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About Ralph Salier
(Top Expert on this page)

Expertise
Archaeologist for the last 30 years. Norh American generalist and Hopwell culture/Red Ocher culture specifically. Lithics Expert and Ground Stone tools.

Experience

Past/Present clients
Numerous museums in US and Canada. Several University Anthropology Departments.

   

You are here:  Experts > Science > Archaelogy > Archaeology

Questions Answered By Expert  Ralph Salier 
In Category  Archaeology

SubjectDate Asked

burying process12/1/2008
  Q: What factors account for the process of burying ancient archeological sites? Why are such finds ...
  A: Not all sites are deeply buried, take Stone Henge for example. But many sites are deeply buried and ...
Oetzi!11/30/2008
  Q: I have another question about the Oetzi. I was researching about the Oetzi. I need to Compare and ...
  A: Oezti is genetically and physically a modern human. There is NO difference between Oezti and you or ...
College11/28/2008
  Q: I am from Puerto Rico and I want to study archeology. I am in my first year of college, studying ...
  A: Ok, The reason for making a "choice" sooner rather then later is that the methods used in Europe vs. ...
Oezti!11/26/2008
  Q: I need a bit of help with the OETZI. Could you tell me some theories on WHY THE OETZI LIVED ON THE ...
  A: Oetzi did not live on the Alps but rather was a traveller thru the Alps. Based on the materials ...
College11/25/2008
  Q: I am from Puerto Rico and I want to study archeology. I am in my first year of college, studying ...
  A: First of all you will need to determine what kind of archaeology you are interested in, for ...
Radiocarbon dating of animal bones.11/22/2008
  Q: How accurate is the radiocarbon dating of early animals bones?Is the plus or minus 120 years ...
  A: Radiocarbon dating of any thing but charcoal has limitations. However, in the last few months I ...
Archaelogist recently moved to Pittsburgh11/11/2008
  Q: I recently moved to Pittsburgh and I have a BA in Social Science Education and courses in ...
  A: I have no idea what took you away from paridise but there are jobs in Pittsburg on occasion. Since ...
Help/Advice to become a shovel bum!11/9/2008
  Q: I would like to learn/work more about archaeology. I'm a former college prof with specialty in ...
  A: If you are close to Chicago, then you have some great opportunities. The U of Chicago and ...
Help/Advice to become a shovel bum!11/8/2008
  Q: I would like to learn/work more about archaeology. I'm a former college prof with specialty in ...
  A: The 2009 field school book is in the process of being compiled. I would join www.shovelbums.org and ...
Grad Schools?11/5/2008
  Q: Ralph, I'm currently a junior majoring in History and Philosophy with minors in Chemistry and ...
  A: You are taking one heck of a course load! Good grief.... Columbia University University of ...
Archaeology education11/3/2008
  Q: I am a junior in high school and am very interested in archeology. I have been looking at colleges ...
  A: The degree is ALWAYS in anthropology. Archaeology is an off shoot of Anthro. Besides, to ...
How to become an Archeologist10/31/2008
  Q: I am a sophomore in High School, and I am really interested in archeology. However, I don't know if ...
  A: Join www.shovelbums.com. They list all kinds of jobs, both paying and volunteer as well as field ...
where do I start10/31/2008
  Q: Mr. Salier, I'm currently enlisted in the US Air Force in the field of intelligence. I've completed ...
  A: I used to live in Newport News. With a background in Geospatial have you considered getting a ...
College for Archaeology10/30/2008
  Q: Salier I am writing to you by reason of me wanting to attend college to study archaeology. Firstly I ...
  A: If you goal is to work in a museum then you are looking for a degree in museology (Museum Sciences). ...
College for Archaeology10/30/2008
  Q: Salier I am writing to you by reason of me wanting to attend college to study archaeology. Firstly I ...
  A: Sweden has a rich history and a lot of archaeological materials from pre-Viking times through the ...
Please answer10/20/2008
  Q: I've decided i want to be an archeologist it seems so interesting but I don't know a good college ...
  A: The University of North Texas has a good program as does the main campus in Austin. You have a long ...
Armature archaeology10/19/2008
  Q: What is an armature archaeology?
  A: An amature archaeologist is a person who is interested in archaeology but has not had formal ...
Archeology Fieldwork10/17/2008
  Q: I just received my GED test results and am waiting to start Austin Community College to major in ...
  A: Typically most sites were you can volunteer take place during the summer months vs. the school year. ...
FOLLOW UP: CONCERNING AUSTRALIAN ABORIGINES10/16/2008
  Q: I'm sorry to ask these follow up questions to respond to your answers: You said that "the distance ...
  A: My appologies, I said Borneo and I ment Papua New Guinea. If you take a look at the depth of the ...
CONCERNING AUSTRALIAN ABORIGINES10/16/2008
  Q: I'm just a layman interested in our journey as a species spreading from Africa to the rest of the ...
  A: During the various glaciations, the water levels of the oceans were much lower then they are today. ...
Archeology?10/13/2008
  Q: I am currently a sophomore in college. At the moment i am finishing up my core requirements for such ...
  A: How about a combination of the two? Genetic Anthropology. This looks at the migratory patterns of ...
Career10/8/2008
  Q: Obviously, like almost everyone else who has asked you a question, I was interesteed in a career as ...
