Ancient/Classical History - Ancient/Classical History - Homework Help

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About Maria
(Top Expert on this page)

Expertise
My field of expertise is Ancient Greek and Roman History.

Experience
Over 25 years teaching experience.

Education/Credentials
I received my Ph.D.from Genova University (Italy).

You are here: Experts > Homework Help > Ancient/Classical History > Ancient/Classical History

Questions Answered By Expert Maria
In Category Ancient/Classical History

Subject	Date Asked

Ancient Greek authors	11/19/2009
Q: researching history of censorship,encountered repeated references to "Sodatic" writers, attitudes, ... A: First of all the correct English adjective is “Sotadic”, not “Sodatic” where there is a ...
History: Rome	11/15/2009
Q: I was wondering if you had any reflections or thoughts about this"How did Rome define freedom?" A: For the Romans the concept of “freedom” (“libertas” in Latin) was closely connected with the ...
Ancient Rome	10/25/2009
Q: I have being reading up allot about Ancient Rome and I have come across the paterfamilias allot, I ... A: since your real question is whether there is a gap between theory and practice of the power of the ...
Ancient Greek Theatre - Actors	10/23/2009
Q: Why were women in ancient Greece not allowed to become actors? A: in ancient Greek theatre the actors were always men and women were not allowed to play a part in a ...
How 'Rome' can be perceived	10/2/2009
Q: In your opinion, could Rome be perceived as an idea as well as a city that represented an Imperial ... A: Actually Rome and its great civilization has been a real fact, of course, not only an idea, since ...
ironworking	9/29/2009
Q: Hallo Maria. In the 50 key fundamental dates of human history chosen by the historian Richard Overy ... A: Actually I’ve tried to find a primary source whence such a date can come, but I have to point out ...
please help	9/23/2009
Q: why did Rome divided into two parts(east and west)? A: Actually this question, which seems to be so simple, is very broad, instead, as it would need a ...
ancient families	9/16/2009
Q: even a very short answer is appreciated to my question on the differences among the forms of ... A: As I've already said, this is a very broad question since it regards the way of life as well as the ...
Two questions	7/13/2009
Q: First, how did Hannibal win at the Battle of the Trebia? and, would Hannibal have won at Zama if he ... A: Firstly this question refers to military history which is not my field of expertise, indeed! ...
a few greek words	6/24/2009
Q: I'm looking for some greek or latin concepts - written phonetically in the english alphabet, please ... A: I’m really sorry, but I cannot answer your question in this category which is ANCIENT/CLASSICAL ...
Ancient Greece	6/11/2009
Q: I am trying to find out about greek archers (not skythians or cretans) say acarnians. Did they shoot ... A: First of all this question is obviously related to military history which is not my specific field ...
Alexandria - Ra Kedet	5/6/2009
Q: I've read that Alexandria was founded at the site of a fishing village, called Ra Kedet. "Ra" ... A: Actually I am not an expert in Ancient Egyptian language and then I cannot help you with this ...
Chances of Recovery	4/30/2009
Q: Of the many ancient latin books lost to time, what chance is there of ever recovering them? Part of ... A: Unfortunately I think that it’s not so easy to discover the rest of The Satyricon attributed to ...
Mommsen and Latin Instruction	4/29/2009
Q: Do you know of any english biographies of Theodor Mommsen? Ive only found ones written in German. ... A: As far as I know, there is only an English biographie by the Oxford humanist William Warde Fowler, ...
world history	4/27/2009
Q: what were the persian's attributes as rules? A: The insignia of royalty of the ruler of Persia, the so-called ‘King of Kings’, were his royal robe ...
Senate	4/26/2009
Q: Tacitus aside, would you know of any works - classic or modern - that I could look for. A: Aside from Tacitus who in his Annals whose original title was “Ab excessu divi Augusti” (Following ...
history	3/26/2009
Q: Why are the buildings and artifacts so important to historians? A: The ancient buildings and artefacts are so important to historians and scholars simply because both ...
Hanging gardens of babylon	3/11/2009
Q: I need to talk to an expert. I have many questions but here are some: Why does no one know if they ... A: actually the hanging gardens of Babylon, one of the Seven Wonders of the World, perhaps built in ...
Ship Ahoy!	3/10/2009
Q: I'm trying to find the correct latin name for the so called 'slave driver' on a Roman galley. Often ... A: Actually there are two correct Latin terms to indicate the Roman officer who in a ship led at the ...
Roman's usage of 'gospel' and 'apostle' truth or fiction	2/17/2009
Q: Question 1: Could you please tell me if there is any truth to the manner in which the Romans used ... A: Actually I have to repeat that the Romans would never have used the terms ““euangelium” / ...
still curious	2/16/2009
Q: we have covered some of this in class now but im rather wondering what the underlying reasons for ... A: It’s obvious that the militaristic way of life of the Spartans dates back to local community’s ...
Roman's usage of 'gospel' and 'apostle' truth or fiction	2/15/2009
Q: Question 1: Could you please tell me if there is any truth to the manner in which the Romans used ... A: First of all the Latin terms “euangelium” or “evangelium”(“gospel”) and “apostolus” (“apostle”) do ...
spartan militarism	2/13/2009
Q: im a year 12 student studying sparta in ancient history, and im just wondering if you would be able ... A: the military way of life was so important to the Spartans simply because Sparta was a military ...
world history	2/6/2009
Q: I know this might be a bit on the outside of your expertise, but maybe you could point me in the ... A: I’m sorry, but the early cultures of Peru and Egypt are not my field of expertise, as you say, and ...
