
Goths against
Romans.
Roman Emperors
Decius and
Herennius Etruscus are killed.
*
1097 -
Battle of Dorylaeum:
Crusaders under
Bohemond of Taranto defeat a
Seljuk army under
Qilich Arslan I.
*
1690 -
Battle of the Boyne as reckoned under
Julian calendar.
*
1782 -
American privateers attack
Lunenburg,
Nova Scotia.
*
1858 - The joint reading of
Charles Darwin and
Alfred Russel Wallace's papers on
evolution to the
Linnean Society.
*
1862 -
Russian State Library is founded.
*1862 -
American Civil War: The
Battle of Malvern Hill takes place, the final battle in the
Seven Days Campaign, part of the
George McClellan's
Peninsula Campaign.
*
1863 -
American Civil War: the
Battle of Gettysburg begins.
*
1867 - The
British North America Act, 1867 takes effect as the
Constitution of Canada, creating the
Canadian Confederation;
John A. Macdonald sworn as first
Prime Minister.
*
1870 - The
United States Department of Justice formally comes into existence.
*
1873 -
Prince Edward Island joins the
Canadian Confederation.
*
1878 -
Canada joins the
Universal Postal Union.
*
1881 - World's first international
telephone call takes place between
St. Stephen, New Brunswick,
Canada, and
Calais, Maine,
USA.
*1881 -
General Order 70, the culmination of the
Cardwell-Childers reforms of the
British Army's organisation, came into effect.
*
1885 -
United States terminates
reciprocity and
fishery agreement with
Canada.
*
1890 -
Canada and
Bermuda linked by
telegraph cable.
*
1916 -
First day on the Somme: On the first day of the
Battle of the Somme 20,000 soldiers of the
British Army are killed and 40,000 wounded.
*
1921 -
Communist Party of China was founded.
*
1933 -
Canadian Parliament suspends all
Chinese immigration.
*
1935 -
Regina, Saskatchewan police and
Royal Canadian Mounted Police ambush strikers participating in
On-to-Ottawa-Trek.
*
1942 -
World War II:
First Battle of El Alamein.
*
1943 -
Tokyo City merged with
Tokyo Prefecture and was dissolved. Since then, no city in
Japan has had the name "
Tokyo." (Present-day
Tokyo is not a city.)
*
1948 -
Quaid-i-Azam inaugrates
Pakistan's
central bank, the
State Bank of Pakistan.
*
1957 - The
International Geophysical Year begins (until
December 31,
1958).
*
1958 - The
Canadian Broadcasting Corporation links
television broadcasting across
Canada via
microwave.
*1958 - Flooding of the
St. Lawrence Seaway begins.
*
1959 - The
Party of the African Federation (
PFA) holds its
constitutive conference.
*
1960 -
Independence of
Somalia.
*
1962 -
Independence of
Rwanda.
*1962 -
Independence of
Burundi.
*
1963 -
ZIP Codes are introduced for
United States mail.
*1963 - The
British Government admits that former
diplomat Kim Philby had worked as a
Soviet agent.
*1963 -
The Beatles release
She Loves You as a
single in the
United Kingdom.
*
1966 - First
colour television transmission in
Canada, from
Toronto.
*
1967 - The
European Community is formally created out of a merger with the
Common Market, the
European Coal and Steel Community, and the
European Atomic Energy Commission.
*
1968 - The
CIA's Phoenix Program is officially established.
*1968 - The
Nuclear non-proliferation treaty signed by about sixty countries in
Geneva,
Switzerland.
*1968 - Formal separation of the
United Auto Workers from the
AFL-CIO.
*
1970 - President General
Yahya Khan abolished One-Unit of
West Pakistan restoring the provinces.
*
1972 -
Andreas Baader,
Jan-Carl Raspe and
Holger Meins of the
Red Army Faction are captured in
Frankfurt after a shootout with the
police.
*
1972 - First
Gay Pride march in
England*
1976 -
Portugal granted autonomy to
Madeira.
*
1979 -
Sony introduces the
Walkman.
*
1980 -
O Canada officially becomes the
national anthem of
Canada.
*
1983 - A
North Korean Ilyushin Il-62M jet en route to
Conakry Airport in
Guinea crashes into the
Fouta Djall Mountains in
Guinea-Bissau, killing all 23 people on board.
*
1987 - Excavation begins on the
Channel Tunnel.
*
1988 -
Bologna,
Italy:
Quartetto Cetra's last concert after over forty years' musical career.