  A: You are the second person tonight interested in Mesoamerican Archaeology. You did not mention what ...
Studying archaeology10/7/2008
  Q: I'm currently a sophmore in high school in California and am interested in studying mesoamerican ...
  A: Well there are lots of colleges and universities that have courses re: Mesoamerican Archaeology and ...
Mediterranean Archaeology10/1/2008
  Q: Salier, My name is Rose and I'm a freshman at Columbia University. I'm going to major in ...
  A: Columbia is a great school for the Classics. But for a PhD, go to Cambridge or Oxford in the UK. U ...
Machupicchu9/29/2008
  Q: I have gotten into a dispute of whether or not Machupicchu could be built using today's technology. ...
  A: The answer is yes. With todays technology we could build Machu Pichu. What is amazing is that it ...
veterinarian and archeology9/18/2008
  Q: I want to be a veterinarian but I also want a minor in Archeology and I am having trouble finding ...
  A: Being a vet takes a lot of time and you need to go to vet school for this. It is like becoming a ...
Ruenstones in SE Kansas?9/2/2008
  Q: I grew up on a farm in extreme SE Kansas about 100 north of the Heavener OK Ruenstone site. In our ...
  A: Even cow pastures were probably plowed at some point in time. But as children, unique things in the ...
Ruenstones in SE Kansas?9/2/2008
  Q: I grew up on a farm in extreme SE Kansas about 100 north of the Heavener OK Ruenstone site. In our ...
  A: Do you have a photo of the stone or perhaps a rubbing you may have done as a child? Do you live ...
Egyptology college? Suggestions?8/30/2008
  Q: Salier, I'm currently a sophomore, and since I was little, I have dreamt of nothing more then ...
  A: U of Chicago, Columbia U, Cambridge, Oxford U, U of Cairo (Egypt), would be the top schools with ...
10 year old in 10th grade8/12/2008
  Q: I have a genius 10 year old. She'll graduate from high school by 13. She is highly interested in ...
  A: This is a tough one. At the ripe old age of 13 even in college, she will not be permitted on most ...
Archaeology Degree8/9/2008
  Q: Ralph. I have been very interested in archaeology and history in general for a long time now. I am ...
  A: I take it that your parents are not too thrilled by the idea that you want to be an archaeologist. ...
Local Archeology Digs7/31/2008
  Q: my name is Carlos and this year I am beginning my freshman year at Seton Hill University. I am ...
  A: Does Seton Hill have an Archaeology Program? If so, they may have a summer field school where you ...
College7/21/2008
  Q: of archaeology. I was wondering what are the best colleges in the states that offer archaeology? I ...
  A: Columbia University or University of Chicago in the states, Oxford, Cambridge or the U of London in ...
A possible back-up degree7/18/2008
  Q: Salier, as a rising senior interested in archaeology, but open to most anthropology feilds, iv been ...
  A: Photography is a key and esential part of archaeology. Photographs are taken at every step of site ...
Good programs in Alabama7/18/2008
  Q: Are there any good anthropology/archaeology progams offered at universities in the state of ...
  A: Well I must say that your first choice is a great backup since working as an archaeologist will not ...
Good programs in Alabama7/18/2008
  Q: Are there any good anthropology/archaeology progams offered at universities in the state of ...
  A: Both schools have small programs that are OK. What do you want to do with a degree in Archaeology? ...
prehistoric and current Native American traditions7/14/2008
  Q: I’m student at NIC and am writing a paper about prehistoric people in North America. I understand ...
  A: Not being a Native American, I do not feel comfortable answering these question on behalf of the ...
North American prehistoric people7/13/2008
  Q: What is your opinion of the hypothesis that claims the first people in North America over-hunted and ...
  A: Not being a Native American but knowing many stories of various tribes, I am not aware of any ...
Need advice on how to get started late in life7/12/2008
  Q: Need some advice please. I am a life long extremely passionate wannabe archaeologist. I have no ...
  A: Here are some options. There may be some volunteer opportunities in your area. Contact the office ...
Volunteer in Arch. Digs in Houston Area7/9/2008
  Q: I live in Houston and would like to find where I can volunteer my services as a non professional in ...
  A: www.houstonarcheology.org/ The Houston Archaeological Society has monthly meetings and during the ...
Archeology college in the NW6/5/2008
  Q: I am looking for a good college that will help me earn a masters degree (maybe PhD later) in ...
  A: The degree is in Anthropology with specialization in Archaeology. Most are in the "Arts" area since ...
Archeology college in the NW6/5/2008
  Q: I am looking for a good college that will help me earn a masters degree (maybe PhD later) in ...
  A: I hate to tell you this but you will need to be a bit more focused. Most universities tend to ...
Archaeology Question6/1/2008
  Q: Do you know any colleges in the Midwest with decent Archeology programs? I am currently at the ...
  A: In the Midwest the best school is U of Chicago. Followed by the U of Illinois (Carbondale). U of ...
looking to volunteer5/21/2008
  Q: osiyo/hello. Ralph i live in McCreary county Kentucky i was wondering if you can help me find out ...
  A: I am not aware of any projects in the county that you could get to easily. In most cases you would ...
Archaeology and Mayan Culture5/18/2008
  Q: I'm planning on getting a degree in Archaeology, and furthering that to a PhD (yes, I have a back up ...
