Expert: Michael Troy - 11/9/2006

Question
I am a senior and for my AP Government class my friend and I are researching the free speech part of the First Amendment.  As you are an expert in this area, could you give us some background on circumstances relating to how this section of the First Amendment came into existence?

Thank you!

Answer
Hi Beth,

Freedom of speech was considered one of the fundamental freedoms for the founding fathers.  One reason the American Revolution went from being a protest to a war was because the British government refused to hear voices of peaceful protest.  The founders wanted to make sure they would not repeat that same mistake.

The notion of a protected freedom came from England itself.  During the Glorious Revolution of 1688, King James II was overthrown, then William and Mary were installed as joint monarchs.  The following year, the English Parliament secured a Bill of Rights from William and Mary that granted "freedom of speech in Parliament." The founding fathers, who believed all of the people should participate in the political debate over governent, believed this should be expanded to cover all citizens. That would help to encourage free and open political debates.  

Many political philosphers of the time held similar views.  The notion that political debate should be free and open to ensure good and responsive government.  The famous quote by the French philosopher Voltaire "I disagree with what you say, but defend to the death your right to say it" comes from that same era.

I hope this helps!
- Mike