July 28
is the 209th day (210th in
leap years) of the year in the
Gregorian Calendar, with 156 days remaining.
*
1493 - Great fire in
Moscow.
*
1540 -
Thomas Cromwell, is executed on order from
Henry VIII of England on charges of
treason. Henry marries his fifth wife,
Catherine Howard, on the same day.
*
1794 -
Maximilien Robespierre is
guillotined in front of a cheering crowd, for sending thousands of others to a similar fate during the
French Revolution.
*
1809 -
Peninsular War:
Battle of Talavera - Sir
Arthur Wellesley's British, Portuguese and Spanish army defeats a much larger French force under
Joseph Bonaparte.
*
1821 -
Peru:
Jose de San Martin declares independence from
Spain.
*
1864 -
American Civil War:
Battle of Ezra Church - The battle begins on this day when
Confederate troops make a third unsuccessful attempt to drive
Union forces from
Atlanta, Georgia.
*
1866 - The
Metric Act of 1866 becomes law and legalizes the standardization of
weights and measures in the
United States.
*
1873 - The Japanese government implements land and tax reform as part of the
Meiji Restoration reforms.
*
1878 - Great Britain's William Gowland becomes the first non-Japanese to reach Yarigatake peak (3,180 meters), and he names the mountain the
Japanese Alps, a name that is eventually used to refer to the entire mountain range.
*
1914 -
World War I begins:
Austria-Hungary declares war on
Serbia after it failed to meet the conditions of an ultimatum it set on
July 23 following the killing of Archduke
Francis Ferdinand by a Serbian assassin. This event leads to the outbreak of
war.
*
1932 - US President
Herbert Hoover orders the
United States Army to forcibly evict the "
Bonus Army" of
World War I veterans gathered in
Washington, DC.
*
1942 -
World War II:
USSR leader
Joseph Stalin issues
Order No. 227 in response to alarming
German advances into
Russia. Under the order all those who retreat or otherwise leave their positions without orders to do so will be immediately killed.
*
1943 - World War II:
Operation Gomorrah - The
British bomb
Hamburg causing a
firestorm that kills 42,000
German civilians.
* 1945 - A
US Army B-25 bomber accidentally crashes into the 79th floor of the
Empire State Building killing 14 injuring 26.
*
1965 -
Vietnam War: US President
Lyndon B. Johnson announces his order to increase the number of
United States troops in
South Vietnam from 75,000 to 125,000.
*
1976 - The
Tangshan earthquake measuring between 7.8 and 8.2
magnitude flattens
Tangshan,
China, killing 242,769 and injuring 164,851.
*
1996 -
Kennewick Man, the remains of a
prehistoric man, was discovered near
Kennewick, Washington.
*
1997 -
Guatemala becomes a member of the
Berne Convention copyright treaty.
*
1998 -
Monica Lewinsky scandal: Ex-
White House intern,
Monica Lewinsky receives
transactional immunity in exchange for her
grand jury testimony concerning her relationship with US President
Bill Clinton.
*
2002 - Nine
coal miners trapped in the flooded
Quecreek Mine in
Somerset County, Pennsylvania, were rescued after 77 hours underground.
*
2005 - The
Provisional Irish Republican Army (The IRA) call an end to their thirty year long armed campaign in
Northern Ireland.
* 2005 - A
tornado touches down in a residential area in south
Birmingham,
England, causing £4,000,000 worth of damages and injuring 39 people.
*
2006 - One person was killed and five were injured in a shooting at the
Jewish Federation in
Seattle by an American citizen in a suspected act of
terrorism.
*
1659 -
Charles Ancillon, French Huguenot pastor (d.
1715)
*
1746 -
Thomas Heyward, Jr., American patriot, signer of the Declaration of Independence. (d.
1809)
*
1767 -
James A. Bayard (elder), American statesman (d.
1815)
*
1804 -
Ludwig Feuerbach, German philosopher (d.
1872)
*
1844 -
Gerard Manley Hopkins, English poet (d.
1889)
*
1857 -
Ballington Booth, co-founder of
Volunteers of America (d.
1940)
*
1863 -
Hussein Khan Nakhichevanski, Russian general (d.