  A: U of Arizona has a great program but it is focused on the South Western US. The best way to do what ...
good colleges4/15/2008
  Q: Salier, as the many others who have asked, i am also highly interested in the study of archaeology ...
  A: Try U of Pennsylvania, Columbia, U Mass, or Seaton Hall. All have good programs. But, as I tell ...
Burial Mounds and Reports of Big Skeletons4/15/2008
  Q: I recently started reading a lot of the old Smithsonian reports about the mounds, specifically in ...
  A: The measurement of bones to determine the height of an individual is not an exact science but you do ...
amatures and archaeology3/18/2008
  Q: If an amateur had a place that he/she had permission to excavate by the persons who owned the ...
  A: When it comes to burials, there are very strict laws which can even run a professional into trouble. ...
Volunteer/ Arhcaeology as a hobby3/6/2008
  Q: My question is two parts. I have always had a great interest in archaeology but have recently been ...
  A: Generally speaking if you are a volunteer on a legitimate archaeological site being run by a ...
Volunteer Work in Archaeology1/31/2008
  Q: Ralph, My son is a senior in high school and he has expressed an interest in archaeology, but he's ...
  A: The North Carolina Archaeological Society has two chapters. One on the coast and the other in the ...
All ruins are made of only stone, but were they always?1/22/2008
  Q: Is it possible that ruins we uncover from ancient civilizations were made of more than just the ...
  A: I hope that you got some sleep. Most reconstructions you see on TV are fairly good. As archaeology ...
All ruins are made of only stone, but were they always?1/22/2008
  Q: Is it possible that ruins we uncover from ancient civilizations were made of more than just the ...
  A: We think of ruins as stone structures. But you are right, we find many kinds of structures built of ...
Incas/Peru Artifacts?1/17/2008
  Q: I found 2 boxes of this pottery in the basement. I believe they are pre-columbian, but do not know ...
  A: These are rather interesting. Would you be kind enough to take more photos and this time place a ...
asking abt something1/8/2008
  Q: why do u think it is important for an archaeologist to keep good notes
  A: A very good question. Imagine that the site is like a book. Each time you put shovel or trowel to ...
recording's1/7/2008
  Q: why is it important for archaeologists to "date" their findings?
  A: Dating the find is critical to the understanding of the way and when the deposit was made so that it ...
Different Worlds meet, Beginnings to 162512/30/2007
  Q: Women had a strong voice in government in the nation of A.England B.Aztec C.Spain D.Iroquois
  A: In both England and Spain during the reigns of the queens, they controlled the destinies of their ...
Archaeology12/7/2007
  Q: my name is Erin. I'm a grade 11 student in Manitoba Canada. I've been doing a little research on ...
  A: Good grades, extra curricular activities, being a member of local service organizations all help get ...
Chemistry in the field of Archaeology / past food diet12/4/2007
  Q: I'm student in chemistry, and I'm doing a project for English currently, and with my team, we've ...
  A: Yes, a great deal of work has been done in the area of ancient food science. Today we can recover ...
middle eastern archaelogy12/1/2007
  Q: i understand that cambridge, and the university of cairo would be the best for pursuing middle ...
  A: Which branch of Middle Eastern Archaeology? Ancient Egypt, Ancient Mesopotamia, Troy, Ancient India, ...
American Indians11/29/2007
  Q: My name is Emily and I am very young. I am still in elementary school but I want to be an ...
  A: Since you are a Native American there are lots of great opportunities for you to go to college when ...
College11/19/2007
  Q: What colleges prepare you for like other country occupations, such as South America, Scandinavia, ...
  A: Well Columbia has programs in Europe and South America, FSU has some Meso American studies, U of ...
Anthropology/Archaeology11/14/2007
  Q: I've wanted to be an archaeologist since I can remember and I have finally started going back to ...
  A: If you are interested in Archaeology, go to FSU Tallahassee, there you can get the field school ...
underwater archaeology11/14/2007
  Q: I will be attending The university of Buffalo for their anthropology/ archaeology program in the ...
  A: Both are good schools, both have good programs. Both do field schools including under water field ...
underwater archeologist college11/10/2007
  Q: hey mr. salier i am a huge fan of under water archeology and really want to be a underwater ...
  A: Congratulations for being in the IB program, my youngest son is a junior in the IB program in a ...
Archaeology11/2/2007
  Q: Hey its jake again, well im just trying to figure out what to do with life. I have always been ...
  A: They do have a good program. Arizona has a better one but their scope is mostly Southwestern ...
Nautical Archeology10/31/2007
  Q: Hey, my name is Jake and i have just a few questions for u. I have allways been interested in ...
  A: Tell me a bit more about yourself and your interestes. For instance, do you have a diver's ...
underwater archaeology10/26/2007
  Q: I will be attending The university of Buffalo for their anthropology/ archaeology program in the ...
  A: Sure is, there are several fields that might be of interest, 1) Forensic Anthropology (as in Bones ...
underwater archaeology10/26/2007
  Q: I will be attending The university of Buffalo for their anthropology/ archaeology program in the ...
  A: UB has a good program but not for underwater archaeology. U of Florida has both good programs in ...
archaeology10/12/2007
  Q: hafa adai [hello] my name is Inez P. I am currently a junior in High School and i live on a small ...
  A: Yes, A double major with Forensic Anthro would be an excellent choice. The Physical ...
archaeology10/11/2007
  Q: hafa adai [hello] my name is Inez P. I am currently a junior in High School and i live on a small ...