*
1990 -
East Germany accepts the
Deutsche Mark as its currency, thus uniting the economies of East and
West Germany.
*
1991 - The
Warsaw Pact is officially dissolved at a meeting in
Prague.
*
1997 - The
United Kingdom hands
sovereignty over
Hong Kong to the
People's Republic of China.
*
1999 - The
Scottish Parliament is officially opened by
Queen Elizabeth on the day powers are officially transferred from the old
Scottish Office in
London to the new devolved
Scottish Executive in
Edinburgh.
*
2000 -
Vermont's
civil unions law goes into effect.
*
2001 -
Aliso Viejo officially becomes the 34th city in
Orange County, California.
*
2002 - A
Bashkirian Airlines Tupolev TU-154 and a
DHL (German cargo)
Boeing 757 collide in mid-air over
Ueberlingen,
southern Germany, killing 71.
*
2003 - In
Hong Kong, 500,000 people
march to protest a new anti-subversion law.
*
2004 - In
Hong Kong, 530,000 people march to urge a faster pace of
democratisation and
universal suffrage.
*2004 -
Saturn Orbit Insertion of
Cassini-Huygens begins at 01:12 and ends at 02:48 .
*2004 -
Horst Köhler becomes the
Federal President of
Germany.
*
2005 - Revaluation of the
Romanian Leu.
*
2006 - The first operation of
Qinghai-Tibet Railway in
China.
*2006 -
Austria hands over
Presidency of the
European Union to
Finland.
*
1481 - King
Christian II of Denmark, Sweden and Norway (d.
1559)
*
1506 - King
Louis II of Hungary and Bohemia (d.
1526)
*
1534 - King
Frederick II of Denmark (d.
1588)
*
1574 -
Joseph Hall, English bishop and writer (d.
1656)
*
1586 -
Claudio Saracini, Italian composer (d.
1630)
*
1633 -
Johann Heinrich Heidegger, Swiss theologian (d.
1698)
*
1646 -
Gottfried Wilhelm Leibniz, German mathematician (d.
1716)
*
1676 -
Anthony Collins, English philosopher (d.
1729)
*
1723 -
Pedro RodrÃguez, Conde de Campomanes, Spanish statesman (d.
1802)
*
1725 -
Comte de Rochambeau, French soldier (d.
1807)
*
1742 -
Georg Christoph Lichtenberg, German physicist (d.
1799)
*
1804 -
George Sand, French writer (d.
1876)
*
1807 -
Thomas Green Clemson, American university founder (d.
1888)
*
1818 -
Ignaz Semmelweis, Hungarian physician (d.
1865)
*
1863 -
William Stairs, Canadian explorer (d.
1892)
*
1869 -
William Strunk Jr., American grammarian (d.
1946)
*
1872 -
Louis Blériot, French aviation pioneer (d.
1936)
*
1879 -
Léon Jouhaux, French labor leader,
Nobel laureate (d.
1954)
*
1899 -
Thomas A. Dorsey, American father of gospel music (d.
1993)
* 1899 -
Charles Laughton, English actor (d.
1962)
*
1902 -
William Wyler, French-born film director (d.
1981)
*
1903 -
Amy Johnson, English pilot (d.
1941)
*
1906 -
Estée Lauder, American entrepreneur (d.
2004)
*
1908 -
Peg Entwistle, Welsh actress (d.
1932)
*
1909 -
Bill Stern, American sportscaster (d.
1971)
*
1912 -
David R. Brower, American environmentalist (d.
2000)
*1912 -
Sally Kirkland, American fashion editor (d.
1989)
*
1913 -
Frank Barrett, Baseball player (d.
1998)
*
1915 -
Willie Dixon, American musician (d.
1992)
*
1915 -
Joseph Ransohoff, The father of modern
neurosurgery (d.
2001)
*
1916 -
Olivia de Havilland, British actress
*
1917 -
Humphry Osmond, British psychiatrist
*
1920 -
Harold Sakata, Japanese-American actor (d.
1982)
*
1921 -
Seretse Khama, first
President of Botswana*
1925 -
Farley Granger, American actor
*
1926 -
Robert Fogel, American economist,
Nobel laureate* 1926 -
Hans Werner Henze, German composer
* 1926 -
Carl Hahn, German automotive executive
*
1929 -
Gerald Edelman, American biologist,
Nobel laureate*
1930 -
Bobby Day, American singer (d.
