Expert: Thomas Hussein - 12/22/2007

Question
A Bible Student would like to see a greek manuscript that contains Jehovah's name. He feels that Jehovah and Christ must be the same. And that rendering the same word in the kingdom interlinear as Jehovah one time and Lord another is presumptous. Also on John 8:58 he wonders this"Hope all is well. First I want to thank you for taking my questions. We've
talked for a while now, and I am always interested in hearing your take on
things. Our conversations have really helped me think about my faith, to
really contemplate what I believe and why I believe it, and for that I
thank you.

I know it has taken me a while to get to this, but I've tried to formulate
one of my questions about the Greek translation in the Watch Tower Bible.
I guess it's easiest to take this one question at a time. Anyway, the
passage is in John 8:58, and the words in question are "ego eimi." They
are translated in my Bible as "I am" but in yours as "I have been."

The explanation in your Greek to English interlinear says that it's
translated this way because it comes after the "the aorist infinitive
clause (before Abraham came into existence) and hence properly rendered in
the perfect tense." My understanding of this clause is that the word
"before" (in Greek "prin") ends with the aorist infinitive verb "came into
existence." Indeed this verb has an aorist infinitive ending. However, I
do not think that "eimi" carries that ending (an "~ai" ending).

Furthermore I looked around for a few hours at the words "ego eimi" in
John and found that they were consistently translated as "I am." And, as
we examined, the word "ego" is used as a way of emphasizing the person
speaking more than the action. When we looked at John 8:58 in this light,
we discussed, it's no wonder why the Jews wanted to kill him. It seems
like he's claiming to be the self-existing one.

My question then is where, and how many times is "ego eimi" translated as
"I have been" or some other tense in the Watch Tower Bible? I think a
study of this would help me understand how this verb works in the Bible,
and also about how I'm reading this verse."
How do I answer this


Answer
=================UPDATE=====================
AS FAR AS JESUS meaning, it is important to view the context around what John 8:58 expresses

(John 8:28-29) “. . .Therefore Jesus said: “When once YOU have lifted up the Son of man, then YOU will know that I am [he], and that I do nothing of my own initiative; but just as the Father taught me I speak these things. 29 And he that sent me is with me; he did not abandon me to myself, because I always do the things pleasing to him. . .”

>>IN ORDER TO indicate that Jesus was saying he was Jehovah the text above would have to read something like'I DO EVERYTHING OF MY OWN INITIATIVE'.....'BUT JUST AS I TAUGHT MYSELF' ....'I DID NOT ABANDON MYSELF TO MYSELF'....'BECAUSE I ALWAYS DO THE THINGS PLEASING TO MYSELF'

(John 8:54-55) “. . .Jesus answered: “If I glorify myself, my glory is nothing. It is my Father that glorifies me, he who YOU say is YOUR God; 55 and yet YOU have not known him. But I know him. And if I said I do not know him I should be like YOU, a liar. But I do know him and am observing his word. . .”

--THE SAME would have to be done WITH THE ABOVE TEXT!

****The text at John 8:58 deals with Jesus pre-human existence thus the idea of "I have been" does indeed have merit in any translation!

Please note this commentary in our appendix of our Reference Bible & the dates used:

*** Rbi8 pp. 1582-1583 6F Jesus—In Existence Before Abraham

Joh 8:58—“before Abraham came into existence, I have been”

Gr., πρὶν ᾿Αβραὰ γενέσθαι ἐγὼ εἰμί

(prin A·bra·am′ ge·ne′sthai e·go′ ei·mi′)

>>Fourth/Fifth   “before Abraham was,     Syriac—Edition:
Century         I have been”            A Translation of the Four
                                      Gospels from the >>Syriac of
                                       the Sinaitic Palimpsest,
                                       by Agnes Smith Lewis,
                                       London, 1894.
>>Fifth Century   “before ever Abraham    Curetonian Syriac—Edition:
                came to be, I was”     The Curetonian Version of
                                       the Four Gospels, by
                                       F.Crawford Burkitt, Vol. 1,
                                       Cambridge, England, 1904.

