List of countries by system of government
This is a list of countries categorized by system of government.[[Image:Form of government.png|right|400px|thumb|States by their systems of government as of April {{2006}}.
]]
Where a
president is the active head of the
executive branch of government and is independent from the
legislature. The following list includes democratic and non-democratic states:
Full Presidential Systems
In full presidential systems, the president is both head of state and head of government. There is no prime minister.
*
Afghanistan*
Argentina*
Armenia*
Azerbaijan*
Belarus*
Benin*
Bolivia*
Botswana*
Brazil*
Burkina Faso*
Burundi*
Cameroon*
Central African Republic*
Chad*
Chile*
Colombia*
Comoros*
Democratic Republic of the Congo*
Republic of the Congo*
Costa Rica*
Côte d'Ivoire*
Cyprus*
Djibouti*
Dominican Republic*
Ecuador*
El Salvador*
Equatorial Guinea*
Gabon*
The Gambia*
Georgia*
Ghana*
Guatemala*
Guinea*
Guinea-Bissau*
Honduras*
Indonesia*
Kazakhstan*
Kenya*
Kiribati*
Republic of Korea*
Kyrgyzstan*
Liberia*
Madagascar*
Malawi*
Maldives*
Mali*
Marshall Islands*
Mauritania*
Mexico*
Federated States of Micronesia*
Mozambique*
Namibia*
Nauru*
Nicaragua*
Niger*
Nigeria*
Palau*
Panama*
Paraguay*
Peru*
Philippines*
Rwanda*
Senegal*
Serbia and Montenegro*
Seychelles*
Sierra Leone*
Sudan*
Suriname*
Tajikistan*
Tanzania*
Togo*
Tunisia*
Turkmenistan*
Uganda*
United States*
Uruguay*
Uzbekistan*
Venezuela*
Zambia*
ZimbabweSemi-presidential systems
In semi-presidential systems, there is a president and a prime minister. In such systems, the President has genuine executive authority, unlike in a parliamentary republic, but some of the role of a head of government is exercised by the prime minister.
*
Algeria*
Angola*
Bosnia and Herzegovina*
Cape Verde*
Egypt*
France*
Guyana*
Lebanon*
Moldova*
Mongolia*
Pakistan*
Palestinian Authority*
Romania*
Russia*
San Marino*
São Tomé and Príncipe*
South Africa*
Sri Lanka*
Republic of China (Taiwan)
*
Ukraine*
Western Sahara (the
Sahrawi Arab Democratic Republic government in exile,
mostly occupied by
Morocco)
*
YemenWhere a
prime minister is the active head of the
executive branch of government and also leader of the
legislature. However, there is also a
president who serves as a symbolic
head of state in some
figurehead capacity. The following list includes democratic and non-democratic states:
*
Albania*
Austria*
Bangladesh [In Bangladesh, a Caretaker government takes over for three months during parliamentary elections. The Caretaker government is headed by a Chief advisor (the last Chief Justice to retire), and a group of neutral, non-partisan advisors chosen from the civil scoiety. During this time, the president has jurisdiction over the Ministry of defense and the Ministry of foreign affairs.]*
Bulgaria*
Croatia*
Czech Republic*
Dominica*
East Timor*
Estonia*
Ethiopia*
Fiji*
Finland*
Germany*
Greece*
Hungary*
Iceland*
India*
Iraq*
Ireland*
Israel*
Italy*
Latvia*
Lithuania*
Macedonia*
Malta*
Mauritius*
Poland*
Portugal*
Singapore*
Slovakia*
Slovenia*
Switzerland [There is neither a prime minister nor a president of Switzerland. The President of the Swiss Confederation is merely primus inter pares in the Swiss Federal Council, the seven-member executive council which constitutes the government as well as the head of state of Switzerland.]*
Trinidad and Tobago*
Turkey*
VanuatuWhere a
prime minister is the active head of the
executive branch of government and also leader of the
legislature. The
head of state is a
constitutional monarch who only exercises his or her powers with the consent of the government and is largely a
figurehead.
*
Andorra (
Bishop of Urgell and
President of France serve as ex-officio co-princes)
*
Belgium*
Cambodia*
Denmark*
Japan*
Lesotho*
Luxembourg*
Malaysia*
Netherlands*
Norway*
Samoa*
Spain*
Sweden*
ThailandCommonwealth realms
Constitutional monarchies, in which
Queen Elizabeth II serves as head of state over an independent government. In each Realm, she acts as the monarch of that state, and is titled accordingly - for example,
Queen of Australia. The Queen appoints a
Governor-General to each country other than the United Kingdom to act as her representative. The
prime minister is the active head of the
executive branch of government and also leader of the
legislature.