Identify a Greek relief	1/30/2009
Q: Maria, I know that your expertise is in history and not art, but I have tried other experts and none ... A: I think that this bas-relief shows Diana (Greek, Artemis), the Roman virgin goddess of ...
greek theatre	1/29/2009
Q: I was just wondering if you know when greek theatre began? And what the festival of dionosus is, how ... A: here are my answers to your questions: 1.”When Greek theatre began?” Ancient Greek theatre began ...
empires	1/21/2009
Q: The 12 most powerful empires in history are: 1. British Empire 2. Russian Empire 3. Spanish Empire ... A: First of all an empire (term derived from Latin “imperium” related to the verb “ imperare”, to ...
a sample dialogue	12/14/2008
Q: Could You give me an example: Engage Aristotle and Marcuse in a dialogue with Plato concerning the ... A: Please note that such an imaginary dialogue among Aristotle, Plato and Marcuse concerning the ...
Roman gods/goddesses	12/7/2008
Q: I am trying to figure out what the roman god/goddess of history student's is. A: Actually such a ‘roman god/goddess‘ did not exist, though we can say that Minerva, the Roman ...
Identification of Roman	12/4/2008
Q: I am reading Justinian: The Digest of Roman Law and I came across the person Servius. The passage ... A: This Servius is exactly Servius Sulpicius Rufus, Roman jurist ( c. 106 BC- 43 BC) who wrote many ...
Roman Consuls	12/3/2008
Q: Do you know how many Roman Consuls were previously lawyers? Thanks, Jake A: Among Roman consuls who were previously lawyers I can certainly quote Cicero, ‘consul designatus’, ...
Greek in 1st c. CE Rome	12/2/2008
Q: Epictetus, a Greek speaking slave/philosopher in 1st century Roman Empire, referred to God in ... A: The ancient Greek words “állou” (Greek letters, άλλου, in the genitive ...
ancient greek	11/19/2008
Q: Maria, would you please tell me what is the singular of Icthyophagi? Thank you. A: the singular of the name “Ichthyophagi” is “Ichthyophagus” which is the Latin transliteration of ...
In Defence of Lucius Lucinius Murena ?	11/18/2008
Q: I'm having trouble finding information about this topic in Roman History and thought you might know ... A: Cicero degrades lawyers simply because he considers himself not as a lawyer, but as an orator, ...
In Defence of Lucius Lucinius Murena ?	11/17/2008
Q: I'm having trouble finding information about this topic in Roman History and thought you might know ... A: Actually Cicero in his oration for Lucius Licinius Murena defends the power of eloquence when it is ...
"rioni" markers in Rome	11/11/2008
Q: My question is about the marble "rioni" markers that are mounted on buildings and are used to ... A: It is so: the marble "rioni" markers mounted on buildings and used to identify the various ...
Greek	11/8/2008
Q: What effect did mountins and seas have on the Greeks? A: It’s obvious that the presence of mountains caused the seclusion of certain part of the Greeks who ...
alliance of greek city-states	11/5/2008
Q: What alliance of Greek city-states helped bring greater defense and greater trade to the Aegean Sea ... A: this alliance of Greek city-states was the Delian league, a confederacy under the leadership of ...
Emperor Honorius	10/29/2008
Q: Darling, Lovely, Sweet, Kind Maria.... Remember me, Alan Cagle, Military History allexpert, and yes ... A: yes, I remember your question about "Delenda Carthago" and I’m glad to have helped you. As for the ...
Roman history	10/26/2008
Q: You gave me a great answer before on Octavian's lost legions. I was hoping that you can help me with ... A: Mark Antony and Octavia Minor, sister of the first Roman Emperor, Augustus (known also as Octavian) ...
Roman and Greek goddess	10/23/2008
Q: I was wondering if you would tell me a difference in myth between the Roman goddess Diana and the ... A: First of all the Roman goddess Diana (perhaps meaning “the shining one”), whose worship in Rome ...
Aristotle's view on tragedy	10/20/2008
Q: What is Aristotle's view on tragedy A: First of all you should have asked me this question in the categories Greek or Literature, as it ...
Troy 6-7	10/5/2008
Q: Simple: Who were the exact cultural/national inhabitants of Troy 6-7 ( The illiads era) In Depth: I ... A: This is a very broad question, indeed, in spite of its apparent simplicity. Anyway, without going ...
Rome	9/16/2008
Q: If Rome had flaws, was Rome a great empire? Do you know the time in which ... A: First of all the Roman empire, centred at the city of Rome (founded in 753 B.C.) and lasted until ...
roman ancient snake bracelet	9/5/2008
Q: .. Recently I had a dream with a girl I like ... in it was in the time of the Roman Empire ... and ... A: First of all you can see an image of a Roman snake bracelet at ...
ancient civilization	8/8/2008
Q: how do they call the student in ancient? A: It’s obvious that each ancient civilization used its own language to say “the student“ as well as ...
10th legio shield	8/1/2008
Q: I would like to find out how did the bull ( the enblem)in the shield of the 10th. legion ... A: Although shields are not my field of expertise, I think that the bull (“taurus”, in Latin) which ...
Lost legion	7/31/2008
Q: I was wondering if you could give me some information on Octavian's lost Legions. I believe it was ... A: First of all here are the Latin words that Octavian, i.e. Emperor Augustus, said when given the ...
Ancient Greek History	7/27/2008
Q: Did the ancient Greeks (400 to 600 BC) have any knowledge of the existence of China? A: As far as we know, there is no evidence that ancient Greeks had any knowledge of the existence of ...
Myths	7/7/2008
Q: Maria, I am currently a student at the University of Canterbury and I am conducting a research ... A: First of all in ancient times myths originated first to explain the existence of natural phenomena, ...
Ancient Rome	6/4/2008
Q: Why is it accurate to say that the wealth of the Roman Empire largely depended on an economy based ... A: It’s obvious that roads, coinage, foreign trade, and home trade were very important within the ...
Caduceus	5/30/2008
Q: I've often wondered what the symbols on the Caduceus meant. I recently heard that the Greeks meant ... A: Actually the Caduceus [Latin word for ancient Greek term “Kerykeion”/ “kerukeion”, derived from ...
old bronze coin	5/28/2008
Q: please could you help identify an old coin my father found about thirty years ago. it's about the ... A: The big fish could be a dolphin with which Neptunus, the Roman god of sea, i.e. the counterpart of ...
roman gladiators	4/24/2008
Q: What would happen if a gladiator ran away ? A: If a gladiator had run away, he would have been hunted, of course, and if he had been caught, he ...
