November 8
is the 312th day of the year (313th in
leap years) in the
Gregorian Calendar, with 53 days remaining.
*
1519 -
Hernán Cortés enters
Tenochtitlán and
Aztec ruler
Moctezuma welcomes him with great pomp as would befit a returning
god.
*
1520 -
Stockholm Bloodbath begins: A successful invasion of
Sweden by
Danish forces results in the execution of around 100 persons.
*
1576 -
Eighty Years' War:
Pacification of Ghent - The
States-General of the
Netherlands meet and unite to oppose
Spanish occupation.
*
1602 - The
Bodleian Library at
Oxford University is opened to the public.
*
1620 - The
Battle of White Mountain, the first battle in the
Thirty Years' War, takes place near
Prague, ending in a decisive Catholic victory in only two hours.
*
1793 - In
Paris, the
French Revolutionary government opens the
Louvre to the public as a
museum.
*
1837 -
Mary Lyon founds
Mount Holyoke Female Seminary, which would later become
Mount Holyoke College*
1861 -
American Civil War: The "
Trent Affair" – The
USS San Jacinto stops the
United Kingdom mailship Trent and arrests two
Confederate envoys, sparking a diplomatic crisis between the UK and US.
*
1864 -
U.S. presidential election, 1864:
Abraham Lincoln is reelected in an overwhelming victory over
George McClellan.
*
1889 -
Montana is admitted as the 41st
U.S. state.
*
1892 -
U.S. presidential election, 1892:
Grover Cleveland is elected over
Benjamin Harrison and
James B. Weaver to win the second of his non-consecutive terms.
*
1895 - While experimenting with electricity
Wilhelm Röntgen discovers
x-rays.
*
1917 - People's Commissars gives authority to Lenin, Trotsky and Stalin
*
1923 -
Beer Hall Putsch: In
Munich,
Adolf Hitler leads the
Nazis in an unsuccessful attempt to overthrow the
German government.
*
1932 -
U.S. presidential election, 1932:
Franklin D. Roosevelt defeats
Herbert Hoover in a landslide victory.
*
1933 -
Great Depression:
New Deal - US President
Franklin D. Roosevelt unveils the
Civil Works Administration, an organization designed to create jobs for more than 4 million of the unemployed.
*
1935 - A dozen
labor leaders come together to announce the creation of the
Congress of Industrial Organizations (CIO), an organization charged with pushing the cause for
industrial unionism.
* 1935 -
Fernand Bouisson becomes Prime Minister of
France*
1937 - The
Nazi exhibition
Der ewige Jude ("the eternal
Jew") opens in
Munich.
*
1939 -
Venlo Incident: Two British agents of
SIS are captured by the Germans.
* 1939 - In
Munich,
Adolf Hitler narrowly escapes an assassination attempt while celebrating the 16th anniversary of the
Beer Hall Putsch.
*
1941 -
Albanian Communist Party founded.
*
1942 -
World War II:
Operation Torch -
United States and
United Kingdom forces land in
French North Africa.
* 1942 -
World War II: French resistance coup in Algiers, by which 400 Civil French patriots neutralized Vichyst XIXth Army Corps during 15 hours, arrested vichyst generals (Juin, Darlan, etc.), and so allowed the immediate success of
Operation Torch in Algiers, then, from there, to the whole
French North Africa.
*
1950 -
Korean War:
United States Air Force Lt.
Russell J. Brown shoots down two
North Korean
MiG-15s in the first
jet aircraft-to-jet aircraft
dog fight in history.
*
1950 -
Pope Pius XII witnesses the "
Miracle of the Sun" while at the
Vatican"
[Joseph Pelletier "The Sun Danced at Fatima", Doubleday, New York (1983),pp150,151]*
1960 -
U.S. presidential election, 1960:
John F. Kennedy is elected over
Richard M. Nixon, becoming the youngest man elected to that office.
*
1965 - The
British Indian Ocean Territory is created, consisting of
Chagos Archipelago,
Aldabra,
Farquhar and
Des Roches islands.
*
1965 - The
173rd Airborne is ambushed by over 1,200
Viet Cong in
Operation Hump during the
Vietnam War.
* 1965 - The soap opera
Days of Our Lives debuts on
NBC in the
United States.
*
1966 - Former
Massachusetts Attorney General
Edward Brooke becomes the first
African American elected to the
United States Senate.
* 1966 -
U.S. President Lyndon Johnson signs into law an
antitrust exemption allowing the
National Football League to merge with the upstart
American Football League.
