Expert: Tom Schott - 5/31/2007

Question
Hi Tom,

My question is in regards to the hit by pitch. When and why did it come to be part of the rules of baseball? Have there been any major modifications of the rule since its inception? Thank you for your time and trouble in answering this question. It is much appreciated.


Thanks,
Dave

Answer
Hey Dave,

 Interesting question. The rule awarding the batter first base when hit by a pitch was instituted in 1887 by the National League in concert with a number of other changes affecting pitching. A rule preventing pitchers from taking a running start, for example, and giving the batter four strikes instead of three. (4 balls, 3 strikes became permanent in 1889.) The rule came about to address the balance between offense and defense. In 1884 a pitcher was allowed to throw overhand with any motion. By 1885, league batting averages had slumped to .241 from .262, and the next year, Matt Kilroy of the American Association's Baltimore team struck out an astonishing 513 guys. The HBP rule and the others were meant to redress the balance between hitters and pitchers.

The rule has remained the same since inception, and according to Bill James HBP totals have been recorded "as long as there have been official statistics."