Savings deposit
Savings deposits are accounts maintained by
commercial banks,
savings and loan associations,
credit unions, and
mutual savings banks that pay interest but can not be used directly as
money (by, for example, writing a check). These accounts let customers set aside a portion of their liquid assets that could be used to make purchases. But to make those purchases, savings account balances must be transferred to "
transaction deposits" (or "
checkable deposits") or currency. However, this transference is easy enough that savings accounts are often termed near money. Savings accounts, as such constitute a sizeable portion of the M2
monetary aggregate.
With savings accounts you can make withdrawals, but you do not have the flexibility of using checks to do so. As with an MMDAs (
money market deposit account), the number of withdrawals or transfers you can make on the account each month is limited.
Savings Accounts are accounts maintained by a customer with a depository institution for the purpose of accumulating funds over a period of time. Funds deposited in a savings account may be withdrawn only by the account owner or a duly authorized agent, or on the owner's nontransferable order. The account may be owned by one or more persons. Some accounts require funds to be kept on deposit for a minimum length of time, while others permit unlimited access to funds. Earnings may be in the form of
dividends, as in the case of a share type savings account, or interest as in the case of a deposit type account.
Since January 1994, hundreds of banks and other depository financial institutions have implemented automated
computer programs that reduce their required reserves by analyzing customers' use of
checkable deposits (
demand deposits,
ATS,
NOW, and other checkable deposits) and "sweeping" such deposits into savings deposits (specifically,
money market deposit accounts (MMDA)). Under the
Federal Reserve's Regulation D, MMDA accounts are
personal saving deposits and, hence, have a zero statutory
reserve requirement.
As of 2004, "checkable deposits" were $640.5 billion in the US while "savings deposits" were $3,472.5 billion.
Under Regulation D, 12 CFR 204.2(d)(2), the term "savings deposit" includes a deposit or an account that meets the requirements of Sec. 204.2(d)(1) and from which, under the terms of the deposit contract or by practice of the
depository institution, the depositor is permitted or authorized to make up to six transfers or withdrawals per month or statement cycle of at least four weeks. The
depository institution may authorize up to three of these six transfers to be made by check, draft, debit card, or similar order drawn by the
depositor and payable to third parties.
*
Money supply*
Deposit account*
Open US Bank Account for Non US Residents*
Best rates of savings deposit accounts from U.S. banks*
Regulation D - Reserve Requirements of Depository Institutions*
St. Louis Fed: Federal Reserve Board Data on OCD Sweep Account Programs*
Retail Sweep Programs and Bank Reserves, 1994-1999 (Transaction deposits with reserve requirements being converted to personal-saving deposits (MMDA) with no reserve requirement)