*
Antigua and Barbuda*
Australia*
The Bahamas*
Barbados*
Belize*
Canada*
Grenada*
Jamaica*
New Zealand*
Papua New Guinea*
Saint Kitts and Nevis*
Saint Lucia*
Saint Vincent and the Grenadines*
Solomon Islands*
Tuvalu*
United KingdomSemi-constitutional monarchies
The
prime minister (or equivalent) is the nation's active executive, but the monarch still has considerable political powers that can be used at his/her own independent discretion.
*
Bahrain*
Jordan*
Kuwait*
Liechtenstein*
Monaco*
Morocco*
Nepal (the King gave himself absolute authority for three years in 2005; he has given up absolute power on
April 21,
2006, but constitutional government has not yet resumed)
Monarchies in which the monarch is the active head of the
executive branch and exercises all powers.
*
Bhutan*
Brunei*
Oman*
Qatar*
Saudi Arabia*
Swaziland*
Tonga*
United Arab Emirates (federation of absolute monarchies; federal president drawn from hereditary emirs)
Non-democratic states based on a
state religion where the
head of state is selected by some form of religious hierarchy.
*
Iran (Iran combines the forms of a presidential republic, with a president elected by universal suffrage; and a theocracy, with an unelected religious leader who is ultimately responsible for state policy)
*
Vatican City StateNon-democratic states in which political power is concentrated within a single
political party whose operations are largely fused with the government hiearchy.
*
People's Republic of China (
Communist Party of China)
*
Cuba (
Communist Party of Cuba)
*
Eritrea (
People's Front for Democracy and Justice)
*
Democratic People's Republic of Korea (
Workers' Party of Korea)
*
Laos (
Lao People's Revolutionary Party)
*
Libya (no-party state)
*
Syria (
Arab Socialist Ba'th Party)
*
Turkmenistan (
Democratic Party of Turkmenistan)
*
Vietnam (
Communist Party of Vietnam)
The nation's armed forces control the organs of government and all high-ranking political executives are also members of the military hiearchy.
*
Myanmar (Burma)
*
Libya *
Mauritania- on
August 3,
2005, the military staged a coup and declared a two year transitional military dictatorship
*
Myanmar (Burma)
*
Pakistan *
SudanStates which have a system of government which is in transition or turmoil and cannot be accurately classified.
*
Haiti*
SomaliaFederal
States in which the
federal government shares power with semi-independent regional governments.
*
Argentina (23 provinces and 1 autonomous city)
*
Australia (6 states and 2 territories)
*
Austria (9 states)
*
Belgium (
Flanders and
Wallonia)
*
Bosnia and Herzegovina (
Federation of Bosnia and Herzegovina and
Republika Srpska)
*
Brazil (26 states and 1 federal district)
*
Canada (10 provinces and 3 territories)
*
Comoros (
Anjouan,
Grande Comore,
Mohéli and
Mayotte)
*
Ethiopia*
Federated States of Micronesia (
Chuuk,
Kosrae,
Pohnpei and
Yap)
*
Germany (16 states)
*
India (28 states and 7 union territories)
*
Malaysia (13 states and 3 federal territories)
*
Mexico (31 states and 1 federal district)
*
Kingdom of the Netherlands (a federation of the unitary states of the
Netherlands,
Netherlands Antilles, and
Aruba)
*
Nigeria (36 states)
*
Pakistan (4 provinces and 1 territory)
*
Palau (16 states)
*
Papua New Guinea (20 provinces)
*
Russia (49 oblasts, 21 republics, 10 autonomous okrugs, 6 krays, 2 cities, 1 autonomous oblast)
*
Saint Kitts and Nevis*
South Africa (9 provinces)
*
Switzerland (26 cantons)
*
United Arab Emirates (7 emirates)
*
United States (50
states, one District, two Separate Commonwealths, and 10 Territories)
*
Venezuela (23 states and 1 capital district)
Devolved
States in which the
central government has delegated some of its powers to self-governing subsidiary governments, creating a
de facto federation.
*
Spain (17
autonomous communities)
*
United Kingdom (
Scotland,
Northern Ireland, and
Wales;
England remains under full control of the central government)
Regionalized unitary
States in which the
central government has delegated some of its powers to regional governments.
*
Chile (13 regions, each one divided into smaller provinces, which are sub-divided into several municipalities).
*
France*
Italy (20
regions, five granted 'autonomous' status)
*
New Zealand (12
regions, 4
unitary authorities)
*
People's Republic of China (22
provinces, 5
autonomous regions, 4
municipalities, and 2
Special Administrative Regions:
Hong Kong and
Macau)
*
Philippines (79
provinces grouped into 17
regions, one granted 'autonomous' status)
*
Serbia, significant autonomy granted to
Kosovo.
*
The Netherlands with 12
provincesUnitary
see Unitary state*
Montenegro*
List of forms of government*
Global Scan- Election Tracker*
Countries categorized by system of government in 20th century at Historical Atlas of 20th Century