1919)
*
1866 -
Beatrix Potter, English author (d.
1943)
*
1867 -
Charles Dillon Perrine, American-born astronomer (d.
1951)
*
1872 -
Albert Sarraut, French politician (d.
1962)
*
1874 -
Ernst Cassirer, German philosopher (d.
1945)
*
1887 -
Marcel Duchamp, French painter (d.
1968)
*
1896 -
Barbara La Marr, American actress (d.
1926)
*
1901 -
Rudy Vallee, American entertainer (d.
1986)
* 1901 -
Freddie Fitzsimmons, baseball player (d.
1979)
*
1902 -
Karl Popper, Austrian-born philosopher (d.
1994)
*
1904 -
Pavel Alekseyevich Cherenkov, Russian physicist,
Nobel Prize Laureate (d.
1990)
*
1907 -
Earl Tupper, American inventor (d.
1983)
*
1909 -
Malcolm Lowry, English novelist (d.
1957)
*
1914 -
Carmen Dragon, composer (d.
1984)
*
1915 -
Charles Townes, American physicist,
Nobel Prize Laureate*
1915 -
Frankie Yankovic, American musician (d.
1998)
*
1916 -
David Brown, American film producer
*
1922 -
Jacques Piccard, Belgian-born undersea explorer
*
1925 -
Baruch S. Blumberg, American scientist,
Nobel Prize Laureate*
1927 -
John Ashbery, American poet
*
1929 -
Jacqueline Kennedy Onassis,
First Lady of the United States (d.
1994)
*
1930 -
Jean Roba, Belgian comics author (d.
2006)
*
1934 -
Jacques d'Amboise, American choreographer
*
1935 -
Simon Dee, British television broadcaster
*
1936 -
Garfield Sobers, West Indian cricketer
*
1938 -
Alberto Fujimori, President of Peru
*
1940 -
Philip Proctor, American comedian
*
1941 -
Riccardo Muti, Italian conductor
*
1943 -
Mike Bloomfield, American musician (d.
1981)
* 1943 -
Bill Bradley, former basketball player and American politican
* 1943 -
Richard Wright English musician (
Pink Floyd)
*
1945 -
Jim Davis, American cartoonist
*
1946 -
Linda Kelsey, American actress
*
1948 -
Georgia Engel, American actress
* 1948 -
Sally Struthers, American actress
*
1949 -
Steve Peregrin Took, English singer (d.
1980)
* 1949 -
Vida Blue,
Major League baseball pitcher
*
1951 -
Anthony A. Williams,
Mayor of Washington, D.C.*1951 -
Santiago Calatrava, Spanish architect
*
1952 -
Yoshitaka Amano, Japanese artist
*
1952 -
Vajiralongkorn, Crown Prince of Thailand*
1954 -
Steve Morse, American guitarist
* 1954 -
Hugo Chávez, President of
Venezuela* 1954 -
Bruce Abbott, American actor
*
1955 -
Nikolay Zimyatov, Russian cross-country skier
*
1958 -
Terry Fox, Canadian athlete (d.
1981)
*
1962 -
Rachel Sweet, American singer
*
1964 -
Lori Loughlin, American actress
*
1966 -
Armando J. Tirado, first tri-qualified
United States attorney, solicitor for
England and
Wales, and civil law lawyer, born in
Venezuela*
1968 -
Taka Hirose, Japanese bassist, (
Feeder)
*
1970 -
Michael Amott, Swedish guitarist (
Arch Enemy)
*
1971 -
Stephen Lynch, American musician
*
1972 -
Elizabeth Berkley, American actress
* 1972 -
Ed Templeton, American skateboarder
*
1976 -
Jacoby Shaddix, American singer (
Papa Roach)
*
1977 -
Tiago Andres Vaz, Brazilian composer
* 1977 -
Emanuel Ginóbili, Argentine basketball player
* 1977 -
Aki Berg, Finnish hockey player
*
1979 -
Lee Minwoo, Korean singer (
Shinhwa)
* 1979 -
Birgitta Haukdal, Icelandic singer
*
1981 -
Michael Carrick, English footballer
*
1982 -
Ágústa Eva Erlendsdóttir, Icelandic singer
*
1986 -
Alexandra Chando, American actress
*
450 -
Theodosius II,
Roman Emperor (b.