>>Fifth Century   “before Abraham         Syriac Peshitta—Edition:
                 existed, I was”       The Syriac New Testament
                                       Translated into English
                                       from the Peshitto Version,
                                       by James Murdock, seventh
                                       ed., Boston and London,
                                       1896.
>>Fifth Century   “before Abraham         Georgian—Edition:
                came to be, I was”     “The Old Georgian Version
                                       of the Gospel of John,” by
                                       Robert P. Blake and Maurice
                                       Brière, published in
                                       Patrologia Orientalis,
                                       Vol. XXVI, fascicle 4,
                                       Paris, 1950.
>>Sixth Century   “before Abraham         Ethiopic—Edition:
                was born, I was”       Novum Testamentum . . .
                                       Æthiopice (The New
                                       Testament . . . in
                                       Ethiopic), by Thomas Pell
                                       Platt, revised by F.
                                       Praetorius, Leipzig, 1899.

The action expressed in Joh 8:58 started “before Abraham came into existence” and is still in progress. In such situation εἰμί (ei·mi′), which is the first-person singular present indicative, is properly translated by the perfect indicative. Examples of the same syntax are found in Lu 2:48; 13:7; 15:29; Joh 5:6; 14:9; 15:27; Ac 15:21; 2Co 12:19; 1Jo 3:8.

>>Concerning this construction, A Grammar of the Idiom of the New Testament, by G. B. Winer, seventh edition, Andover, 1897, p. 267, says: “Sometimes the Present includes also a past tense (Mdv. 108), viz. when the verb expresses a state which commenced at an earlier period but still continues,—a state in its duration; as, Jno. xv. 27 ἀπ’ ἀρχῆς μετ’ ἐμοῦ ἐστέ [ap’ ar·khes′ met’ e·mou′ e·ste′], viii. 58 πρὶν ᾿Αβραὰμ γενέσθαι ἐγὼ εἰμι [prin A·bra·am′ ge·ne′sthai e·go′ ei·mi].”

>>Likewise, A Grammar of New Testament Greek, by J. H. Moulton, Vol. III, by Nigel Turner, Edinburgh, 1963, p. 62, says: “The Present which indicates the continuance of an action during the past and up to the moment of speaking is virtually the same as Perfective, the only difference being that the action is conceived as still in progress . . . It is frequent in the N[ew] T[estament]: Lk 248 137 . . . 1529 . . . Jn 56 858 . . . ”

>>Attempting to identify Jesus with Jehovah, some say that ἐγὼ εἰμί (e·go′ ei·mi′) is the equivalent of the Hebrew expression ’ani′ hu’, “I am he,” which is used by God. However, it is to be noted that this Hebrew expression is also used by man.—See 1Ch 21:17 ftn.

Further attempting to identify Jesus with Jehovah, some try to use Ex 3:14 (LXX) which reads: ᾿Εγώ εἰμι ὁ ὤν (E·go′ ei·mi ho on), which means “I am The Being,” or, “I am The Existing One.” This attempt cannot be sustained because the expression in Ex 3:14 is different from the expression in Joh 8:58. (See Ex 3:14 ftn.) Throughout the Christian Greek Scriptures it is not possible to make an identification of Jesus with Jehovah as being the same person.—See 1Pe 2:3 ftn; App 6A, 6E.

===============UPDATE 2=====================

PLEASE ALSO NOTE that even modern translations, expand on the idea that Christ indeed had a prehuman existence and emphasis is placed on that rather than just existing as the "I am", by the thought "I was..."

>>John 8:58 (Worldwide English (New Testament))
58 "Jesus answered, `I tell you the truth. I ALREADY WAS (my caps) before Abraham was born"

>>John 8:58 (New Life Version)
58 "Jesus said to them, "For sure, I tell you, before Abraham was born, I was and am and always will be"

>>John 8:58 (Contemporary English Version)
58 "Jesus answered, "I tell you for certain that even before Abraham was, I was, and I am." [a]

Richard , please remember if reasoning with such information above does not help the person you are speaking with , then he is practicing unreasonalbeness, because the Bible strongly advocates the "power of reason"

(Romans 12:1) “12 Consequently I entreat YOU by the compassions of God, brothers, to present YOUR bodies a sacrifice living, holy, acceptable to God, a sacred service with YOUR power of reason.”

