Expert: Jayendra Upadhye - 8/1/2004

Question
Jayen,

Steven Hawkins has stated that there is a possibility of Multiple Universes

(1) Also, all things being equal, I belive in the "Pasely Universe" theory
while ours is expanding, the one next to us is contracting, pulling us apart. When the negitive Unverse collapses in full, then re-explodes it will force ours into contracting. If this is the case do we need "Dark Matter"  Again, the theory for each action there is an oposite and equal reaction A dance that will go on for eternity. My only understanding of Dark Matter is that there is not enough light shinning on them to observe. please correct if wrong.

Also take a look at the Question "Why is the Universe so Flat" I belive I read this in the book on "Cobe" (can not find at the moment) but i did find Sagans "Billions & Billions" book. No copy of hs book on the Cosmos in my home.

(2) Make my day! If Quasars are "spewing" or "gushing" out matter, is this the "WHITE" hole  am looking for? Does the Black hole have to be next door/
or can it be located anywhere in any part of the Universe? or in any other multiple Universe? Is the Quasar the "exahst port" I am looking for?

Interesting that you should say " This load of Cosmic Putty" coming out of a Quasar!   Lets go find some planets, stars, moons, meteors all with differnt geological/rock/metal/etc make up, throw it in to a hole spining at unimaginable speeds, heating it to unimaginable meldown tempatures, the vortx is the volcano spewing the lava out the top (Quasar)? DID I HAVE THE RIGHT IDEA BUT THE WRONG IDENITY OF THE END PRODUCT (Star Clouds)I think so!

(2).OK, THIS IS THE REAL QUESTION, IF WE WERE TO PULL UP TO A QUASAR AND OBSERVE THE SPEWED MATTER, WHAT WOULD IT LOOK LIKE? MOLTEN GLOBS OF MELTED METAL??

(3) Why would I laugh? I need to ask for clarification (layman terms)

   
(A). Are you saying that the CENTER MASS IS INCREASING, AND IF THAT INCREASE IS EQUAL TO THE MATTER WITHIN THE SPIRAL IT WILL DRIVE THE GALAXY TO TURN?  EXCELENT!.............THINKING..........................20 MIN LATER............

NOW DONT LAUGH AT ME, BUT I HAD A VISION ON THIS. HAVE YOU EVER SEEN THOSE CIRCULAR SPRINKLERS WITH THREE OR MORE BENT ENDS ON THEM  THAT MAKE THEM TWRIL? (SPIRAL GALAXY) NOW, AD WATER PRESSER (MASS) AND WATCH IT SPIN?

NOW JUST TELL ME THAT THE QUASAR IS IN THE MIDDLE OF THE GALAXY? WHAT IS THE SOURCE OF YOUR MATTER INCRESE??

peter


Answer
Hi Peter,
1 - Dark matter mainly is understood to be comprising of Brown dwarfs, too faint to be seen, completely cooled down white dwarfs, infrared stars that are just being born (not hot enough to become visible), rogue planets and blocks of matter the size of the asteroids, etc etc as well as molecular and other clouds and particulate dust that may not be visible for whatever reasons, plus the sea of atomic and subatomic particles that pervade space (cosmic rays).
Out of these, the supposedly massless nuetrinoes are the main constituents, cheifly by virtue of their abundance. They are the products of stellar nuclear fusion reactions.
If these are somehow found to have "some" mass, then that alone will tip the balance in favour of an oscillating universe!
If by "flat" you mean uniform (since you mention COBE), then COBE actually found that the Cosmic Background Radiation is actually "slightly lumpy.
2 - The Quasars were thought to likely candidates for white holes, but have since been understood as just exploding proto galaxies. when we look at them, we are essentially looking at the catastrophic births of the first galaxies! Because in astronomy, looking at objects so far away is essentially looking back in time!
3 - The matter spewed out of a quasar is ionised hydrogen
gas. Because at that temperature and age (so far back
in time), only elementary hydrogen existed.

4 - No No! Peter you will have to digest what i am saying slowly and not jump to any conclusions FAST! Also some understanding of how gravity works INSIDE closed volumes is essential.
What I mean is, if the ratio [mass of galactic spherical core] / [radius of galactic spherical core] is maintained in the spiral disk as Rate of mass increase with its radius, we do not need dark matter to explain the rotation curve of the spiral galaxy.
Because the inverse square fall of gravitational attraction of the core, as we move into the disk, is compensated exactly by the mass content of the disk upto the point in consideration.
The rotation curve of spiral galaxies makes the stars in the disk rotate with same speed irrespective of their distance from center. Obviously the stars at the periphery appear to lag behind the faster turning (but of same linear velocity) star near the center. This leads to the spiral pattern seen by us.

Peter..do not get me wrong, but you appear to be a man ruled by your intuition and pay less heed to "calculation".
(Like me I guess) Only I have decided to have a split personality! :)
Enjoy the luxury of intuiting and simultaneously root myself in reality!
A somewhat painful process.
What about you?
Jayen.