July 23
is the 204th day (205th in
leap years) of the year in the
Gregorian Calendar, with 161 days remaining.
*
1632 - 300 colonists bound for
New France depart
Dieppe, France.
*
1829 - In the
United States,
William Austin Burt patents the first
typewriter.
*
1862 -
American Civil War:
Henry W. Halleck takes command of the
Union Army.
*
1881 - The
Federation Internationale de Gymnastique, the world's oldest international sport federation, was founded.
*
1903 - Dr. Ernst Pfenning of
Chicago, Illinois becomes the first owner of a
Ford Model A.
*
1904 - Probably the first
Ice cream cone was sold at the
Louisiana Purchase Exposition in St. Louis, Missouri.
*
1914 -
Austria-Hungary issues an
ultimatum to Serbia allowing the Austrians to find out who killed
Archduke Franz Ferdinand. When Serbia denies Austria-Hungary their demands
World War I is sparked on
July 28,
1914*
1926 -
Fox Film buys the patents of the
Movietone sound system for recording sound onto
film.
*
1936 - In
Catalonia,
Spain, the
Unified Socialist Party of Catalonia is founded through the merger of socialist and communist parties.
*
1940 - US Under Secretary of State
Sumner Welles`s declaration on the US non-recognition policy of the Soviet annexation and incorporation of three
Baltic States -
Estonia,
Latvia and
Lithuania.
*
1942 -
The Holocaust: The
Treblinka extermination camp is opened
* 1942 -
World War II:
Hitler signed the
Operation Edelweiss.
*
1952 - Establishment of the
European Coal and Steel community.
* 1952 - General
Muhammad Naguib leads the
Free Officers Movement (formed by
Gamal Abdel Nasser - the real power behind the coup) in the overthrow of King
Farouk of Egypt.
*
1956 - The Loi Cadre is passed by the French Republic in order to order French overseas territory affairs.
*
1961 -
Sandinista National Liberation Front (FSLN) founded in
Nicaragua.
*
1962 -
Telstar relays the first live trans-
Atlantic television signal.
*
1967 -
12th Street Riot: In
Detroit, Michigan, one of the worst
riots in
United States history begins on 12th Street in the predominantly
African American inner city (43 killed, 342 injured and ~1,400 buildings burned).
*
1970 -
Qaboos ibn Sa'id, becomes Sultan of
Oman.
*
1972 - The
United States launches
Landsat 1, first Earth-resources
satellite.
*
1973 -
Robert Anton Wilson, the occultist/philosopher, either achieved contact with extraterrestrials from
Sirius or started a long-term period of having wild
hallucinations, depending on which way you want to look at it.
*
1982 - The
International Whaling Commission decides to end commercial
whaling by 1985-86.
*
1982 - Actor
Vic Morrow and two child actors are killed on the set of
Twilight Zone: The Movie when a
helicopter spins out of control.
*
1983 -
Black July began in
Sri Lanka.
* 1983 -
Gimli Glider:
Air Canada flight 143 lands "dead-stick" in
Gimli, Manitoba.
*
1984 -
Vanessa Williams becomes the first
Miss America to resign when she surrenders her crown after
nude photos of her appeared in
Penthouse magazine.
*
1986 - In
London,
Prince Andrew, Duke of York marries
Sarah Ferguson at
Westminster Abbey.
*
1997 -
Digital Equipment Company files
antitrust charges against chipmaker
Intel.
*
1997 - Spree killer
Andrew Cunanan commits suicide in the upstairs bedroom aboard a Miami houseboat to avoid capture by the police
*
1999 - Crown Prince Mohammed Ben Al-Hassan, is crowned
King Mohammed VI of Morroco at the death of his father.
* 1999 -
ANA Flight 61 is
hijacked in
Tokyo.
*
2001 -
Megawati Soekarnoputri becomes the fifth
President of
Indonesia, replacing
Abdurrahman Wahid.
*
2003 -
Operation Warrior Sweep is the first major military deployment of the
Afghan National Army.
*
2004 - Eleven years after its destruction,
Stari most (the Old Bridge) in
Mostar is reopened.
*
2005 - 3 bombs hit the Naama Bay area of
Sharm el-Sheikh,
Egypt, killing 88 people.
July 23, 2005 Sharm el-Sheikh attacks*
645 -
Yazid I, Sixth caliph of Islam (d.
683)
*
1301 - Duke
Otto of Austria (d.
1339)
*
1339 - King
Louis I of Naples (d.
1384)
*
1626 -
Sabbatai Zevi, Ottoman Jewish religious leader
*
1649 -
Pope Clement XI (d.