  A: Guam has some very interesting archaeological remains both from a historical perspective but also ...
Study of Archeology10/3/2007
  Q: Currently our daughter is a sophomore at Mt. Holyoke College in MA. Her major is Anthropology, minor ...
  A: She is going to a great school!! My daughter graduated from Mt. Holyoke in 2004 in biology and then ...
Volunteer9/22/2007
  Q: My wife and I will be retiring in a few years and I was wondering if you knew of any place where we ...
  A: I used to live in Greensboro and taught at Greensboro College back in the 1980's. And yes, I taught ...
Volunteer9/22/2007
  Q: My wife and I will be retiring in a few years and I was wondering if you knew of any place where we ...
  A: This is something that you can do at any time. Please let me know where you live and I will direct ...
PhD in archaeology9/7/2007
  Q: What am I able to do this a PhD in Archaeology? I was talking to my friend telling him i wanted to ...
  A: I hate to tell you this but I don't have a PhD in Archaeology. I have a Masters in Business ...
Archaeology doctorates/ subfields8/25/2007
  Q: Salier I am a Junior at Crystal River High and I have been interested in Archaeology since I was in ...
  A: A very wise person once told me that IF I persue a career in Archaeology, I must also have a back up ...
Just a beginner8/17/2007
  Q: I've become really interested in Archaeology recently, and was considering studying the field for a ...
  A: The best for what you are looking at, at the moment is U of Arizona. Followed by UC San Diego and U ...
RE was god an astronaut?8/15/2007
  Q: im currently rereading a book of my fathers, which was written in the 60's by one Erich von Daniken, ...
  A: The basic answer is NO. Mr. Von Daniken was very liberal with his interpretations and math. Also ...
Identification of formation or site?8/11/2007
  Q: 30°43'44.15"N 7°54'16.85"E - This location on google earth shows a formation in the desert ...
  A: What you are seeing in this location is an old salt works. The Twareg and other Algerian and north ...
phd in archaeology8/10/2007
  Q: I am planning to study MesoamErican archaeology on phd level in the United States. My further ...
  A: In order to help you, I have some questions for you: 1) What aspect of MesoAmerican Archaeology: ...
amature archaeology8/5/2007
  Q: I was just wondering are there certification programs you can do to work as a low level ...
  A: A number of states do have certification programs generally thru community colleges. These are ...
Archaeology/Anthropology/Ethnobotany8/4/2007
  Q: I will be a high school junior and am starting to look at colleges. I would like to study ...
  A: From your opening statement, you indicated ethnobotany which lead me to believe that your interest ...
Archaeology/Anthropology/Ethnobotany8/4/2007
  Q: I will be a high school junior and am starting to look at colleges. I would like to study ...
  A: None of the above will meet your needs. Try Seaton Hall, U of Arizona, Arizona State, U of Chicago, ...
college programs7/31/2007
  Q: My name is Mercedes Taylor, I'm a sophmore in highschool, and I am looking to pursue a career in ...
  A: this is a very tough field to break into. But if you are determined> University of Pennsylvania, ...
What kind of careers are there in Archaeology?7/14/2007
  Q: It has been my dream now for about ten years to become an Archaeologist. I am twenty nine years ...
  A: Yes, you can dig in a lot of different places if, you are willing to be relatively poor for the rest ...
Archaeology Digs7/9/2007
  Q: Could you please tell me how to find out about local archaeology digs in my area that would allow a ...
  A: Check out the website indicated below. http://www.txarch.org/arch/regional.html#5 you are located ...
Archaeology Digs7/9/2007
  Q: Could you please tell me how to find out about local archaeology digs in my area that would allow a ...
  A: In every state of the union and most of Canada there are amature or professional/amature ...
Chemistry in Archaeology5/24/2007
  Q: I'm doing a project in Chemistry actually, but since I have a passion for history, I've decided to ...
  A: Chemistry is very important to Archaeology. Yes, of course in C14 dating but also in ...
History5/9/2007
  Q: What social, cultural and intellectual baggage did the English bring with them to the New World in ...
  A: Like Manifesdestiny, Enlightenment came with industrialization and the desire to expand. It was ...
Viking Runestone4/21/2007
  Q: a friend of mine came across a stone about 10 years ago and it had symbols all over it. He didn't ...
  A: My email is rsalier@hotmail.com. Please send me the pic and I'll be happy to take a look at it. ...
History4/16/2007
  Q: What social, cultural and intellectual baggage did the English bring with them to the New World in ...
  A: I guess I am a bit stumped by the question. The United States, Mexico and Canada are among the ...
History4/14/2007
  Q: What social, cultural and intellectual baggage did the English bring with them to the New World in ...
  A: Some yes and some no. For instance the English came in search of gold but found none while the ...
paleontogy4/13/2007
  Q: what is the differents between archaeology and paleontolgy?
  A: Archaeology is the study of man, his cultural remains (artifacts) and the places he lived (living ...
History4/11/2007
  Q: What social, cultural and intellectual baggage did the English bring with them to the New World in ...
  A: Plenty! They essentially transplanted their social structure, laws and language. But this was ...
colleges i should apply for4/7/2007
  Q: What college should i go to that will help me in archeology?