HI	4/19/2008
Q: i have this project on Ancient Rome and one of the questions was ' Draw or insert a picture of the ... A: Here’s what you could tell about the Colosseum. Have a nice day, Maria ...
Giza Pyramids	4/18/2008
Q: I know you do not specialize in this...but maybe you can help since everyone is on vacation. My ... A: As you say, Ancient Egypt is not my field of expertise. Therefore the only thing I can tell you is ...
Latin/Roman saying	4/16/2008
Q: Desperately need the origin and context of the saying: "peace of Caesar," meaning that after war ... A: You are right: there is a quotation is from Tacitus ‘Agricola’, chapter 30, where the Roman ...
Colosseum/ Roman amphitheatre	4/12/2008
Q: I was wondering if you know who was the architect of Les Arènes, Nîmes and the Collesium in Rome? ... A: Actually nobody knows the name of the architect of the Colosseum in Rome, originally called Flavian ...
Hollywood vs History	4/11/2008
Q: I'm interested in the Hollywood vs History angle. The film "300" won big at the box office. How ... A: I’m sorry, but I did not watch the film "300" as I don’t like this kind of movies which pretend to ...
Sparta culture	3/29/2008
Q: I saw that you wrote that Sparta was a military state. Could you tell me how there culture was ... A: it is so: Sparta was a military city-state, very different from Athens where art, intellectual ...
Baths of Caracalla	2/21/2008
Q: My question is about the Baths of Caracalla. Could you tell me if the brick wall by the present day ... A: as far as I know, being not an archaeologist, M. Lucentini in his “La grande guida di Roma” is ...
Roman citizenship	2/11/2008
Q: Throughout the travels of the Apostle Paul the advantage of being a Roman citizen was apparent. How ... A: St.Paul, born perhaps in 10 AD in Tarsus of Cilicia ( Asia Minor, today Turkey) and executed in ...
Draco	1/31/2008
Q: I am interested in learning more specifics about Draconian Laws; unfortunately looking online or in ... A: Actually we know little or nothing about Draco (or Dracon) who is said to have introduced the ...
Godfather movie and Ancient Rome	1/24/2008
Q: there is a scene in the godfather movie where frank pentangile and tom (the lawyer) have a ... A: I could mention Gaius Piso, the Roman senator who in 65 AD led the Pisonian Conspiracy to overthrow ...
Aurelian walls	1/16/2008
Q: My question is about the Aurelian walls of Rome. When my wife and I last visited Rome we spent ... A: Actually the Aurelian walls, as well all the walls the Romans built all over their empire, had more ...
Aurelian walls	1/14/2008
Q: My question is about the Aurelian walls of Rome. When my wife and I last visited Rome we spent ... A: the Aurelian walls, as well as the Roman Forum, the Palatine Hill, the Capitoline Hill, the ...
pompeii	1/11/2008
Q: This may or may not be a subject within your professional experience but I could not find archeology ... A: as far as I know, being not an archaeologist, the excavations at Pompeii which began in the first ...
Mythology	1/10/2008
Q: What is the difference between Greek Mythology and Roman Mythology? A: Actually this question is too long and involved for me to help with, since it would need to make an ...
roman history	1/8/2008
Q: do you know a roman catholic priest who began the reformation ?? A: actually this question has nothing to do with Roman History as Ancient/Classical History, i.e. with ...
Roman chicken cages?	1/4/2008
Q: its really weird, i know, but could you please help me find more info on roman chicken cages? its ... A: Your question is quite weird indeed! Anyway it is also interesting. So a chicken cage, which in ...
Roman empire everyday life, 4th century C.E.	1/1/2008
Q: Could you suggest some websites and books that would give details of the everyday lives of average ... A: Actually it’s not so easy to find books / web sites which focus all their attention on the ...
Milliario della Via Emilia	12/31/2007
Q: Would you please help me understand: "Milliario della Via Emilia" I tried to look up "Milliario" ... A: first of all in the Italian dictionary you can find “miliario” which is the usual spelling ...
Bronze age Greeks	12/23/2007
Q: How did Bronze Age Greeks refer to the people of Nubia? Would they have called them Nubians or ... A: the Bronze Age which in Greece began around 2500 BC and can be divided in Middle Bronze Age (c. ...
Peloponnesian War	12/22/2007
Q: could you tell me please some information about the Tanagra Battle in the Peloponnesian War? Thanks ... A: The Battle of Tanagra which took place in 426 BC north of Athens in Boeotia, not far from Thebes, ...
Perseus	12/18/2007
Q: My name is Nick and I am doing a school project on Perseus. I am in 4th grade. I already know the ... A: Here are my answers to your questions: -1st.“Did Perseus fight a Chamera(sp) on his way to fight ...
the Pythagoreans	12/13/2007
Q: Do you know what social status the Pythagoreans had in their contemporary time? Do you know ... A: in their contemporary time the Pythagoreans were considered to be a secret religious brotherhood and ...
Ancient wonders	12/11/2007
Q: why is the wonders of the ancient world called 7 woenders? A: They was called the Seven Wonders of the World simply because they are really seven, according to a ...
Messapian Trozella...	12/10/2007
Q: I cannot find much out about the Messapian tribe down in the heel of Italy and am developing an ... A: first of all I’m glad that you has been very satisfied by my previous response and I thank you ...
Messapian Trozella...	12/9/2007
Q: I cannot find much out about the Messapian tribe down in the heel of Italy and am developing an ... A: First of all the ancient Greek name “Messápioi” (Latin “Messapii”) we read in some primary sources ...
western roman empire	12/8/2007
Q: what is one factor that led to the fall of western roman empire,that could lead to the fall of the ... A: The main factors which led to the fall of the great Roman Empire in 476 AD were the following: ...
