Expert: Maria - 3/1/2007

Question
I'm researching ancient Sparta and Rome at the moment and cannot find consistent translations for the following from english to the respective language:
warrior - Ancient Greek (Spartan) Translation
Caesar - Ancient Latin (Roman) Translation
Thanks for any help you can offer.  

Answer
Hello,

The noun “warrior” can be translated in ancient Greek as follows:

1-“polemistés” (1st. declension,  nominative masculine singular).
or:
2-“stratiótes” (1st. declension,nominative masculine singular).

Please note that unfortunately the system does not allow  the use of  Greek alphabet  and diacritic marks.
Therefore the only thing I can do is to write each Greek letter of the Latin transliteration “polemistés” and “stratiótes “, so that you can see (and maybe copy) these letters at the sites I mention below (see at bottom).

As for the name “Caesar”, it is Latin, since English simply repeats the Latin name which in full is "Caius Iulius Caesar".
The Latin name "Caesar" is pronounced in English as "Chèzar" or "Kaèzar"(see at bottom).

Finally I have to tell you that Ancient Greek was the language of Athens, Sparta and the whole Greece, as well as classical Latin was the language of the Romans in Italy and in the whole Roman Empire.

Best regards,
Maria
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"Polemistés" ( pi-omicron-lambda-epsilon-mu-iota-sigma-tau-eta with rhe acute accent- sigma)

"Stratiótes" (sigma-tau-rho-alpha-tau-iota-omega with the acute accent-tau-eta-sigma).

Note that there are two forms for the letter Sigma. When written at the end of a word, it is written like a S. If it occurs anywhere else, it is written like a 6.

See Greek alphabet at:
http://www.ibiblio.org/koine/greek/lessons/alphabet.html
http://www.greek-language.com/alphabet

CAESAR in Latin is pronounced "Chèzar",according to Scholastic pronunciation, i.e. :
C like the CH in ‘church’;
AE like the E in ‘bed’;
S  like the Z in ‘zebra’;
A like the A in ‘marble’
R as R in ‘roar’.   

But CAESAR can be pronounced also "Kaèzar", according to Classical pronunciation, i.e.:
C like the C in ‘cat’or the K in 'keep'
A like  the A in ‘marble’
E like the E in ‘bed’
S  like the Z in ‘zebra’;
A like the A in ‘marble’
R as R in ‘roar’.