  A: Sorry to get back to you late, I was out of town with out access to a computer (or electricity ...
Licenses/Certifications4/4/2007
  Q: I'm interested in archaeology, but I'm not sure if I want to be one on te future. I was just ...
  A: Yes, in some states to practice archaeology you need to have a degree from a university and a degree ...
stoneware slipware1/8/2007
  Q: could you please tell me more about iron red stoneware slipware.i have a cheese dish(yellow)by ...
  A: Its a little difficult to provide information at the moment with out a bit more information. First ...
K-T boundry12/31/2006
  Q: Are there any maps of K-T locations?How can I find the location of the nearest exposed K-T boundry ...
  A: I'm not aware of an maps persay but these may exist. I would recommend that you contact USD ...
K-T boundry12/31/2006
  Q: How can I find the location of the nearest exposed K-T boundry site to me? Santa Cruz, California
  A: The closest may be in Wyoming or eastern Utah near Dinosaur Natl park. Texas near Austin as well ...
archaeology12/18/2006
  Q: I am a comm tech but have always been interested in this field
  A: It generally requires a BA in Archaeology/Anthropology from a 4 year college or university. ...
consolidation of sandstone sculpture12/13/2006
  Q: Salier, thanks for taking the time to look into this for me. Much of this information is locked ...
  A: That is a lot to absorb. The layering that you are seeing may be the mineral salts which are ...
consolidation of sandstone sculpture12/11/2006
  Q: /Dr. Salier, I've been banging my head against this wall for a while, so I am hoping you can help ...
  A: I appologise for not responding sooner. This required/requires additional research. Exfoliation on ...
Archaeology college11/14/2006
  Q: What college is best suited for Archaeology? How many years does it to become an Archaeologist?
  A: There are several very good colleges and universities for the study of Archaeology. It generally ...
spelling11/4/2006
  Q: So spelling is not a factor of intelligence or knowledge or capability. ...
  A: It may well be interesting to read the " ook" "The Dumbing Down Of America." but I am well aware ...
spelling11/4/2006
  Q: When you have as many mispelled words as you, how can you expect anyone to take you seriously? And ...
  A: I've sent my kids to private school too and all three of them have graduated from the International ...
Looking for an Archeology college11/2/2006
  Q: I'm currently a junior and thinking of majoring in Archeology. I'm very confused to what colleges in ...
  A: If you want to stay in Mass. Then Boston U, Brandise, Harvard,Tufts, U of M Amherst and Boston. U of ...
graduate school10/27/2006
  Q: well I am currently at the University of Illinois at Chicago. I am majoring in anthropology with ...
  A: I went to Northwestern during the time of Stewart Strever and Drs. Brown and Bykstra. Be very ...
Lost History.10/17/2006
  Q: Salier, I am curiouis to know why history has been "lost". Take for example, eygpt. There are ...
  A: This is an excellent quesion James. How is history lost? Even modern history is lost. Take for ...
archaeology as a major10/11/2006
  Q: Salier I plan on majoring in archaeology in college. I was wondering what the top undergraduate ...
  A: Well it depends on the type of archaeology you want to study. Are you interested in pre-historic, ...
Archaeology Career Paths10/9/2006
  Q: Good morning Mr. Salier, I would be very grateful if you would please assist me and my son on the ...
  A: I share both your concern and desire to help your son. Being an archaeologist is a struggle not ...
Spanish invasion10/5/2006
  Q: Many Native Americans died after the Spanish invasion because of loss of homes? loss of pride? ...
  A: Disease was a primary factor. The Spanish brought with them things like the Measels, Pertusus, ...
Indian Artifact in Dallas, TX???10/4/2006
  Q: When I was 10 or 12 yrs. old in about 1964-66, I was playing in a creek in Dallas with a friend and ...
  A: Sounds like a very interesting artifact. There are several cultures which lived in the area who ...
Folsom People of New Mexico9/30/2006
  Q: You had ask a question regarding the Folsom People of New Mexico as a race of African American's. ...
  A: Yes it appears that modern Homo Sapiens arose in Africa and them migrated over a period of 100,000 ...
machetti9/17/2006
  Q: I found a tool of some kind all metal or something of that nature. It looks like a machetti or ...
  A: If you can send me a pic via email, I would be able to tell you a lot more about the object. Also ...
archaeology8/23/2006
  Q: Salier! My name is Megan and I am a junior in high school. I know that I want to study archaeology ...
  A: UMBC's program is well considered for classiscal archaeology. U of Pennsylvania, just up the road ...
Clarification about Arizona program8/14/2006
  Q: I saw your earlier response to a high school student interested in archaeology. I'm currently ...
  A: Both have excellent programs. U of A is somewhat more directed and they even have programs which ...
pyramids egypt8/9/2006
  Q: I understand that the pyramids originally were covered differently than they appear today (with ...
  A: There are many pyramids in Egypt and in the Sudan (due south of Egypt) but the three on the Giza ...
stone henge8/1/2006
  Q: what do people think the stonehenge is for
  A: I visited Stone Henge just 3 weeks ago. The monument was built over a very long time during the ...
About Cultural Constractions7/30/2006
  Q: WHY IS IT IMPORTANT TO STUDY CULTURAL CONSTRUCTION AND ALTERNATIVE TOURISM GEOGRAPHIES?