*
1971 - The fourth album of
British rock group
Led Zeppelin (Led Zeppelin IV) is released, including one of the group's most well known songs, "
Stairway to Heaven".
*
1973 - The right ear of
John Paul Getty III is delivered to a newspaper together with a ransom note, convincing his father to pay 2.9 million
USD.
*
1974 - In
Salt Lake City, Utah, Carol DaRonch narrowly escapes abduction by serial killer
Ted Bundy.
*
1979 - Foundation of the
Chilean Communist Party (Proletarian Action).
*
1987 -
Remembrance Day Bombing: In
Enniskillen,
Northern Ireland, an
Provisional Irish Republican Army bomb explodes, at a ceremony honouring Britain's war dead, killing eleven people.
*
1988 -
U.S. presidential election, 1988:
George H. W. Bush is elected over
Michael Dukakis.
*
1991 -
Marion Barry is reelected mayor of
Washington, D.C..
*
1994 - For the first time in 40 years the
United States Republican Party takes control of both the
House of Representatives and the
Senate in midterm congressional elections.
*
1997 -
US president Bill Clinton speaks at a dinner sponsored by the
Human Rights Campaign, the
USA's largest
gay rights organisation.
*
2002 -
Iraq disarmament crisis:
UN Security Council Resolution 1441 – The
United Nations Security Council unanimously approves a resolution on
Iraq, forcing
Saddam Hussein to
disarm or face
"serious consequences".
*
2004 -
War in Iraq: More than 10,000
U.S. troops and a small number of
Iraqi army units participate in a siege on the insurgent stronghold of
Fallujah.
*
2005 - Democratic U.S. Senator
Jon Corzine is elected governor of
New Jersey.
*
35 -
Nerva,
Roman Emperor (d.
98)
*
1491 -
Teofilo Folengo, Italian poet (d.
1544)
*
1622 - King
Charles X of Sweden (d.
1660)
*
1656 (N.S.) -
Edmond Halley, British astronomer and mathematician (d.
1742)
*
1706 -
Johann Ulrich von Cramer, German judge and philosopher (d.
1772)
*
1710 -
Sarah Fielding, English writer (d.
1768)
*
1715 -
Elisabeth Christine von Braunschweig-Bevern, wife of
Frederick II of Prussia (d.
1797)
*
1723 -
John Byron, British naval officer (d.
1786)
*
1836 -
Milton Bradley, American lithographer and game manufacturer (d.
1911)
*
1847 -
Jean Casimir-Perier, French politician (d.
1907)
* 1847 -
Bram Stoker, Irish novelist (d.
1912)
*
1848 -
Gottlob Frege, German mathematician and logician (d.
1925)
*
1854 -
Johannes Rydberg, Swedish physicist (d.
1919)
*
1866 -
Herbert Austin, English automobile pioneer (d.
1941)
*
1868 -
Felix Hausdorff, German mathematician (d.
1942)
*
1869 -
Zinaida Gippius, Russian woman-poet in exile in France (d.
1945)
*
1883 -
Arnold Bax, English composer (d.
1953)
*
1884 -
Hermann Rorschach, Swiss psychiatrist (d.
1922)
*
1885 -
Hans Cloos, German geologist (d.
1951)
* 1885 -
Tomoyuki Yamashita, Japanese general (d.
1946)
*
1893 -
Clarence Williams, American jazz pianist and composer (d.
1965)
* 1893 -
Prajadhipok, Rama VII, king of Thailand (d.
1941)
*
1896 -
Bucky Harris, baseball player (d.
1977)
*
1898 -
Marie Prevost, Canadian actress (d.
1937)
*
1900 -
Margaret Mitchell, American author (d.
1949)
* 1900 -
Charlie Paddock, American athlete (d.
1943)
*
1904 -
Cedric Belfrage English-born writer (d.
1990)
*
1908 -
Martha Gellhorn, American writer and journalist (d.
1998)
*
1918 -
Hermann Zapf, German designer
*
1919 -
P. L. Deshpande, Indian author (d.
2000)
*
1920 -
Esther Rolle, American actress (d.
1998)
*
1922 -
Christiaan Barnard, South African heart surgeon (d.
2001)
* 1922 -
Ademir Marques de Menezes, Brazilian footballer (d.
1996)
*
1923 -
Jack Kilby, American electrical engineer, recipient of the
Nobel Prize in Physics (d.
2005)
*
1927 -
Nguyen Khanh, Prime Minister of South Vietnam
* 1927 -
Patti Page, American singer
*
1929 -
António Castanheira Neves, Portuguese legal philosopher
*
1931 -
Darla Hood, American actress (d.