1990)
*
1931 -
Leslie Caron, French actress
*
1934 -
Jamie Farr, American actor
* 1934 -
Jean Marsh, English actress
* 1934 -
Sydney Pollack, American film director
*
1938 -
Craig Anderson, American baseball player
*
1941 -
Alfred G. Gilman, American scientist,
Nobel laureate* 1941 -
Myron Scholes, American economist,
Nobel laureate* 1941 -
Twyla Tharp, American choreographer
* 1941 -
Rod Gilbert, Canadian hockey player
*
1942 -
Karen Black, American actress
* 1942 -
Geneviève Bujold, Canadian actress
* 1942 -
Andraé Crouch, American singer
*
1945 -
Deborah Harry, American musician, (
Blondie)
*
1946 -
June Montiero, American singer (
Toys)
*
1949 -
John Farnham, Australian singer
*
1950 -
John S. Chen, Hong Kong businessman
*
1951 -
Fred Schneider, American singer (
The B-52's)
*
1952 -
Dan Aykroyd, Canadian actor
*
1961 -
Kalpana Chawla, astronaut(d.
2003)
* 1961 -
Diana, Princess of Wales, (d.
1997)
* 1961 -
Carl Lewis, American athlete
* 1961 -
Michelle Wright, Canadian musician
* 1961 -
Malcolm Elliott, British cyclist
*
1963 -
Roddy Bottum, American musician (
Faith No More,
Imperial Teen)
*
1965 -
Harald Zwart, Norwegian film director
*
1967 -
Pamela Anderson, Canadian model and actress
*
1968 -
Tim Abell, American film and television actor
*
1971 -
Missy "Misdemeanor" Elliott, American singer
* 1971 -
Julianne Nicholson, American actress
*
1972 -
Claire Forlani, American actress
*
1975 -
Sufjan Stevens, American musician
*
1976 -
Patrick Kluivert, Dutch footballer
* 1976 -
Ruud van Nistelrooy, Dutch footballer
*
1977 -
Jarome Iginla, Canadian hockey player
* 1977 -
Liv Tyler, American actress
*
1981 -
Tadhg Kennelly, Australian footballer
*
1982 -
Adrian Ward, American football player
* 1982 -
Carmella DeCesare, American model
* 1982 -
Hilarie Burton, American actress
*
1989 -
Simon Peter Hughes, British actor
*
1991 -
Kayla, female orca at Seaworld
*
251 -
Decius,
Roman Emperor (b.
207)
* 251 -
Herennius Etruscus,
Roman Emperor (b. ca.
227)
*
868 -
Ali al-Hadi, Shia Imam (b.
828)
*
1109 - King
Alfonso VI of Castile (b.
1040)
*
1277 -
Baibars, Mameluk sultan of Egypt (b.
1223)
*
1592 -
Marc Antonio Ingegneri, Italian composer
*
1614 -
Isaac Casaubon, French-born classical scholar (b.
1559)
*
1622 -
William Parker, 4th Baron Monteagle, British politician (b.
1575)
*
1681 -
Oliver Plunkett, Irish saint (b.
1629)
*
1708 - Emperor
Tekle Haymanot I of Ethiopia (b.
1706)
*
1774 -
Henry Fox, 1st Baron Holland, English statesman (b.
1705)
*
1782 -
Charles Watson-Wentworth, 2nd Marquess of Rockingham,
Prime Minister of the United Kingdom (b.
1730)
*
1784 -
Wilhelm Friedemann Bach, German composer (b.
1710)
*
1819 -
Jemima Wilkinson, American preacher (b.
1752)
*
1860 -
Charles Goodyear, American inventor (b.
1800)
*
1863 -
John Fulton Reynolds, Union General,
American Civil War (b.
1820)
*
1894 -
Allan Pinkerton, American private detective (b.
1819)
*
1896 -
Harriet Beecher Stowe, American author (b.
1811)
*
1925 -
Erik Satie, French composer (b.
1866)
*
1944 -
Tanya Savicheva, Russian diarist (b.
1930)
*
1948 -
Achille Varzi, Italian race car driver (b.
1904)
*
1950 -
Eliel Saarinen, Finnish architect (b.
1873)
*
1961 -
Louis-Ferdinand Céline, French writer (b.
1894)
*
1964 -
Pierre Monteux, French conductor (b.
1875)
*
1965 -
Wally Hammond, English cricketer (b.
1903)
*
1971 -
William Lawrence Bragg, English physicist,
Nobel Prize laureate (b.
