October 13
is the 286th day of the year (287th in
leap years). There are 79 days remaining.
*
1282 -
Nichiren Daishonin, founder of the Nichiren School of
Buddhism, dies. His ashes are interred at Taisekiji Temple.
*
1307 - Hundreds of
Knights Templar in
France are simultaneously arrested by agents of
Phillip the Fair, to be later tortured into "admitting"
heresy.
*
1582 - Due to the implementation of the
Gregorian calendar this day does not exist in this year in
Italy,
Poland,
Portugal and
Spain.
*
1775 - The
United States Continental Congress orders the establishment of the Continental Navy (later renamed the
United States Navy).
*
1792 - In
Washington, DC, the cornerstone of the
United States Executive Mansion (known as the
White House since
1818) is laid.
*
1812 -
War of 1812:
Battle of Queenston Heights - As part of the
Niagara campaign in
Ontario, Canada,
United States forces under General
Stephen Van Rensselaer are repulsed from invading
Canada by
British and native troops led by Sir
Isaac Brock.
*
1843 - In
New York City,
Henry Jones and 11 others found
B'nai B'rith (the oldest
Jewish service organization in the world).
*
1845 - A majority of voters in the
Republic of Texas approve a proposed constitution, that if accepted by the
U.S. Congress, will make
Texas a
U.S. state.
*
1890 - The Delta Chi Fraternity is founded by 11 law students at Cornell University in
Ithaca, New York.
*
1917 - The
"Miracle of the Sun" is witnessed by an estimated 70,000 persons in the Cova da Iria in
Fatima,
Portugal.
*
1918 -
Mehmed Talat Pasha and the
Young Turk (C.U.P.) ministry resign and sign an armistice, ending Ottoman participation in
World War I*
1923 -
Ankara replaces
Constantinople as the capital of
Turkey.
*
1943 -
World War II: The new government of
Italy sides with the
Allies and declares war on
Germany.
*
1944 -
World War II:
Riga, the capital of
Latvia is taken over by the
Red Army*
1946 -
France adopts the constitution of the
Fourth Republic.
*
1958 - Burial of Eugenio Pacelli,
Pope Pius XII on the 41st anniversary of the
"Miracle of the Sun".
*
1960 -
1960 World Series:
Baseballer
Bill Mazeroski becomes the first person to end a
World Series with a
home run.
*
1962 -
Who's Afraid of Virginia Woolf? opens on
Broadway.
*
1972 - An
Aeroflot Ilyushin Il-62 crashed outside
Moscow killing 176.
*
1972-
Uruguayan Air Force Flight 571 crashes in the
Andes mountains, in between the borders of
Argentina and
Chile. By December 23, 1972 all 16 survivors were rescued.
*
1973 - The British progressive rock band
Family perform their last concert at
Leicester Polytechnic in Leicester, England, prior to their disbandment.
*
1976 - A Bolivian
Boeing 707 cargo jet crashes in
Santa Cruz, Bolivia killing 100 (97, mostly children, killed on the ground)
* 1976 - The first
electron micrograph of an
Ebola viral particle was obtained by Dr. F.A. Murphy, now at
U.C. Davis, who was then working at the
C.D.C..
*
1977 - Four
Palestinians hijack a
Lufthansa Airlines flight to
Somalia and demand release of 11 members of the
Red Army Faction.
*
1983 -
Ameritech Mobile Communications (now
Cingular) launched the first US cellular network in Chicago.
*
1999 - The
United States Senate rejects ratification of the
Comprehensive Test Ban Treaty (CTBT).
*
2003 - The
Public Library of Science commences publication of an
open-access scientific journal,
PLoS Biology.
*
709 -
Emperor Kōnin Japan (d.
781)
*
1162 -
Leonora of England, wife of
Alfonso VIII of Castile (d.
1214)
*
1381 -
Thomas FitzAlan, 12th Earl of Arundel, English politician (d.
1415)
*
1453 -
Edward of Westminster, Prince of Wales (d.
1471)
*
1474 -
Mariotto Albertinelli, Italian painter (d.
1515)
*
1566 -
Richard Boyle, 1st Earl of Cork, Irish politician (d.
1643)
*
1696 -
John Hervey, Lord Hervey, English statesman and writer (d.