>>Having long discussions with  OVERLY CONCERNED PERSONS on words and questionings are warned against for our own good, because they go no-where & can be draining in an exercise of intellectualism:


(1 Timothy 6:3-5) “. . .If any man teaches other doctrine and does not assent to healthful words, those of our Lord Jesus Christ, nor to the teaching that accords with godly devotion, 4 he is puffed up [with pride], not understanding anything, but being mentally diseased over questionings and DEBATES ABOUT WORDS (my caps). From these things spring envy, strife, abusive speeches, wicked suspicions, 5 violent disputes about trifles on the part of men corrupted in mind and despoiled of the truth, thinking that godly devotion is a means of gain.”

If he does not respond to your reasoning with the info from above , then you have to decide how much time you will devote to his questionings!

>>Keep in mind that Jesus never taught on the basis of mere words but his ideas & reasoning were always the thrust of the truths he taught!

====================================
Hello Richard,

Here are the over 220 times that Jehovah's name appears in various manuscripts from the 1500's on:

*** Rbi8 pp. 1565-1566 1D The Divine Name in the Christian Greek Scriptures ***
MATTHEW
1:22     Ky;  J1-4,7-14,16-18,22-24,26
1:24     Ky;  J1-4,7-14,16-18,22-24
2:13     Ky;  J1-4,6-14,16-18,22-24
2:15     Ky;  J1,3,4,6-14,16-18,22-24
2:19     Ky;  J1-4,6-14,16-18,22-24
3:3      Ky;  J1-4,7-14,16-18,20,22-24,26
4:4      Th;  J1-14,17,18,20,22,23
4:7      Ky;  J1-14,16-18,20,22-24
4:10     Ky;  J1-14,16-18,20,22-24
5:33    *Ky;  J1-4,7-14,16-18,22,23
21:9     Ky;  J1-14,16-18,20-24
21:42    Ky;  J1-4,7-14,16-18,20-24
22:37    Ky;  J1-14,16-18,20-24
22:44    Ky;  J1-14,16-18,20-24
23:39    Ky;  J1-14,16-18,21-24
27:10    Ky;  J1-4,7-14,16,17,22-24
28:2     Ky;  J1-4,7-13,16-18,22-24
MARK
1:3      Ky;  J7-14,16-18,22-24
5:19    *Ky;  J7-10,17,18,22
11:9     Ky;  J7,8,10-14,16-18,21-24
12:11    Ky;  J7-14,16-18,21-24
12:29    Ky;  J7-14,16-18,20-24,27
12:29    Ky;  J7-14,16-18,20-24
12:30    Ky;  J7-14,16-18,21-24
12:36    Ky;  J7-14,16-18,21-24
13:20    Ky;  J7,8,10,13,16-18,22-24
LUKE
1:6     *Ky;  J7-17,23
1:9     *Ky;  J7-18,22,23
1:11     Ky;  J7-13,16-18,22-24
1:15     Ky;  J7,8,10-18,22,23
1:16     Ky;  J7-18,22-24
1:17     Ky;  J7-18,22-24
1:25     Ky;  J7-18,22,23
1:28    *Ky;  J5,7-18,22,23
1:32     Ky;  J5-18,22-24
1:38     Ky;  J5,7-18,22-24
1:45     Ky;  J5-18,22-24