  A: Mr. Guanzon, Cultural Construction is a recent development in the field of Anthropology in which we ...
scope of computer science in this field7/3/2006
  Q: ! i m doing engineering in computer science. i have great interest in this field. can you tell me ...
  A: astha, I am sorry to respond late, I have been away from computers for the last two weeks. Please ...
Anasatzis6/3/2006
  Q: I saw in Psi factor series that they discovered a tomb that was constructed in a hill, in that tomb ...
  A: Please remember, TV is mostly made up nonsense unless it is clearly a documentary like National ...
Unkown Coins--language6/1/2006
  Q: A friend of mine sells clay and sand to the homebuilders. One day while he was digging in the ...
  A: Ali, This version has a better explanation of how you came to have these coins. I would love to ...
World Archaeology (particularly N. American)5/23/2006
  Q: Mr. Salier, What colleges do you suggest to an aspiring Archaeologist? I'm talking about programs ...
  A: There are several very good schools. It appears that you want to study NA archaeology. U of ...
questions from a lay person5/12/2006
  Q: Whenever I saw archeologists dig things up from a historical place, I couldn't help wonder what ...
  A: Good questions. Very often historical sites are excavated ahead of the land being used for other ...
re event k-t5/5/2006
  Q: Ralf Salier I am very pleased by their answers, I didn't want to burden you in no way, but truly ...
  A: The translation software you are using is not very good. From some languages it is very difficult ...
Pyramids5/4/2006
  Q: I don't know if this is the right place to ask. I apologise if I am in the wrong area. How the ...
  A: You asked in the right place. The Pyramids were made with a lot of man power and very clever ...
event k-t5/4/2006
  Q: -Do they have some fact that suggests as much as time hard cold/dark after event k-t, do how many ...
  A: Do you have access to the National Geographic? There are several very good stories in this ...
event k-t5/3/2006
  Q: -when beginning the age of ice, before or after the event k-t? -know the scientists as it was the ...
  A: Kamil, The last Ice Age began some 12 million years ago and came to an end just 12 thousand years ...
Ancient bones - testing for age of death4/29/2006
  Q: Up to now, I've been given to understand that scientists can now very accurately determine the age ...
  A: Biological age at death is highly dependant on several factors. First the condition of the bones, ...
Do you know any other English...4/29/2006
  Q: Do you know any other English ward synonym to "tumulus" which i found to be the translation to an ...
  A: The word Tumulus and Tell are the same. These archaeological hills are created by the use of the ...
archeology in north Texas4/11/2006
  Q: I am merely an amatuer at archaeology but I have two girls, 6 and 4 and we love to go walking. We ...
  A: Mr. McIntyre, It is a great way to encourage interest in science in girls. My own daughter is ...
Flint3/21/2006
  Q: Vertually all of the indian tribes used flint for arrowheads and spearpoints, where did they get it. ...
  A: I'm not surprized that you did not find points along the creeks and rivers. These would have been ...
Archaeology projects3/6/2006
  Q: Hey! I am beginning to be very interested in this field of work, although I'm really concerned about ...
  A: Archaeological digs take place all over the place and can last a field season (the summer) or many. ...
creationism and me2/28/2006
  Q: I am a 24 year old student of Marine Archaeology and am truly dedicated to my science. i have always ...
  A: Robert, Yes it looks scary. And yes their ideas are idiotic and preposterous. But its out there ...
dinosaurs2/27/2006
  Q: What happened to dinosaurs?
  A: About 160 million years ago the Earth was hit by an astoroid. This astoroid caused a cosmic winter ...
Palaeolithic Diet and Health2/20/2006
  Q: I was wondering if you could give me a number of references to online articles as well as your own ...
  A: I would prefer that we think of this in terms of pre and post agricultural peoples. Pre ...
artifact dating1/29/2006
  Q: Im Bob. I have 2 kampilan swords from southern phillipines. Ive done some research and found that ...
  A: I answered the 2nd question first so please for give the initial parts of the answer. At both ...
General Career Questions1/16/2006
  Q: I am a high school student doing a research paper on archaeology and was wondering if I could ask ...
  A: A day in the life of a field archaeologist: 1) Uncover the site. Make sure that the survey markers ...
college archaeology programs1/11/2006
  Q: I am currently a junior in high school and I am looking at colleges. I have decided that I want to ...
  A: UVA does have a program and it is considered reasonably good. They do a lot of work in the Mid ...
History of term/item "Skelton Key"1/2/2006
  Q: Not sure if this is right catagory. Trying to find out how the term "Skelton Key" came about. In ...
  A: The term Skelton Key comes from the fact that it is a "bare bones" kind of key. These fit into very ...
Caves12/6/2005
  Q: You suggested that you could better answer my question if I gave you specifics about the cave. I'm ...
  A: The problem with light and air from above is that it also allows rain and moisture in. Both are ...
Conditions of Artifacts Discovered in a Cave11/17/2005
  Q: Ralph, This is excellent information. I appreciate it. My initial thoughts about the cave are: ...
  A: No holes to the top side for fresh air or sunlight. It also means that rain can fall in. Bad news. ...
Conditions of Artifacts Discovered in a Cave11/15/2005
  Q: I am a writer based in Seattle, WA. I'm working on a story about two boys in a cave in Southern ...
  A: That greatly depends on the conditions in the cave. It is above the water but does that mean that ...