1721)
*
1705 -
Francis Blomefield, English topographer (d.
1752)
*
1734 -
Antonio Maria Gaspare Sacchini, Italian composer (d.
1786)
*
1775 -
Etienne-Louis Malus, French physicist and mathematician (d.
1812)
*
1777 -
Philipp Otto Runge, German painter (d.
1810)
*
1796 -
Franz Berwald, Swedish composer (d.
1868)
*
1838 -
Edouard Judas Colonne, French violinist (d.
1910)
*
1856 -
Lokmanya Tilak, Indian freedom fighter (d.
1920)
*
1865 -
Max Heindel, Danish Christian occultist, astrologer, and mystic (d.
1919)
*
1884 -
Emil Jannings, Swiss actor (d.
1950)
*
1886 -
Salvador de Madariaga, Spanish League of Nations official (d.
1978)
* 1886 -
Walter H. Schottky, German physicist (d.
1976)
*
1888 -
Raymond Chandler, American-born author (d.
1959)
*
1892 -
Haile Selassie,
Emperor of Ethiopia (d.
1975)
*
1894 -
Arthur Treacher, English character actor (d.
1975)
*
1895 -
Aileen Pringle, American actress (d.
1989)
*
1898 -
Jacob Marschak, American economist (d.
1977)
* 1898 -
Red Dutton, international hockey player (d.
1987)
*
1899 -
Gustav Heinemann, 3rd
President of the Federal Republic of Germany (d.
1976)
*
1906 -
Vladimir Prelog, Croatian chemist,
Nobel Prize laureate (d.
1998)
*
1912 -
Michael Wilding, English actor (d.
1979)
*
1913 -
Michael Foot, British political leader
*
1918 -
Bueno de Mesquita Dutch comedian and actor (d.
2005)
* 1918 -
Pee Wee Reese, baseball player (d.
1999)
*
1921 -
Calvert DeForest, American actor
*
1923 -
Witto Aloma, baseball player (d.
1997)
*
1928 -
Hubert Selby Jr., American author (d.
2004)
* 1928 -
Charles Harrelson, American convicted murderer; father of
Woody Harrelson*
1933 -
Bert Convy, American game show host, actor, and singer (d.
1991)
*
1936 -
Shiv Kumar Batalvi, Punjabi revolutionary (d.
1973)
*
1936 -
Don Drysdale, baseball player (d.
1993)
*
1936 -
Anthony Kennedy, U.S. Supreme Court Justice
*
1938 -
Juliet Anderson, American
pornographic actress* 1938 -
Götz George, German actor
* 1938 -
Bert Newton, Australian actor and television show host
*1938 -
Ronny Cox, American actor
*
1939 -
Terence Stamp, English actor
*
1940 -
Don Imus, American talk radio host
*
1942 -
Myra Hindley, English murderer (d.
2002)
*
1943 -
Tony Joe White, American singer and songwriter
*
1947 -
Gardner Dozois, American author
* 1947 -
David Essex, English singer
*
1948 -
John Cushnahan, Northern Irish politician
*
1950 -
Alex Kozinski, Romanian-born judge
*
1951 -
Edie McClurg, American actress
*
1957 -
Theo van Gogh, Dutch film director (assassinated) (d.
2004)
*
1961 -
Martin Gore, English musician and songwriter (
Depeche Mode)
* 1961 -
Woody Harrelson, American actor
*
1964 -
Ed Forchion, Marijuana Activist
*
1965 -
Rob Dickinson, English musician
* 1965 -
Slash, English-born guitarist (
Guns N' Roses)
*
1967 -
Philip Seymour Hoffman, American actor
*
1968 -
Gary Payton, American basketball player
* 1968 -
Stephanie Seymour, American supermodel
*
1970 -
Charisma Carpenter, American actress
* 1970 -
Thea Dorn, German writer
*
1971 -
Dalvin DeGrate, American singer
* 1971 -
Alison Krauss, American singer and fiddler
*
1973 -
Nomar Garciaparra, baseball player
* 1973 -
Francis Healy, Scottish rock musician (
Travis)
* 1973 -
Monica Lewinsky, White House intern
* 1973 -
Himesh Reshammiya, Indian Singer and Musician
*
1974 -
Terry Glenn, American football player
* 1974 -
Maurice Greene, American athlete
* 1974 -
Stephanie March, American actress
* 1974 -
Rik Verbrugghe, Belgian professional road racing cyclist
*
1976 -
Judit Polgár, Hungarian chess player
*
1977 -
Neicer Reasco, Ecuadorian footballer
*
1978 -
Stuart Elliott, Northern Irish footballer
* 1978 -
Stefanie Sun, Singapore singer
*
1980 -
Michelle Williams, American singer
*
1981 -
Steve Jocz, Canadian drummer (
Sum41)
*
1983 -
Bec Hewitt, Australian actress
*
1983 -
Aaron Peirsol, American Swimmer
*
1989 -
Daniel Radcliffe, English actor (
Harry Potter films)
*
1227 -
Qiu Chuji, Chinese Taoist (b.
