Expert: J Heuman - 8/15/2004

Question
why would ancient man need or want to produce art?  

Answer
Greetings Ashleigh!

I am unsure if you mean "ancient" or "prehistoric"?  So, I'll propose possible reasons for both, as the distinction betwen the two is quite important.

"Prehistoric" refers to that which existed before written language.  The "art" - especially cave paintings and carved fertility figurines - were most likely prodouced as expression of spiritual beliefs and/or to record events for future generations in pictures rather than words.  Some anthropologists believe cave paintings were "sympathetic magic," meaning that the "artist" painted pictures of hunting scenes in the attempt to ensure successful hunting.  Fertility goddesses were carved to ensure plentiful and safe child-bearing.

[Keep in mind, the terms "art" and "artists" are more modern, and mean something entirely different from what early humans intended.]

"Ancient" typically refers toearly civilizations after the invention of writing -- from Mesopotamia to Egypt, Greece and Rome, even non-Western civilizations such as the Chinese, the Inca (in Peru), Maya and Aztecs (in Mexico), etc.  Ancient art was often created for one of four main reasons:

    (1) Religious celebration and worship;

    (2) Display of power by individuals and governments;

    (3) Enjoyment of beauty in functional objects (vases,
        cups, etc.) and surroundings (sculptures, wall
        paintings, architecture, etc.); and,

    (4) Fashion.

I hope this answer is clear, though I realize the ideas are complicated.  I invite follow-up questions if anything is unclear.

Best wishes, sincerely,
J Heuman