Expert: Irulan Serena - 8/27/2004

Question
Hi, thank you for looking into this. I am recently doing an assignment on Roman medical/encyclopedia writer Celsus. I couldn't find any web site about what it was like to be a Roman writer in general. Were they rich? came from good family? well respected in society? where did they earn their money from? what about medical writers (they didn't need to be doctors to be writing medical texts), so how were they regarded?

It would be much appreciated if you can answer these questions and may be even pointing me to web sites where I can find more information on this.


Answer
Celsus.

One of the reasons for which you will not find  much on his scientific writings is that not may survived the ravages of time. There is not much on the Web about him under the name Celsus, however under his complete name there are a variety of sites…here is a very short blurb  on his biography…..as well as sites where you can get info on him.

Name:   Aulus Cornelius Celsus
Birth Date:   c. 25 B.C.
Death Date:   45
Place of Birth:   Narbonne, France
Nationality:   Roman
Gender:   Male
Occupations:   author

Aulus Cornelius Celsus (ca. 25 BC-45 AD) was the Roman author of the first systematic treatise on medicine. It is the most important historical source for present-day knowledge of Alexandrian and Roman medicine. Of Celsus the man little is known. It is surmised that he was born at Narbonne in the south of France. He was active during the time of the emperor Tiberius (reigned A.D. 14-37) and, judging by his style, may have been writing as late as the early years of Claudius (reigned A.D. 41-54). There is great dispute as to whether he was even a physician. W. G. Spencer, the most recent translator of his works, supports an older, minority view that the details of medical procedure, the experienced judgment shown in the selection of treatment, and the not infrequent use of the first person reveal an author with an intimate acquaintance of clinical medicine who must have been himself a practitioner.

Sites on Celsus:    


LINKS ON AULUS CORNELIUS CELSUS
CELSUS

CSL: Aulus Cornelius Celsus
... Aulus Cornelius Celsus (fl. 20-30), Works : De medicina ed. F. Marx
(Teubner 1915, Loeb 1938) [LacusCurtius] Translations: English ...
www.forumromanum.org/literature/celsusx.html - 5k - Cached - Similar pages


Aulus Cornelius Celsus
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library.utmb.edu/portraits/celsus.htm - 2k - Cached - Similar pages

IntraText Digital Library: Author Card: Aulus Cornelius Celsus
IntraText Digital Library Author Card Celsus,
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IntraText Digital Library: Text Card: LAT0382
Text Card - LAT0382 - Aulus Cornelius Celsus De medicina. Read online for
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Aulus Cornelius Celsus
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ar.utmb.edu/areas/informresources/collections/ blocker/portraits/bios/celsus.asp - 2k - Cached - Similar pages

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[PDF]Chapter 14 LEPROSY
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... Aulus Cornelius Celsus, a contemporary of Tiberius ( AD 14–37) wrote: Totally unknown in Italy, but very frequent in a few other lands is the disease which ...
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Chnook Paza Dental Centre
... During the 1st century AD the Roman encyclopedist Aulus Cornelius Celsus discussed dental diseases and suggested that before extraction a carious (decaying ...
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UW Dept of Ophthalmology Overview
... Aulus Cornelius Celsus, the first-century Roman philosopher, was the first to comment
on the excision of the skin of the upper eyelids when he described the ...
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Blackwell Synergy - Dermatol Surg, Vol 26, Issue 9, pp. 886-887: ...... 1. Marmelzat WL. The contributions to dermatologic surgery of Aulus Cornelius Celsus
(Circa 30BC-AD50). J Dermatol Surg Oncol 1997;3:161 6. MEDLINE Abstract. ... www.blackwellsynergy.com/links/doi/10.1046/ j.1524-4725.2000.00709-2.x/full/ - Similar pages

Part 1: Material for 1470-1621
... Auerlii Cornelii Celsi [Aulus Cornelius Celsus] Observatio in pestilentia. Recognovit
& locupl. Lipsie (1518) Schumann. XXII gez. Bl. 8°. 27.1 Astron. ...
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The Alchemy in Homeopathy
... In the 1st century AD a Roman encyclopaedist named Aulus Cornelius Celsus put out works on agriculture, medicine, military science, law, and philosophy, of ...
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Some facts about Celsus:

------Ophthalmic surgery was one of the most advanced areas of medicine in the ancient world. Detailed descriptions of delicate cataract surgery with sophisticated needle syringes is contained in the medical writings of Celsus.  

------Aulus Cornelius Celsus wrote about philosophy, agriculture, medicine and warfare, and is considered the greatest Roman medical writer. He is the most important source for present-day knowledge of Alexandrian medicine. He recommended cleanliness and the washing of wounds with antiseptic substances, such as vinegar.

------- Ancient Rome in the first century A.D. had its brain surgeon star, Aulus Cornelius Celsus. Hippocrates did not operate on depressed skull fractures; Celsus often did. Celsus also described the symptoms of brain injury in great detail.


General info about writers:

Were they rich?  -    Not rich at all….. they depended on their patrons to maintain them

good family? Most did,  and because of the influces of their families werw highly respected ….some did not … and thus did not have the status others did.

well respected in society? If they had an influential patron, yes…. If not no.

where did they earn their money from? From patrons .. and those who bought their writings.

what about medical writers (they didn't need to be doctors to be writing medical texts), so how were they regarded?  Again those who were backed by influential patrons were highly respected…..  there were not many.