EOKPATHE	12/6/2007
Q: You answered a question (I am pasting it here below) from someone named Leslie that made reference ... A: the word EOKPATHE, where the "O" has a line under it, seems to be written with an omega instead of ...
Roman history	11/26/2007
Q: Many texts say that soldiers in the roman army received "the mark of the legion". is this mark ... A: in his “Epitoma rei militaris“(Summary of military matters), book II, chapter 5, the Roman military ...
Battle of Thermopylae	11/25/2007
Q: Is the idea behind fighting at Thermopylae that the Persians had to come through there, and it ... A: Actually the Persians was obliged to go through the Thermopylae narrow pass which linked Greece ...
Ancient Greece Social Classes	11/24/2007
Q: what are all of the ancient Greek social classes A: First of all I have to tell you that I’ve already answered the same question about one moth ago, ...
Unification	11/18/2007
Q: I was reading a book on ancient Rome the other day and I wondered why the Romans could unify their ... A: In short I can tell you that the Romans were able to conquer and then unify Italy because they were ...
War of Troy	11/8/2007
Q: Do you think that in the war of Troy participated greeks? I have read many books about it and i ... A: As we read in Homer's Iliad, the Achaeans, i.e. the Greeks, participated in the Trojan War. In ...
Stages of Empire	10/27/2007
Q: During our lunch conversation at work last week the topic turned to history along with the present ... A: What empire are you referring to? I’m sorry, but I‘ve never heard of an hypothetic "Stage 4" of the ...
Spartacus	10/25/2007
Q: Can you give me some information about Spartacus? Oh and how many times did the rebels fight the ... A: Actually I’ve already answered this question on 10/18/07 when you asked me if Spartacus was “an ...
ancient greece	10/23/2007
Q: what social classes existed in ancient Greece? A: In spite of the apparent simplicity, this question is too long and would take too much time, since ...
Ancient Roman Trademarks	10/22/2007
Q: I'm writing a paper about the history of trademarks and I needs information about ancient Roman ... A: We know that Roman brick makers began to use stamps as identifying marks on bricks beginning from ...
Spartacus	10/18/2007
Q: Do you think Spartacus is an explorer if so why and if not why? A: Spartacus is not an explorer at all, of course!! He was a Thracian slave and gladiator who led a ...
Homer	10/15/2007
Q: If Homer was blind...how was the Illiad & Odyssey written ? On what ....tablets...wax...parchment & ... A: Actually nobody knows for certain and then can assert that Homer was blind as the details of his ...
Roman History	10/14/2007
Q: In what year or about what era/time did the Romans begin the practice of crucifixion ANSWER: Hello, ... A: As we read in The Law of the Twelve Tables, i.e. the ancient legislation which was written in ...
Roman History	10/13/2007
Q: In what year or about what era/time did the Romans begin the practice of crucifixion A: Apparently, the Romans began the practice of crucifixion at the end of the second century B.C., ...
Sciritai	10/13/2007
Q: I am reading a novel about ancient Sparta and came across the term "Sciritai". Can you please tell ... A: the term "Sciritai" which in ancient Greek was 'Skiritai' denoted exactly an unit of the Spartan ...
Stirrups	10/12/2007
Q: Could you tell me please whether the Romans horsemen used stirrups? Thanks a lot. Nancy A: The Roman horsemen, as well as the Greeks, did not know stirrups, as we can see in some low-reliefs ...
Ancient History	10/9/2007
Q: Did any Asian study in Alexandria during Euclid's time or slightly later? A: If Asian study refers to the study of the Far East , i.e. China and Japan, my answer is ...
acient greek clothes	10/7/2007
Q: hey, i was wondering if you knew the dates of the peplos from ancient greek clothing A: if you want to know the exact date when peplos began to be used, there is no answer as nobody knows ...
money!	9/22/2007
Q: studying texts i keep on getting information about money but have nothing to relate it to: do u know ... A: as far as I know, there is no online site where you can compare Roman money ( As, Sestertius, ...
Which king said this and why?	9/20/2007
Q: Who said something like this "One more such victory and the cause is lost”?. Hope you can help me. ... A: As we read in Plutarch’s ‘Life of Pyrrhus’, it was Pyrrhus, king of Epirus (today Albania), who ...
Mycenaean trade	9/19/2007
Q: was the Mycenaean trade just like Minoan trade? A: the Mycenaean trade can be considered the heir of Minoan trade, since after the destruction of ...
ancient germanic culture at begining of our era	9/16/2007
Q: could you please help me find more sources about (ancient germanic culture at begining of our era) ... A: actually Tacitus’ ‘Germania’ (Germany) and ‘De Vita Iulii Agricolae (‘Life of Agricola’), but only ...
Roman and Irish History	9/15/2007
Q: Even though the Roman Empire didn't conquer Ireland was there any Roman Empire culture influence? A: as far as we know, ancient Ireland, i.e. Hibernia as it was named by the Romans, was relatively ...
Roman Olympus	7/7/2007
Q: What is the Roman equivalent of the Greek Mount Olympus? Thank you A: Actually there is no Roman equivalent of the Greek Mt. Olympus as the legendary home of the twelve ...
Astronomy of Antiquity	6/30/2007
Q: I would like to know how was born astronomy in Greek civilization and which are the great schools ... A: We can say that astronomy was born in ancient Greek civilization in the 6th.century BC when Thales ...
Ancient Roman Coins	5/1/2007
Q: What purpose did it serve to have an emperor's portrait on a coin in Ancient Rome? Anja A: Emperor's portrait on the coins in Ancient Rome indicated obviously under what emperor the coin was ...
King Ramses II	4/13/2007
Q: I know that this may be out of your field of expertise but,I was wondering how was King Ramses II ... A: Ancient Egypt is not my field of expertise, as you say. Anyway I can tell you that the mummy of ...