Career Information10/30/2005
  Q: What do you enjoy most about your job? On a typical day what do you do? What classes would you ...
  A: What I enjoy most is the opportunity to work with materials and objects which have not seen the ...
Egyptology10/27/2005
  Q: I am interested in studying Archaeology and in particular Egyptology. I live in Perth, Australia and ...
  A: There are several very good universities which have specialities in this area. Oxford, University ...
Stone "door" found in narrow channel/passage inside pyramid.9/26/2005
  Q: Which pyramid is it in which they found a narrow passage/channel carved out of the stone which they ...
  A: Brad, The pyramid you are refering to is that of Kufu or Cheops. He reigned during the early ...
Early Humans8/23/2005
  Q: Archaeology is the study of past societies through an analysis of?
  A: Joesph, Archaeology is the study of past cultures and societies through the analysis of the remains ...
true or false question7/19/2005
  Q: TRUE or FALSE? a coin found at an archaelogical site with the date of 500 BC must be a forgery.
  A: Rhiannon, True. Since the terminology for BC or BCE means "Before Christ" or "Before the Common ...
egypt7/9/2005
  Q: A GOOD WHILE BACK, I WAS WATCHING A LIVE PROGRAM WITH TV CREW SENDING A SMALL ROBOT INTO A DOOR ...
  A: Yes, I have seen this program as well. It is one of a series of similar programs "seeking" answers ...
Archaeology7/4/2005
  Q: Why is archaeology 'underground ' where has all the soil come from to cover ie: the Roman / Saxon / ...
  A: Its not a silly question at all. In fact, it is one of the key areas of study on an archaeological ...
Volume of human skeleton6/29/2005
  Q: I would like to know the average volume of a human skeleton. I'm thinking an archaeologist who digs ...
  A: What an interesting question. First of all, I think that the volume figure for Mt. Everst is a bit ...
fringes of garments6/8/2005
  Q: I have read that archaeologists have found the following: clay tablets and seals that have the ...
  A: This sounds very interesting and I am sorry to say that I am not familiar with this. Clay tablets ...
Ancient Egypt5/31/2005
  Q: my name is Christina and I live in Australia. I have a question if that's okay. My Mum told me that ...
  A: Your mother may be speaking of the Rosetta Stone. This was a treaty written between Ancient Egypt ...
Career5/26/2005
  Q: Do you ever get sick of traveling all the time?
  A: Generally no. But there are times that things are going on in the family and I try to plan ahead ...
Career5/26/2005
  Q: What is the most challenging thing about your job?
  A: The location of the site, the crew, the equipment, the weather, the availability of water, getting ...
Career5/26/2005
  Q: Do you have any other jobs when you aren't on an excavation, like a museum curator, etc?
  A: Sure, I have directed lab and curation efforts. I have worked with curators in the development of ...
career5/26/2005
  Q: What do you like least about your job?
  A: What do I dislike about my job. There are "politics" on occasion which gets in the way of getting ...
Career5/25/2005
  Q: What is the approximate salary range for yor area?
  A: As I mentioned, it does depend on several factors. For what I do, I live comfortably. But 10 to 20 ...
Career5/24/2005
  Q: Describe the education and/or training necessary for your job?
  A: A highschool diploma, a BA in anthropology with concentrations in Archaeology, geology and computer ...
Career5/24/2005
  Q: Briefly describe some of your job responsibilities?
  A: That depends on the project I am working on. For instance at the moment I am working with a group ...
Career5/24/2005
  Q: How did you become interested in your career?
  A: When I was a child, I was exposed to many different cultures but European, American, Native ...
Machu Picchu5/16/2005
  Q: or Mr. Salier, Has anyone been able to date this city with any certainty? Could it have been ...
  A: Reg, I'm not sure if the first answer went through properly. But the short answer is probably yes. ...
Machu Picchu5/16/2005
  Q: or Mr. Salier, Has anyone been able to date this city with any certainty? Could it have been ...
  A: Machu Picchu was an Incan strong hold. It took quite a while for it to be build but like any of the ...
Archaeology5/9/2005
  Q: Ralph Salier. Can you please answer these questions regarding the information listed below from an ...
  A: The three questions are very tough to answer with out knowing a whole lot more. You indicated that ...
Archaeology5/5/2005
  Q: Ralph Salier. Can you please answer these questions regarding the information listed below from an ...
  A: Peter, This appears to be an historic site but it is difficult to determine several things which do ...
Can you explain to me how...3/30/2005
  Q: Can you explain to me how similar dinosaur fossils are found on all the current continents? Thanks, ...
  A: Mike, The land masses of the earth ride on techtonic plates. These are large bits of the Earth ...
question3/20/2005
  Q: I have a question I'm really interested in archaeology jobs, but currently I am taking environemtal ...
  A: There are a fair number of jobs in archaeology. Most are for a field season but some are full time ...
Archaeology Sites (This is not a homework Question)2/11/2005
  Q: How are sites located and how are they excavated?
  A: Archaeological sites can be found many different ways. But here is a short list of the most common: ...
ancient india cloth1/19/2005
  Q: Can you tell me the steps used by the people of ancient india for making cotton-cloth?
  A: The methods have not changed very much from the way it is still done in the rural areas of India. ...
Dating Methods12/29/2004
  Q: I asked a creationists about current dating methods and this is what he said, is what he's saying ...