1743)
*
1713 -
Allan Ramsay, Scottish painter (d.
1784)
*
1714 -
Pieter Burmann the Younger, Dutch philologist (d.
1778)
*
1821 -
Rudolf Virchow, German physician, pathologist, biologist, and politician (d.
1902)
*
1853 -
Lillie Langtry, British actress (d.
1929)
*
1862 -
Mary Kingsley, English writer and explorer (d.
1900)
*
1876 -
Rube Waddell, baseball player (d.
1914)
*
1880 -
Sasha Cherny, Russian poet (d.
1932)
*
1909 -
Art Tatum, American jazz pianist (d.
1956)
* 1909 -
Herbert Block, American cartoonist (d.
2001)
*
1911 -
Ashok Kumar, Indian actor (d.
2001)
*
1915 -
Terry Frost, English artist (d.
2003)
* 1915 -
Cornel Wilde, American actor (d.
1989)
*
1917 -
Laraine Day, American actor
* 1917 -
Burr Tillstrom, American puppeteer (d.
1985)
*
1918 -
Robert Hudson Walker, American actor (d.
1951)
*
1921 -
Yves Montand, Italian-born singer and actor (d.
1991)
*
1923 -
Faas Wilkes, Dutch football (soccer) player
*
1924 -
Nipsey Russell, American comedian, actor, and television personality (d.
2005)
*
1925 -
Lenny Bruce, American comedian (d.
1966)
* 1925 -
Margaret Thatcher,
Prime Minister of the United Kingdom* 1925 -
Gustav Winckler, Danish singer (d.
1979)
*
1926 -
Ray Brown, American jazz bassist (d.
2002)
*
1931 -
Eddie Mathews, baseball player (d.
2001)
* 1931 -
Raymond Kopa, French footballer
*
1932 -
Jack Colvin, American actor (d.
2005)
*
1934 -
Nana Mouskouri, Greek singer
*
1938 -
Hugo Young, English journalist (d.
2003)
*
1939 -
T. J. Cloutier, American poker player
*
1940 -
Pharoah Sanders, American saxophonist
*
1941 -
Paul Simon, American singer, songwriter, and guitarist
*
1942 -
Jerry Jones, American football team owner
*
1944 -
Robert Lamm, American musician (
Chicago)
*
1946 -
Edwina Currie, British politician
*
1947 -
Sammy Hagar, American singer
*
1948 -
Ted Poe, American politician
*
1948 -
John Ford Coley, American musician
*
1949 -
Tom Mees, Sports Broadcaster (d.
1996)
*
1950 -
Dan Seals, American singer and songwriter
*
1953 -
Pat Day, American jockey
*
1954 -
Mordechai Vanunu, Israeli nuclear technician
* 1954 -
Claude Ribbe, French historian
* 1954 -
George Frazier, baseball player
*
1956 -
Chris Carter, American television producer
*
1958 -
Jair-Rohm Parker Wells, American musician and composer
*
1959 -
Marie Osmond, American entertainer
*
1960 -
Ari Fleischer, White House Press Secretary
*
1961 -
Doc Rivers, basketball player and coach
*
1962 -
T'Keyah Crystal Keymáh, American actress
* 1962 -
Kelly Preston, American actress
* 1962 -
Jerry Rice, American football star
*
1964 -
Niè Hǎishèng, Chinese astronaut
* 1964 -
Christopher Judge, American actor
*
1965 -
Johan Museeuw, Belgian cyclist
*
1966 -
Javier Lopez Cantu, American Latino painter
*
1967 -
Steve Vickers, English footballer
* 1967 -
Scott Cooper, American baseball player
*
1969 -
Nancy Kerrigan, American figure skater
* 1969 -
Cady McClain, American actress
*
1971 -
Sacha Baron Cohen, British comedian
* 1971 -
Pyrros Dimas, Albanian weightlifter
* 1971 -
Billy Bush, American TV host
*
1972 -
Summer Sanders, American Olympic swimmer
*
1973 -
Brian Dawkins, American football player
* 1973 -
Nanako Matsushima, Japanese actress
* 1973 -
Matt Hughes, Mixed Martial Fighter
*
1974 -
Joseph Utsler, American rapper (
Insane Clown Posse)
*
1975 -
Tom Anderson, American entrepreneur
* 1975 -
David Kennedy, American musician (
Boxcar Racer,
Angels and Airwaves)
*
1977 -
Paul Pierce, American basketball player
* 1977 -
Gareth Batty, English cricketer
*
1978 -
Jermaine O'Neal, American basketball player
*
1979 -
Wes Brown, English footballer
*
1980 -
Ashanti, American musician
* 1980 -
Magne Hoset, Norwegian footballer
* 1980 -
Scott Parker, English footballer
*
1981 -
Ryan Ashford, English footballer
*
1982 -
Michael Clayton, American football player
*
1982 -
Ian Thorpe, Australian swimmer
*
54 -
Claudius,
Roman Emperor (b.