401)
*
1057 -
Pope Victor II*
1128 -
William Clito, Count of Flanders (b.
1102)
*
1230 - Duke
Leopold VI of Austria (b.
1176)
*
1285 -
Queen Keran of Armenia, consort of
Leo III of Armenia.
*
1527 -
Rodrigo de Bastidas, Spanish conquistador
*
1540 -
Thomas Cromwell, 1st Earl of Essex, English statesman
*
1631 -
Guillén de Castro y Bellvis, Spanish dramatist (b.
1569)
*
1655 -
Cyrano de Bergerac, French poet (b.
1619)
*
1667 -
Abraham Cowley, English poet (b.
1618)
*
1675 -
Bulstrode Whitelocke, English lawyer (b.
1605)
*
1685 -
Henry Bennet, 1st Earl of Arlington, English statesman (b.
1618)
*
1718 -
Etienne Baluze, French scholar (b.
1630)
*
1741 -
Antonio Vivaldi, Italian composer (b.
1678)
*
1750 -
Johann Sebastian Bach, German composer (b.
1685)
*
1762 -
George Dodington, 1st Baron Melcombe, English politician (b.
1691)
*
1794 -
Maximilien Robespierre, French Revolutionary leader (b.
1758)
* 1794 -
Louis de Saint-Just, French Revolutionary leader (b.
1767)
*
1835 -
Édouard Adolphe Casimir Joseph Mortier, French marshal (b.
1768)
*
1842 -
Clemens Brentano, German poet (b.
1778)
*
1844 -
Joseph Bonaparte, older brother of
Napoleon I and King of Naples and Spain (b.
1768)
*
1849 - King
Charles Albert of Sardinia (b.
1798)
*
1869 -
Jan Evangelista Purkyně, Czech anatomist (b.
1787)
*
1930 -
Allvar Gullstrand, Swedish ophthalmologist,
Nobel Prize Laureate (b.
1862)
*
1934 -
Marie Dressler, Canadian actress (b.
1868)
*
1942 -
William Matthew Flinders Petrie, English Egyptologist (b.
1853)
*
1957 -
Edith Abbott, American social worker, educator, and author (b.
1876)
*
1965 -
Edogawa Ranpo, Japanese author (b.
1894)
*
1968 -
Otto Hahn, German chemist,
Nobel Prize Laureate (b.
1879)
*
1969 -
Ramón Grau, Cuban president (b.
1882)
*
1971 -
Myril Hoag, baseball player (b.
1908)
*
1972 -
Helen Traubel, American soprano (b.
1903)
* 1972 -
Charu Majumdar, Indian revolutionary leader (b.
1918)
*
1982 -
Keith Green, American gospel singer, songwriter, and pianist (b.
1953)
*
1996 -
Marguerite "Marge" Ganser, American singer (
Shangri-Las) (b.
1948)
*
1999 -
Trygve Haavelmo, Norwegian economist,
Nobel Prize Laureate (b.
1911)
*
2002 -
Archer John Porter Martin, English chemist,
Nobel Prize Laureate (b.
1910)
*
2003 -
Lady Valerie Goulding, Irish Senator and campaigner for the disabled (b.
1918)
*
2004 -
Francis Crick, English molecular biologist, recipient of the
Nobel Prize Laureate (b.
1916)
* 2004 -
Sam Edwards, American actor (b.
1915)
* 2004 -
Tiziano Terzani, Italian journalist (b.
1938)
* 2006 -
David Gemmell, Fantasy Writer (b.
1948)
*
Canada - Commemoration of the
deportation of the
Acadians*
Faroe Islands -
"lavsøka Eve
*
Peru - Independence Day
*
San Marino - Fall of the Fascist Government
*
System Administrator Appreciation Day*
Roman Catholicism - the feasts of at least 5 saints:
**St.
Nazarius**St.
Celsus**St.
Innocent**St.
Sampson (a bishop)
**St.
Victor*
BBC: On This Day*
Epic Idiot: On This DayJuly 27 -
July 29 -
June 28 -
August 28 --
listing of all days
