Poeticon astronomicon
Poeticon astronomicon is a
star atlas attributed to "
Hyginus", though the true authorship is disputed. During the
Renaissance, the work was attributed to the
Roman historian
Gaius Julius Hyginus who lived during the first century B.C. However, the fact that the book lists the
constellations in the same order as
Ptolemy's
Almagest (published in the second century, A.D.) has led many to believe that a more recent Hyginus created the text.
The text describes 47 of the 48 Ptolemaic constellations, centering primarily on the mythology surrounding the constellations, though there is some discussion of the relative positions of stars. The first known printing was in 1475, attributed to "Ferrara."
The Poeticon wasn't formally published until 1482, by
Erhard Ratdolt in
Venice,
Italy. This edition carried the full title
Clarissimi uiri Hyginii Poeticon astronomicon, opus utilissimum. Ratdolt commissioned a series of woodcuts depicting the constellations to accompany Hyginus' text. As with many other star atlases that would follow it, the positions of various stars are indicated overlayed on the images of the constellation. However, the relative positions of the stars in the woodcuts bear little resemblance to the descriptions given by Hyginus in the text or the actual positions of the stars in the sky.
As a result of the inaccuracy of the depicted star positions and the fact that the constellations are not shown with any context, the Poeticon is not particularly useful as a guide to the night sky. However, the illustrations commissioned by Ratdolt served as a template for future sky atlas renderings of the constellation figures.
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Star atlas*
Images of all pages from the Ratdolt edition*
High-resolution images of some pages from the Ratdolt edition