10 BC)
*
1282 -
Nichiren Japanese founder of Nichiren Buddhism (b.
1222)
*
1415 -
Thomas FitzAlan, 12th Earl of Arundel, English military leader (b.
1381)
*
1508 -
Edmund de Ros, 11th Baron de Ros, English politician (b.
1446)
*
1605 -
Theodore Beza, French theologian (b.
1519)
*
1673 -
Kristoffer Gabel, Danish statesman (b.
1617)
*
1687 -
Geminiano Montanari, Italian astronomer (b.
1633)
*
1694 -
Samuel von Pufendorf, German jurist (b.
1632)
*
1706 -
Iyasus the Great,
Emperor of Ethiopia (b.
1682)
*
1715 -
Nicolas Malebranche, French philosopher (b.
1638)
*
1759 -
John Henley, English minister (b.
1692)
*
1788 -
Robert Nugent, 1st Earl Nugent, Irish politician and poet (b.
1702)
*
1812 - Sir
Isaac Brock, British general (killed in battle) (b.
1769)
*
1815 -
Joachim Murat, French marshal and King of Naples (executed) (b.
1767)
*
1825 - King
Maximilian I of Bavaria (d.
1756)
*
1869 -
Charles Augustin Sainte-Beuve, French literary critic (b.
1804)
*
1882 -
Arthur de Gobineau, French philosopher (b.
1816)
*
1890 -
Samuel Freeman Miller, U.S. Supreme Court Justice (b.
1816)
*
1905 - Sir
Henry Irving, the first British actor to be knighted (b.
1838)
*
1909 -
Francisco Ferrer Guardia, Spanish free-thinker (b.
1849)
*
1917 -
Florence La Badie, American actress
*
1919 -
Karl Adolph Gjellerup, Danish writer,
Nobel Prize laureate (b.
1857)
*
1931 -
Ernst Didring, Swedish author (b.
1868)
*
1945 -
Milton S. Hershey, American chocolate tycoon (b.
1857)
*
1950 -
Ernest Haycox, American writer (b.
1899)
*
1955 -
Manuel Ávila Camacho,
President of Mexico (b.
1897)
*
1966 -
Clifton Webb, American actor (b.
1889)
*
1968 -
Bea Benaderet, American actress (b.
1906)
*
1974 -
Ed Sullivan, American television personality (b.
1901)
*
1979 -
Rebecca Clarke, English composer and violist (b.
1886)
*
1987 -
Walter Brattain, American physicist,
Nobel Prize laureate (b.
1902)
*
1990 -
Le Duc Tho, Vietnamese general and politician, recipient of the
Nobel Peace Prize (b.
1911)
*
1998 -
Gunpei Yokoi, creator of the
Game Boy (b.
1941)
*
2002 -
Stephen Ambrose, American historian and biographer (b.
1936)
*
2003 -
Bertram Brockhouse, Canadian physicist,
Nobel Prize laureate (b.
1918)
*
2005 -
Vivian Malone Jones, American civil rights activist (b.
1942)
*
Roman festivals -
Fontanalia: festival dedicated to
Fontus*
RC Saints - translation (
1163) of Saint
Edward the Confessor; memorial of
Saint Gerald of Aurillac*Also see
October 13 (Eastern Orthodox liturgics)*
John Peel Day - A day celebrating the life and influence of the late John Peel.
*
French Republican Calendar -
Pêche (Peach) Day, twenty-second day in the
Month of Vendémiaire*
BBC: On This DayOctober 12 -
October 14 -
September 13 -
November 13 - more
historical anniversaries