HELP WITH TRADE ESSAY	4/4/2007
Q: What did the ancient Minoans import & export, with who, & what did they do with the imports? A: here's a brief outline which can help you with your essay on the Minoan trade. Obviously you must ...
Sparta, i.e. movie "300"	4/3/2007
Q: I realize that the movie "300", about Spartians vs Persians was a movie, not a documentary, but I ... A: Briefly I can tell you that Sparta was defeated and its government overthrown in 371 BC, while the ...
THE WHEEL	3/30/2007
Q: Who invented the wheel and where was it invented? A: Nobody can say who invented the wheel since there is no name related to this invention which ...
Roman Society	3/13/2007
Q: I teach Biblical Education to adults at our local church and am trying to gather material for our ... A: These three questions are really broad and then it would need too much time to answer. Therefore the ...
greece	3/4/2007
Q: Who was the first to speak greek? A: In Linguistics there is no answer to such a question, of course, since there is no one who was the ...
the iliad and the odyssey	2/25/2007
Q: In many ways, the two extant homeric epics have different subject matter, is there a marked ... A: Here are the main differences between The Iliad and The Odyssey. 1-While the most important ...
Alexander the Great	2/7/2007
Q: How did the greeks contributed to the modern theater? A: Actually the ancient Greeks were the inventors of the theatre. In fact the Western dramatic ...
Troy	2/5/2007
Q: Is Troy VIIa still thought to be Homer's Troy? Is there any _evidence_ that Troy VI was destroyed ... A: as far as I know, Troy VIIa is still thought to be Homer's Troy, first on the basis of styles of ...
Ancient Greek Plays	2/4/2007
Q: During what time of the day would the play be performed in ancient Greece? A: As far as we know, tragedies which were viewed as a form of ritual purification ('catharsis', in ...
Assassination of Julius Caesar	2/2/2007
Q: I've just finished "Caesar: Life of a Colossus" by Adrian Goldsworthy but I can't quite get my head ... A: After Caesar won the civil war against Pompey the Great [defeated in the battle of Pharsalus (48 BC) ...
troy	1/28/2007
Q: Apart from archaeological evidence, why do we think the Trojan War happened around 1250 BC? A: Apart from archaeological evidence, we can say that the Trojan War, whose story is contained in ...
Ancient Rome (First Triumvirate)	1/25/2007
Q: Considering your wealth of knowledge concerning ancient Rome, can you help me please, please in ... A: first of all I really believe that no comparison can be made between the Bush, Cheney, Rumsfeld ...
When Did Hannibal Loose Oppurtunity?	1/21/2007
Q: Do you know what year Hannibal had the oppurtunity to sack Rome but didn't? Is the reason known why ... A: Hannibal had the opportunity to sack Rome first in the summer of 217 BC after the battle of Lake ...
lower case letters	12/16/2006
Q: I tried to do some research myself and was wondering where Alcuin (700 AD) fits in, if at all. ... A: Glad to have helped you somehow. As for Alcuin of York, the Anglo-Saxon prelate and scholar who was ...
lower case letters	12/15/2006
Q: I was wondering if you could tell me the origin of lower case letters, as i believe that this ... A: Lowercase letters, also called ‘small', 'minuscule letters' in contrast to the majuscule, or ...
Maintaining the Colosseum	12/9/2006
Q: We are 11th grade students from Israel and we are doing an English project about the Colosseum. We ... A: the Colosseum, originally called the Flavian amphitheatre, begun by the emperor Vespasian, ...
fruit salads	11/18/2006
Q: whats the history on ancient greek fruit salad? A: there is no “ancient Greek fruit salad” as we know it today, at least! In fact fruit salad, i.e. a ...
Roman directions	11/15/2006
Q: What did they use for North, South, East and West before the compass? A: Following what we read in Gaius Iulius Hyginus “De Astronomia” (“On astronomy”), we can say that: ...
Hellenistic greek history	10/26/2006
Q: Maria, My name is Alexandru Moraru and I am a third year student at the History Faculty at the ... A: I’m sorry, but I’m afraid I cannot help you as there are not so many Internet sites that focus on ...
Rome and romance	10/14/2006
Q: Why is romance and romantic associated with Rome? And do they mean ancient Rome or some later Rome- ... A: Both “Romance”, as a noun/ verb/adjective, and “Romantic”, as an adjective, have to do with ancient ...
trierarchs	10/12/2006
Q: In Athens, one state liturgy was serving as a trierarch. Did the men have to know anything about ... A: The trierarch (‘triérarchos’, in ancient Greek) was the captain of a trireme in the classical ...
Masaccio and perspective	10/11/2006
Q: Why would an artist like Masaccio be attracted to a rational system like perspective to depict his ... A: First of all this question does not refer to ANCIENT/CLASSICAL HISTORY which ends in 476 AD ...
Tangra Battle	10/7/2006
Q: I am researching the Tanagra Battle in the Peloponnesian War. I'm not having very much luck finding ... A: The Battle of Tanagra which took place in 426 BC north of Athens in Boeotia, not far from Thebes, ...
Rome	10/5/2006
Q: I want to kno who was Horatius from rome , and why was importent? A: Quintus Horatius Flaccus (born 65 BC, Venusia, Italy – died 8 BC, Rome, Italy), known as Horace in ...
Aristotle's views on arts	10/3/2006
Q: Aristotle's views on arts as an imitation of nature. I actually want to know how Aristotle ... A: This literary question is very broad,indeed! Anyway I’ll try to make a brief summary about ...
bubonic plague	8/24/2006
Q: the bubonic plague known as the black death wiped out what percentage western europes population A: The Bubonic plague, also known as the Black Plague, because of the black spots it produced on the ...
Ancient Greek Theatre	8/22/2006
Q: I'm looking into Actors in Ancient Greece, and I was wondering how old the actors started to act? ... A: First of all ancient Greek theatre, which began as a religious ceremony in the 7th century BC, was ...
roman	8/18/2006
Q: Thanks very much A: In the Roman legions there were soldiers who came from all the regions of the Roman Empire which at ...