1979)
* 1931 -
Morley Safer, Canadian journalist
*
1935 -
Alain Delon, French actor
*
1942 -
Angel Cordero Jr., Puerto Rican jockey
*
1943 -
Martin Peters, English footballer
*
1946 -
Guus Hiddink, Dutch/Korean/Australian football (soccer) coach
*
1947 -
Minnie Riperton, American singer (d.
1979)
*
1949 -
Bonnie Raitt, American singer
*
1952 -
Jan Raas, Dutch cyclist
* 1952 -
Christie Hefner, CEO of
Playboy Enterprises; daughter of
Hugh Hefner* 1952 -
John Denny, baseball player
*
1953 -
Alfre Woodard, American actress
*
1954 -
Michael D. Brown, U.S. Federal Emergency Management Agency director
* 1954 -
Rickie Lee Jones, American singer and composer
* 1954 -
Jeanette McGruder, American musician (
P Funk)
*
1958 -
Don Byron, American clarinetist
*
1961 -
Leif Garrett, American singer and actor
*
1967 -
Courtney Thorne-Smith, American actress
*
1966 -
Gordon Ramsay, British chef
*
1968 -
Parker Posey, American actress
* 1968 -
Zara Whites, Dutch
porn actress*
1970 -
José Francisco Porras, Costa Rican footballer
*
1971 -
Carlos Atanes, Spanish film director
*
1974 -
Masashi Kishimoto,Japanese mangaka
*
1975 -
Tara Reid, American actress
*
1976 -
Brett Lee, Australian cricketer
*
1977 -
Flo Jalin, import car model
*
1978 -
Ali Karimi, Iranian footballer
*
1979 -
Aaron Hughes, Northern Irish footballer
*
1981 -
Joe Cole, English footballer
*
1983 -
Kat Shoob, British television presenter
* 1983 -
Blanka Vlašić, Croatian high jumper
*
911 -
Louis the Child, last Carolingian ruler of the East Franks (b.
893)
*
955 -
Pope Agapetus II*
1171 -
Baldwin IV, Count of Hainaut (b.
1108)
*
1226 - King
Louis VIII of France (b.
1187)
*
1246 -
Berenguela of Castile, wife of
Alfonso IX of Castile (b.
1180)
*
1308 -
Duns Scotus, Scottish philosopher
*
1517 -
Francisco Cardinal Jiménez de Cisneros, Spanish statesman (b.
1436)
*
1527 -
Jerome Emser, German theologian (b.
1477)
*
1599 -
Francisco Guerrero, Spanish composer (b.
1528)
*
1600 -
Natsuka Masaie, Japanese warlord (b.
1562)
*
1603 -
Robert Catesby, English conspirator (b.
1573)
*
1658 -
Witte Corneliszoon de With, Dutch naval officer (b.
1599)
*
1674 -
John Milton, English poet (b.
1608)
*
1719 -
Michel Rolle, French mathematician (b.
1652)
*
1817 -
Andrea Appiani, Italian painter (b.
1754)
*
1830 - King
Francis I of the Two Sicilies (b.
1777)
*
1887 -
Doc Holliday, American gambler and gunfighter (b.
1851)
*
1890 -
César Franck, Belgian composer and organist (b.
1822)
*
1905 -
Victor Borisov-Musatov, Russian painter (b.
1870)
*
1917 -
Colin Blythe, English cricketer (b.
1879)
*
1934 -
Carlos Chagas, Brazilian physician (b.
1879)
*
1945 -
August von Mackensen, German field marshal (b.
1849)
*
1953 -
Ivan Alekseyevich Bunin, Russian writer,
Nobel Prize laureate (b.
1870)
* 1953 -
John van Melle, South African author (b.
1887)
*
1977 -
Bucky Harris, baseball player (b.
1896)
*
1978 -
Norman Rockwell, American illustrator (b.
1894)
*
1985 -
Nicolas Frantz, Luxembourgish cyclist (b.
1899)
*
1986 -
Vyacheslav Molotov, Russian politician (b.
1890)
*
1998 -
Jean Marais, French actor (b.
1913)
*
1999 -
Leon Štukelj, Slovenian gymnast (b.
1898)
*
2003 -
C. Z. Guest, American socialite (b.
1920)
*
2005 -
David Westheimer, American novelist (b.
1917)
*
BBC: On This DayNovember 7 -
November 9 -
October 8 -
December 8 --
listing of all dates
