Kremlin

:''This article is about Russian citadels. For other meanings of the word, see Kremlin (disambiguation).

Moscow Kremlin in the 19th century.

A wall of Smolensk Kremlin in 1912.

Kremlin (Russian: Кремль IPA: ) is the Russian word for "fortress", "citadel", or "castle" and refers to any major fortified central complex found in historical Russian cities. This word is often used to refer to the best known one, the Moscow Kremlin, or the government that is based there. The name "Kremlin" has often been mistakenly thought of as being Saint Basil's Cathedral because of its distinctive shape, although this is not a part of the Moscow Kremlin.

List of Russian cities and towns with kremlins

* World Heritage Sites
** Moscow
** Novgorod
** Kazan
** Kizhi
** Valaam
* Existent
** Nizhny Novgorod
** Smolensk
** Kolomna
** Astrakhan
** Zaraysk
** Tobolsk
** Tula
** Suzdal
** Rostov
** Pskov
*In ruins
** Gdov
** Izborsk
** Porkhov
** Serpukhov
** Velikie Luki
** Torzhok
*Unwalled
** Dmitrov
** Ryazan
** Vologda
** Yaroslavl
*Only traces
** Borovsk
** Opochka
** Starodub
** Tver-burned down by Muscovites during the Golden Horde occupation
*Unknown state
** Ostrov
** Volokolamsk

Kazan Kremlin harmoniously combines elements of Eastern Orthodox and Muslim cultures.