Celtic tribes of Britain	8/13/2006
Q: Can you explain why, on Ptolemy's map of British tribes, the 'Cornovii' appear twice, one in the ... A: First of all Ptolemy’s main sources of information about Britain were three, i.e. : -Caesar’s ...
Egypt mummification	8/11/2006
Q: Do Egyptians still mummify people in Egypt and if they don't, what do they do with dead people now? A: please note that my field of expertise is Ancient Greek and Roman History, not Egypt. In fact, when ...
Countries in Ptolemy Dynasty	8/8/2006
Q: How many countries were around in the period of Ptolemy Dynasty? A: First of all the Ptolemaic dynasty lasted about three centuries as it ruled over Egypt from 305 ...
Accuracy of W. Durant books	8/4/2006
Q: I have aquired the complete set of 11 books by Will Durant called The Story of Civilization. I have ... A: I think that Will Durant has had the merit of making popular history as he presents it in a widely ...
Roman seige of Jerusalem	8/2/2006
Q: I'm looking for information on the Roman attack on Jerusalem in 66 C.E. Any sources you could ... A: The Roman attack on Jerusalem in 66 AD happened during the the first Jewish-Roman War (66–73 AD), ...
Roman Civil Servants	7/24/2006
Q: I recall reading somewhere that ancient Roman civil servants were required to tend gardens in ... A: I think you refer to ancient Roman house servants, i.e. those who were privately employed to perform ...
Helo..	7/2/2006
Q: What is greek oration? i dont understand. A: Generally speaking a Greek oration is either “a formal speech, especially one given on a ...
Ancient Greek culture	6/24/2006
Q: Can you tell me how people greeted one another in ancient Greece (approximately 550 BC)? I am ... A: As in classical Greek texts we read the verb "dexioomai" which means exactly "I greet with the ...
Ancient Greek History	6/15/2006
Q: Subject: Ancient Greek History.In ï¿½The Praise Singerï¿½ (page 96-97) Mary Renault seems to say ... A: As you say, Athens was first sacked and burned by the Persians just after the Battle of Thermopylae ...
ancient rome	4/17/2006
Q: why were speaches so important in ancient rome?, I'm looking for any speeches from any emperors in ... A: Formal speeches, also called orations, were so important in ancient Rome not only because the art of ...
Hippocrates reference	2/18/2006
Q: While searching online, I came across some references on a Vegetarian site that said that ... A: I'm sorry, but I'm afraid I cannot help you. In fact,as far as I know, there is no passage where ...
translation	2/9/2006
Q: Im working on a coat of arms project and I want the following as my motto (it has to be in latin): ... A: Though in Shakespeare's Merchant of Venice, act I. sc. 1, “laugh” is not an imperative, I think that ...
history	1/8/2006
Q: 1. The first European country to reach India was a. Portugal b. England c. France d. Holland 2. The ... A: 1-The first European country to reach India was Portugal 2- The key to the interpretation of ...
ancient history	12/18/2005
Q: 1. The Golden Age of Athens was ruled by a. Solon b. Pericles C. Draco d. Clisthenes 2. The first ... A: here are the answers you need: 1-The Golden Age of Athens was ruled by PERICLES. 2-The first Latin ...
ancient egypt	11/19/2005
Q: what river was ancient rome built on? A: The river is the Tiber (Italian Tevere), of course. The city of Rome , founded in 753 BC, grew in ...
ancient egypt	11/19/2005
Q: what is the study of ancient civilizations called? A: Generally speaking, the study of ancient civilizations is called Ancient History. Ancient History ...
ancient Greece	11/18/2005
Q: Name a famous Greek philosopher or scientist. A: Famous Greek philosophers are for example: -Socrates of Athens (Born 469 BC Died 399 BC.) -Plato of ...
Geography Affect	11/13/2005
Q: How did Greek geography affect its cultural history? A: First of all I have to point out that this question too is broad and would need a long answer. ...
greek drama	9/22/2005
Q: How is the Oprah winfrey show similar to a modern day greek drama-like how would you compare a ... A: Please note that The Oprah Winfrey Show is simply a daytime television talk show which has NOTHING ...
Sellada	9/3/2005
Q: I am looking for information on the Cemeteries of Thera/Santorini; specifically on Sellada. Is an ... A: As far as I know, the cemeteries of Ancient Thera on Santorini island were situated in the Sellada ...
prostitution in the ancient world	8/15/2005
Q: On an Internet forum I've come across a feminist who stated that prostitution was degrading to women ... A: Here's some information about prostitution in Babylon, Mesopotamia, ancient Greece and Rome. So, in ...
Roman consuls	8/3/2005
Q: In the event that a consul died in office in the Roman Republic, was there any kind of tradition ... A: When one of the consuls had died, the rule was, that if either of the consuls died in the year of ...
Spartacus	7/18/2005
Q: Do you know where I can find a timeline about the slave Spartacus? Many thanks A: First of all, we know little or nothing of Spartacus, since all we know about him refers to his ...
Ancient/Classical History	7/17/2005
Q: I am researching Homer an the ancient Greeks for a art history class and want to know during what ... A: Although little is known about a blind poet called Homer, we can say that he flourished in the ...
Roman History	7/15/2005
Q: What type of art work would be depicted in Italy before the Romans? A: Before the Romans in Italy we have the Etruscan culture, i.e. the highest civilization in Italy ...
Roman History	7/15/2005
Q: What type of art work would be depicted in Italy before the Romans? A: Before the Romans in Italy we have the Etruscan culture, i.e. the highest civilization in Italy ...
Ancient/Classical History	7/12/2005
Q: "The rise of civilization" happened during what ancient period? A: I'm sorry, but it's impossible to answer this question as "the rise of civilization" happened in ...
