Parietal lobe
The
parietal lobe is a lobe in the
brain. It is positioned above (superior to) the
occipital lobe and behind (posterior to) the
frontal lobe.
The
central sulcus separates the parietal lobe from the
frontal lobe, and the
parieto-occipital sulcus separates the parietal and
occipital lobe.
The parietal lobe can be subdivided into the
superior parietal lobule and the
inferior parietal lobule with the two separated by the
intraparietal sulcus.
The parietal operculum forms the superior wall of
sylvian fissure.
It includes
Brodmann areas
3,
5,
7,
39 and
40.
The parietal lobe plays important roles in integrating sensory information from various senses, and in the manipulation of objects. Portions of the parietal lobe are involved with visuospatial processing. Much less is known about this lobe than the other three in the cerebrum.
Various studies in the 1990s found that different regions of the parietal cortex in
Macaques represent different parts of space.
*The lateral intraparietal (LIP) contains a 2-dimensional topographic map of retinotopically-coded space representing the saliency of spatial locations. It can be used by the oculomotor system for targeting eye movements, when appropriate.
*The ventral intraparietal (VIP) area contains a map of space within roughly 5cm of the mouth.
*The medial intraparietal (MIP) area maps space within range of the Macaque's reach. Interestingly, this map changes if the monkey is given a tool to increase its reach.
*The anterior intraparietal (AIP) helps map object location and shape into grasping coordinates.
Gerstmann's syndrome is associated with lesion to the dominant (usually left) parietal lobe.
Balint's syndrome is associated with bilateral lesions. The syndrome of
hemispatial neglect is usually associated with large lesions of the non-dominant hemisphere.
Klinefelter's syndrome and
Triple X syndrome, individuals whom have an extra
X sex-chromosome, i.e. 47,XXY, and 47,XXX respectively, both share a common gifting, as observed, by Dr. Jay Giedd, through
MRI scanning research. Dr. Jay Giedd identified that both
Klinefelter's syndrome and
Triple X syndrome, individuals have an enhanced Parietal Lobe, like
Einstein. We all know who Einstein was and what he accomplished for mankind.
Klinefelter's syndrome and
Triple X syndrome, individuals have the same opportunity if they can understand and harness their thinking. One such technique is
discrete visual spatial thinking.