1148)
*
1373 -
Saint Birgitta, Swedish saint (b.
1303)
*
1403 -
Thomas Percy, 1st Earl of Worcester, English rebel (executed) (born
1343)
*
1531 -
Louis de Brézé, seigneur d'Anet, Marshal of Normandy and husband of
Diane de Poitiers*
1584 -
John Day, English printer (b.
1522)
*
1692 -
Gilles Ménage, French scholar (b.
1613)
*
1727 -
Simon Harcourt, 1st Viscount Harcourt,
Lord Chancellor of Great Britain*
1757 -
Domenico Scarlatti, Italian composer (b.
1685)
*
1764 -
Gilbert Tennent, Irish-born religious leader (b.
1703)
*
1773 -
George Edwards, English naturalist (b.
1693)
*
1781 -
John Joachim Zubly, Swiss-born Continental Congressman (b.
1724)
*
1793 -
Roger Sherman, American signer of the Declaration of Independence (b.
1721)
*
1853 -
Andries Pretorius, Boer leader (b.
1798)
*
1878 -
Carl Freiherr von Rokitansky, Bohemian physician (b.
1804)
*
1885 -
Ulysses S. Grant, 18th
President of the United States (b.
1822)
*
1916 -
Sir William Ramsay, Scottish chemist,
Nobel Prize laureate (b.
1852)
*
1920 -
Conrad Kohrs, German-born rancher (b.
1835)
*
1923 -
Pancho Villa, Mexican revolutionary (b.
1878)
*
1924 -
Frank Frost Abbott, American classical scholar (b.
1850)
*
1930 -
Glenn Curtiss, American aviation pioneer (b.
1878)
*
1942 -
Adam Czerniakow, Polish engineer (suicide) (b.
1880)
*
1948 -
D. W. Griffith, American film director (b.
1875)
*
1951 -
Henri Philippe Pétain, leader of Vichy France (b.
1856)
* 1951 -
Robert J. Flaherty, American filmmaker (b.
1884)
*
1955 -
Cordell Hull, 47th
United States Secretary of State,
Nobel Prize laureate (b.
1871)
*
1966 -
Montgomery Clift, American actor (b.
1920)
*
1968 -
Henry Hallett Dale, English scientist,
Nobel Prize laureate (b.
1875)
*
1971 -
Van Heflin, American actor (b.
1910)
*
1973 -
Eddie Rickenbacker, American pilot (b.
1890)
*
1980 -
Sarto Fournier, Mayor of Montreal (b.
1908)
* 1980 -
Keith Godchaux, American pianist (
Grateful Dead) (b.
1948)
*
1982 -
Vic Morrow, American actor (b.
1929)
*
1983 -
Georges Auric, French composer (b.
1899)
*
1985 -
Johnny Wardle, English cricketer (b.
1923)
*
1989 -
Donald Barthelme, American author (b.
1931)
*
1993 -
James Jordan, father of
Michael Jordan*
1997 -
Chuhei Nambu, Japanese athlete (b.
1904)
*
1999 - King
Hassan II of Morocco (b.
1929)
*
2001 -
Eudora Welty, American author (b.
1909)
*
2002 -
Leo McKern, Australian actor (b.
1920)
* 2002 -
Dr. William L. Pierce, American author and activist (b.
1933)
* 2002 -
Chaim Potok, American novelist and rabbi (b.
1929)
*
2003 -
James E. Davis, New York City councilman (murdered) (b.
1962)
*
2004 -
Mehmood, Indian actor (b.
1932)
* 2004 -
Carlos Paredes, Portuguese musician and composer (b.
1925)
* 2004 -
Serge Reggiani, French singer and actor (b.
1922)
*
Egypt -
Revolution Day (
1952)
*
Libya - Revolution Day
*
Papua New Guinea - Remembrance Day
*
Roman Empire -
Neptunalia held in honor of
Neptune*
Rastafari movement - Celebration of the birthday of
Haile Selassie*
Catholic - the feasts of at least 2 saints:
**St.
Apollinaris**St.
Liborius*
BBC: On This Day*
This Day in HistoryJuly 22 -
July 24 -
June 23 -
August 23 --
listing of all days