Roman roads	6/13/2005
Q: Appromametally how many miles of road did the Romans build? Thanks! A: The Romans built over 53,000 miles (85,000 km) of paved roads throughout their empire, from Britain ...
Swastika and the Aryans	5/3/2005
Q: 1.What is the origin of the Swastika which place did it come from originally. 2.People of which ... A: here are my answers. 1-The swastika dates back to prehistoric men from the Mediterranean area to ...
Philip Il of Macedon	4/25/2005
Q: I beleive that Philip II of Macedon was murdered in October of 336 BC. What was the exact date? A: Actually the exact date not only is not known, but some historians even disagree about the month ...
Who	4/21/2005
Q: What Kingdom came after the Roman Empire that lasted for a short period of time? A: Do you refer to the Western Roman Empire that fell in 476 AD or to Eastern Roman Empire, i.e. the ...
2nd century BC Rome	3/9/2005
Q: I have an essay to write with the title: 'were the problems of the second century BC all about ... A: First of all the problems of the second century BC in Roman Republic were not all about land, ...
BOOKS	2/28/2005
Q: Maria. Congratulations and thanks for what you do here. I´m from Argentina, I feel passion about ... A: Glad to help you. So here are some books I can suggest to you. -The Oxford History of Greece & the ...
Aristotle's views on tragedy	2/27/2005
Q: I am trying to find out about Aristotle's views about tragedy in the Greek era. I have found some ... A: This is a very broad question indeed. Anyway I'll try to make a brief summary about Aristotle's ...
Minoan Merchant Ships	1/28/2005
Q: I'm trying to make a replica of a minoan trading vessel. However, I have not been able to find ... A: First of all I must point out that no wreck of a Minoan ship has ever been found in order to provide ...
Minoan trade	1/25/2005
Q: Where did the Minoan's trade. Did they trade only in the Eastern Mediterranean or did the trade ... A: In the 2000s BC, the people of Crete, i.e. the Minoans, began to sail the Mediterranean Sea, making ...
Ancient Greek Actors	1/24/2005
Q: There doesn't seem to be a lot of information about them on the internet and I'd like to know more ... A: With regard to your questions I'll tell you all we know about the actors in ancient Greece. ...
Ancient Greece	1/13/2005
Q: How did the Greek keep their food cold? A: First of all, I must tell you that the ancient Greeks used to eat fresh food like cheese, milk, ...
ANCIENT ROME	12/4/2004
Q: I WAS WONDERING IF YOU COULD ANSWER SO OF MY QUESTIONS IF YOU HAVE THE TIME 1. WHAT DID ANCIENT ... A: Here are my answers to your questions. 1st.WHAT DID ANCIENT ROMANS EAT ? ANSWER: The Romans used ...
Alexander the Great	12/1/2004
Q: Here are some of the questions we have concerning Alexander the Great: What is your theory on the ... A: Here are my answers. Feel free to develop them as they aim at giving you some suggestions. Good ...
Ancient Greek	11/24/2004
Q: I have a small statue with the name printed on the base. I would like to know more of him. I can ... A: Actually I think that the name EOKPATHE, which seems to be in ancient Greek, is wrong as it does not ...
Marking Time	11/16/2004
Q: I recently watched a TV special on Alexander the Great, but even before that, I was fascinated by ... A: First of all historians know precise details of the events they mention because we have both ...
Caeser	11/14/2004
Q: If you had to name the 'top 3' mad emperors of Rome, who would they be? And I seem to remember a ... A: If I had to name the 'top 3' mad emperors of Rome, they would be :CALIGULA (emperor from 37 to 41 ...
Iliad	11/7/2004
Q: "The Iliad" ends at Book 24. Hectors's body has just been recovered by Priam at the end. My question ... A: You are right: both the Trojan Horse and the death of Achilles do not appear in Homer's Iliad. It is ...
Re: Trojan War	11/3/2004
Q: how are you? I think I e-mailed you a question before. But anyway.lol. I was wondering if you can ... A: I think you asked me about Oedipus, Creon and Orestes in the category Literature. Well, as for the ...
Greek Oration	10/1/2004
Q: Was the paraphrased partial quote "It is better to live for one's country than to die....." made by ... A: I'm afraid I cannot help you as this phrase is too vague and could adjust to many contexts (e.g., ...
Herodotus the historian from greece	9/19/2004
Q: why was it unusual to be a historian in about 480 - 425 BC? A: The Greek historian Herodotus, who lived from c.480 to c.425 BC, was certainly the world's first ...
roman history	9/11/2004
Q: In Pompeii how were some of the ruins were damaged in 1943 A: Some of the ruins in Pompeii, the ancient city south of Naples destroyed by an eruption of Mount ...
Olympics	8/31/2004
Q: Where was the first modern Olympic games held? Where were ancient Olympics held? A: the first modern Olympic games took place in ATHENS, Greece, in 1896. The ancient Olympic Games ...
Status of Roman writers	8/27/2004
Q: I am recently doing an assignment on Roman medical/encyclopedia writer Celsus. I couldn't find any ... A: Here are my answers to your questions. They are brief of course, but maybe of some help to you. ...
herodot's books	8/25/2004
Q: the adresse of the herodot's first book is? (1)the old Rome (2)the old Athens (3)the history (4)the ... A: The answer is:the history. In fact Herodotus First Book, called Clio, is an account of the ...
Translation from English to Latin	8/23/2004
Q: I am trying (badly) to translate the following phrase from English to Latin: "We who are about to ... A: although this category ( ancient/classical history) refers to Ancient Greek and Roman History, not ...
Greek/Roman military training	8/16/2004
Q: I am looking for resources/informations regarding the physical training for soldiers in Ancient ... A: Here are some suggestions about Roman/Greek military training. ROME. As for Rome, I must point out ...
fall of Rome	7/19/2004
Q: I'm doing a paper on the fall of Rome and want to explore Rome's population and demographic changes ... A: Here's a list of other authors you could read, besides E.Gibbon, J. B.Bury and A.Ferrill. Hope it ...