1890)
*
1974 -
Juan Perón,
President of Argentina (b.
1895)
*
1981 -
Carlos de Oliveira, Portuguese writer (b.
1921)
*1981 -
Rushton Moreve, American bass player (b.
1948)
*
1983 -
R. Buckminster Fuller, American architect and philosopher (b.
1903)
*
1984 -
Moshe Feldenkrais, Ukrainian-born educator (b.
1904)
*
1991 -
Michael Landon, American actor (b.
1936)
*
1992 -
Francisco Mendes, Guinea-Bissauan politician (b.
1933)
*
1995 -
Wolfman Jack, American radio personality (b.
1939)
*
1996 -
William T. Cahill, Governor of New Jersey (b.
1904)
*
1997 -
Robert Mitchum, American actor (b.
1917)
*
1999 -
Edward Dmytryk, Canadian-born film director (b.
1908)
*1999 -
Guy Mitchell, American popular singer (b.
1927)
*1999 -
Forrest Mars Sr., American candy magnate (b.
1904)
*1999 -
Sylvia Sidney, American actress (b.
1910)
*
2000 -
Walter Matthau, American actor (b.
1920)
*
2001 -
Nikolay Basov, Russian physicist,
Nobel Prize laureate (b.
1922)
*
2003 -
Herbie Mann, American jazz flutist (b.
1930)
*2003 -
Wesley Mouzon, American boxer (b.
1927)
*2003 -
N!xau, Namibian actor (b.
1944)
*
2004 -
Peter Barnes, English writer (b.
1931)
*2004 -
Marlon Brando, American actor (b.
1924)
*
2005 -
Luther Vandross, American singer (b.
1951)
*2005 -
Obie Benson, American musician (b.
1936)
*
2006 -
Fred Trueman English cricketer (b.
1931)
*
Canada Day (formerly
Dominion Day) - national holiday of
Canada.
**
Moving Day in the
province of
Québec**
Memorial Day in the
province of
Newfoundland and Labrador.
*
Hong Kong Special Administrative Region Establishment Day.
*
Surinam Keti Koti (
Breaking of Chains)
Day of Liberty; On
July 1,
1863 slavery was abolished.
*In
Bulgaria, there is a tradition called
July Morning dating from the
hippy period in
1980s and maybe as far back as the
1970s. Young (and not so young) people from all over the country travel (often hitchhike) to the
Black Sea coast to meet the first sun rays on the 1st of July. Naturally
Uriah Heep's
July Morning is the main refrain. Although the tradition is linked to the
hippy movement in
America, it is still popular in
Bulgaria. Strangely, it seems that there is no such tradition in other
European countries.
*
U.S. - Kids' Day - (Unofficial). Observed on July 1, the official date is June 31
Liturgical feasts
*
Saint Aaron *
Saint Calais, abbot of
Ancille *
Saint Carileffus, priest [Chartres, Rouen, Tours, Durham]
*
Saint Cybar, recluse
*
Saint Domitian, abbot, confessor [Lyon]
*
Saint Eparchius, priest at Angoulême, confessor [Angoulême, Saintes, Limoges]
*
Saint Gaius, pope, martyr [Bamberg]
*
Saint Gall,
bishop of Clermont *
Saint Golvinus,
bishop of Léon, confessor [St. Pol de Léon]
*
Saint John the Baptist's
Octave *
Saints Julius and Aaron, martyrs [BLS]
*
Saint Leonore, bishop, confessor [Paris, as Lunaire]
*
Saint Leontius,
bishop of Autun, confessor
*
Saint Oliver Plunkett, martyr
*
Saint Rumold or Rombaut, bishop, martyr (775) [Liège, Cambrai, Scotland]
*
Saint Servanus, bishop, confessor [Scotland]
*
Saint Simeon Salus *
Saint Theobald, priest, confessor [ Mainz, Trier, Metz, Switzerland, France (Paris)]
*
Saint Theoderic (Diederik, Thierry), abbot of
Mont d'Hor, confessor
*
Saint Esther*
Saint Monegundis, virgin [Liège]
*
Saint Sophia, widow, and daughters Faith, Hope, and Charity, martyrs [Freising, Minden, Sitten]
*
1899 -
Indiana Jones's birthday.
*
BBC: On This Day*
The New York Times: On This Day*
On This Day in CanadaJune 30 -
July 2 -
June 1 -
August 1 --
listing of all days
