Type species
A
type species fixes the name of a
genus (or of a
taxon in a rank lower than genus).
Strictly speaking, a type species exists only in
zoological nomenclature. As set in Art 42.3 of the
ICZN, the
type of the name of a genus or subgenus (a "
genus-group name") is the "type species". This is defined as "The nominal species that is the name-bearing type of a nominal genus or subgenus".
In
botanical nomenclature, the
type of a name of a genus is a specimen or illustration (
ICBN, Art 10.1, 8.1 and 10.4). This type will usually be the type of an included species, in which case it can be indicated by the name of this species (Art 10.1). Unofficially, as a term of convenience, this species is called the "type species", but this phrase has no formal standing.
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Type (botany)*
Type (zoology)