Dear Maria, I would just...	7/14/2004
Q: I would just like to know how Caesar had achieved enough 'Dignitas' to enable him to contest the ... A: First of all the primary sources for Julius Caesar's life are the ancient biographies of Suetonius ...
Spelling in Greek	7/12/2004
Q: I just noticed that you may have forgotten a letter in spelling “Lakedaimonia” – am I right in ... A: You are right! Sorry, I have forgotten the “nu” between the omicron and the last iota. ...
Troy	7/2/2004
Q: What was the government like in ancient troy.How did they stand politically. A: First of all ancient Troy was a city that in 12th. century BC had a great power because of its ...
Alexander The Great	5/27/2004
Q: Need to know for my social studies class why Alexander The Great named his cities "Alexandria", ... A: Alexander the Great used the name “Alexandria”(Greek, ‘Alexandreia') in the feminine, as ...
population	5/25/2004
Q: Do you know what the world population was around 1500bc? Or Egypts? A: First of all I have to point out that estimates of ancient population figures are mostly more or ...
Teuca	5/17/2004
Q: Could you tell me please who was Teuca? Did such a person ever exist? Thanks a lot for your time. A: first of all, I have to correct this name as it is TEUTA, not Teuca. So, TEUTA(aka Tefta)was the ...
Ancient greek fashion and social classes	5/4/2004
Q: How did ancient greek fashion vary from the different social classes? A: Generally speaking, fashions in ancient Greece were simple as clothing expressed practical function ...
Cn. Pompeius Magnus	5/3/2004
Q: Can you tell me where the house of Pompey the Great was located? Was it near the Via Lata and the ... A: I am sorry, but I'm not able to answer definitely this question. In fact, while there are some ...
The Roman Gods	4/30/2004
Q: I am a seventh grader at the Springfield Middle School of Pennsylvania. Right now, a current project ... A: FOLLOW UP I'd like to point out that I've answered your question within three hours, which is a ...
Ancient history	4/23/2004
Q: Maria- You did not answer the question. A person living in the year we call 2 BC would have no idea ... A: Actually I did not answer your question as it was not clear enough! It is obvious in fact that “a ...
Ancient history	4/22/2004
Q: What was the year 2 BC called in 2 BC ? A: The year 2 BC is obviously the year 2 Before Christ, that is before the Nativity. Years are in fact ...
Jason and The Argonaughts	4/20/2004
Q: I am a university lecturer in architecture based in Scotland and my research area concerns earth ... A: I wish I could help you with this question, but it is impossible, as far as I know. First of all, ...
crucifixion	4/12/2004
Q: Please could you tell me what historians generally think about Christ's crucifixion recorded in the ... A: Actually we have not many literary sources about Christ's crucifixion,barring the Gospels, i.e. the ...
Polycrates Palace	4/11/2004
Q: It´s so happens that I found a little hellenistic statue (Cybele)in Pythagorion 3 years ago which I ... A: Unfortunately there is no online library or book about archaeological discoveries on Samos island. ...
Polycrates Palace	4/10/2004
Q: ´Hello!! I´m wondering if you know anything about Polycrates Palace on Samos. The location and how ... A: Actually we know little or nothing about Polycrates Palace on Samos. What we can say is that this ...
latrunculi	3/23/2004
Q: in the roman game latrunculi i was wondering if you know, in the propesed rules can the peices jump ... A: Granted that the exact rules of this game are not known, as there can be little doubt that the ...
Kolaios?	3/8/2004
Q: Could you tell me please who was an ancient Greek person called KOLAIOS? Thanks in advance for your ... A: According to Herodotus, one of the most important Greek historians flourished in the 5th. century ...
The Twelve Tables	3/3/2004
Q: Could you help me please with the following question? "Why were the Twelve Tables an important ... A: The Twelve Tables (451 BC), drawn up by the 'decemviri legibus scribundis' (meaning “board of ten ...
Teutoburg	2/26/2004
Q: I'd like the most accurate information about the Battle of the Teutoburg Forest. Could you help ... A: here are the info you asked me. The Battle of the Teutoburg Forest was fought in 9 AD, on a summer ...
Roman history	2/25/2004
Q: I know that the Battle of the Teutoburg Forest was fought in 9 AD. What was the exact date of the ... A: I am sorry, but it is impossible to give you a precise answer. In fact, as far as we know, the only ...
phoenician ..	1/17/2004
Q: Could you draw up a list of trade supplies and food supplies for a phoenician trading voyage 1000 ... A: Here are the lists you asked me: LIST OF TRADE SUPPLIES: -Fabrics in linen, wool, cotton, and ...
Violence in Roman Times	11/25/2003
Q: I am writing a college paper on violence and I wanted to compare violence in the Roman empire to ... A: Here are some suggestions about references to punishment and violence in Roman Empire. Hope they can ...
Roman Empire	11/9/2003
Q: What language did the Roman empire speak? Latin or Italian? Thanks for your time. A: The Romans spoke Latin, of course, not Italian. Latin is in fact the language spoken first in ...
Roman or Italian	10/7/2003
Q: Maria, when Rome had its empire, the people of Rome were all citizens,but what about the other ... A: This is a quite complex question, though it seems to be very simple. Anyway I'll try to give you a ...
Byzantines and Muslims	8/15/2003
Q: I will begin with my insights on the subject: The ... A: First, I have to point out that my field of expertise covers Ancient Greek and Roman History until ...
The Decline and Fall of the Roman Empire	8/12/2003
Q: I'm having a difficult time with the study of the Roman Empire. The empire was divided into the ... A: This is a very broad question indeed and it would need a long and detailed answer, but this is not ...
Hercules fighting Triton.	8/6/2003
Q: Did really Hercules/Herakles fight Triton? Is there a myth about this battle which appears on some ... A: Actually there is no mythical reason for this struggle between Hercules/Herakles and Triton, though ...

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