  A: Well Eric. The creationists don't understand Physics nor the Laws of God! Only God can create a ...
radiocarbon dating10/17/2004
  Q: What are some pros and cons of radiocarbon dating, if you know any that would be great, or if you ...
  A: K Pros of Radio Carbon Dating: 1) reasonable accuracy of +/- 200 years 2) requires small sample ...
TL Dating9/27/2004
  Q: Would you happen to know of any websites, or books, that will tell me where TL Dating has been used ...
  A: Karl, This type of dating (Thermoluminesence) is used to date ceramics. Some of the more ...
Cave Paintings8/7/2004
  Q: How many ancient cave paintings,before human civilization have been discovered? Have they been ...
  A: The cave paintings in Europe appear to be the oldest being over 50,000 years old. Those of the the ...
Cave Paintings8/7/2004
  Q: How many ancient cave paintings,before human civilization have been discovered? Have they been ...
  A: Eric, Cave paintings, rock art, pictoglyphs etc... are found in many parts of the world. ...
American History7/7/2004
  Q: Why did Europeans come to the New World during the 16th and 17th century? What was it that pulled ...
  A: From the earliest times that we could walk on 2 feet, we explored our world. Humans populated all ...
historical artifacts5/30/2004
  Q: My question is this, I have recently found a company called the Seven Seas Trading company which ...
  A: there is a lot of and I mean a LOT of fake Egyptian stuff on the market. So don't trust any of it ...
historical artifacts5/30/2004
  Q: My question is this, I have recently found a company called the Seven Seas Trading company which ...
  A: Chris, Please define "historical artifacts", I could send you to most any Antique store to find ...
Meteorites4/14/2004
  Q: I believe I have found a couple of meteorites. They are variable in size, partially magnetic, and ...
  A: Sabastian, You do not indicate where you live. However if you are in the US. Try your local ...
early Jewish ossuary boxes4/12/2004
  Q: I am interested in the following archaeological discovery: In 1945 a family tomb was discovered in ...
  A: There is of course a great deal of contraversy about the name as inscribed. If you go to ...
Common features of distant cultures3/5/2004
  Q: Ralph - is there any convincing explanation for the various common cultural features throughout the ...
  A: Tony, This is an excellent question. Ancient peoples were keen observers of their environment. So ...
Body in Cave2/23/2004
  Q: If a dead body were dumped in a cave in the Missouri Ozarks in 1959, what kind of condition would it ...
  A: The condition would be highly dependant on what the conditions were in that cave. If it is a dry ...
Carbon Dating2/19/2004
  Q: We need some help and hope that you can assist us. We have a rock that looks like it could be from ...
  A: I would be more then happy to be of assistance. My expertise is in stone tools and ground stone ...
Innuits2/9/2004
  Q: My father went to Canada recently and discovered that when the innuit eskimos made camp they built a ...
  A: The Inuit peoples live in small groups and typically the leader of the group is the Shaman or priest ...
Mississippi Copper Use1/10/2004
  Q: I would like to know if bronze age Europeans were mining America hundreds of years before the voyage ...
  A: The first Europeans to come to north america were the Vikings a few hundred years before Columbus. ...
Native Americans2/7/2003
  Q: Are Mexicans the closest relative to Native Americans(assuming Canadian tribes are Native ...
  A: Joe, Sorry to have taken so long to answer the question, I have been out of town. The Mexican ...
complexity, civilization-state formation12/15/2002
  Q: my name is david. I was wondering if i could ask a few questions about complexity in civilizations? ...
  A: You ask some rather difficult and complex questions for this venue. But I will make an attempt to ...
Fossil found in Colombia12/9/2002
  Q: ¡Hello! I'm going to try to make you to understand me, because I don't speak English very well: I'd ...
  A: Jorge, Thank you for contacting me. What you have written to me is rather interesting and I would ...
Ice Age and carbon dating11/25/2002
  Q: I have two questions, and I hope it's OK to ask you both together. Hope you can help! 1) When was ...
  A: Carbon dating is done by looking at the ratio of "regular carbon" and "radio active carbon" in a ...
site identification10/25/2002
  Q: who would be the right group or archaeologist to report a site that contains early man points such ...
  A: Stan, Thank you for reporting this site. TELL NO ONE!! other then the following individuals: ...
Dating methods10/18/2002
  Q: I'm a librarian teaching a class of college students how to use the Internet. One of the students ...
  A: There are several others: Potassium-Argon Protien racitimization Magnetic dating Ceramic ...
Archaeology8/7/2002
  Q: I am homeschooled and doing a unit-study on archaeology. One of the things that I'm supposed to ...
  A: Here is a list of professionals who work on the team even if they are not present on the site the ...
Folsom People of New Mexico3/27/2002
  Q: Some say the 10,000 to 15,000 years ago people known as the Folsom people lived in parts of North ...
  A: Well there is no evidence that these peoples were African Americans. In fact the bones we have of ...
Selling Historic Land11/16/2001
  Q: I'm writing a fictional novel set in west central Minnesota, and I have a technical question, sort ...
  A: Different states have different rules but for the most part, the owner of the property can do what ...
Earliest Known Inhabitants of N. America10/16/2001
  Q: Some time ago, I read an article and saw a program on PBS that discussed a race of people living in ...
  A: I am not aware of a PBS story or news article regarding this however I am familiar with the various ...

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