1:46    *Ky;  J5-18,22,23
1:58     Ky;  J5-18,22-24
1:66     Ky;  J5-18,22-24
1:68     Ky;  J5-18,22-24
1:76     Ky;  J5-18,22-24
2:9      Ky;  J5,7-13,16,17,22-24
2:9      Ky;  J5,7,8,10-18,22-24
2:15    *Ky;  J5,7,8,10-18,22,23
2:22    *Ky;  J5-18,22,23
2:23     Ky;  J5-18,22-24
2:23    *Ky;  J5-18,22,23
2:24     Ky;  J5-18,22-24
2:26     Ky;  J5-18,22-24
2:39     Ky;  J5-18,22-24
3:4      Ky;  J7-15,17,18,22-24
4:8      Ky;  J7-18,22-24
4:12     Ky;  J7-18,22-24
4:18     Ky;  J7-15,20,23,24
4:19     Ky;  J7-18,20,22-24
5:17     Ky;  J7-18,22-24
10:27    Ky;  J5-18,21-24
13:35    Ky;  J7-18,21-24
19:38    Ky;  J7-18,21-24
20:37    Ky;  J9,11-18,21-24,27
20:42    Ky;  J7-18,21-24
JOHN
1:23    Ky;  J5-14,16-19,22-24
6:45    Th;  J7,8,10,14,17,19,20,22,23
12:13   Ky;  J7-14,16-19,21-24
12:38   Ky;  J12-14,16-18,22,23
12:38   Ky;  J7-14,16-20,22-24
ACTS
1:24     Ky;  J7,8,10,22,23
2:20     Ky;  J7,8,10-18,20,22-24
2:21     Ky;  J7,8,10-18,20,22-24
2:25    *Ky;  J7,8,10-18,20,22,23
2:34     Ky;  J7,8,10-18,21-24
2:39     Ky;  J7,8,10,17,18,22-24
2:47    *Ky;  J7,8,10
3:19    *Ky;  J13-18,22,23
3:22+    Ky;  J7,8,10-18,20,22-24
4:26    *Ky;  J7,8,10-18,20,22,23
4:29     Ky;  J7,8,10
5:9      Ky;  J7,8,10,13,15-18,22-24
5:19     Ky;  J7,8,10,13,15-18,22-24
7:31     Ky;  J11-18,22-24
:33    *Ky;  J11-18,22,23
7:49     Ky;  J11-18,20,22-24
7:60     Ky;  J17,18,22,23
8:22+   *Ky;  J18,22,23
8:24+   *Ky;  J7,8,10,13,15-18,22,23
8:25+   *Ky;  J7,8,10,17,18
8:26     Ky;  J7,8,10,13,15-18,22-24
8:39     Ky;  J13,15-18,22-24
9:31    *Ky;  J7,8,10,13,15,16,18,22
10:33+  *Ky;  J17,18,23
11:21    Ky;  J7,8,10,13,15-18,22,23
12:7     Ky;  J7,8,10,13,15-18,22-24
12:11   *Ky;  J7,8,10,13,15,16,18,23
12:17   *Ky;  J7,8,10
12:23    Ky;  J7,8,10,13,15-18,22-24
12:24+  *Ky;  J7,8,10,23
13:2    *Ky;  J7,8,10,13,15-18,22,23
13:10   *Ky;  J7,8,10,13,15-18,22,23
13:11    Ky;  J7,8,10,15-18,22-24
3:12   *Ky;  J7,8,10
13:44+  *Th;  J17,22
13:47   *Ky;  J7,8,10,22,23
13:48+  *Th;  J7,8,10,13,15-17,22,23
3:49   *Ky;  J7,8,10,13,15-18,22,23
14:3    *Ky;  J7,8,10,15-18,23
14:23   *Ky;  J7,8,10,13,15,16
15:17   *Ky;  J11-18,22,23
15:17    Ky;  J7,8,10-18,20,22-24
15:35+  *Ky;  J17,18,22,23
15:36+  *Ky;  J7,8,10,17,18,22,23
15:40+  *Ky;  J17,18,22
16:14   *Ky;  J7,8,10,17,18,23
6:15+  *Ky;  J7,8,10
16:32+  *Th;  J7,8,10,17,18,22,23
18:21   *Th;  J17
18:25   *Ky;  J7,8,10,13,15,16,24
19:20+  *Ky;  J7,8,10,13,15-18,23
21:14   *Ky;  J7,8,10,17,18,23
ROMANS
4:3     *Th;  J7,8,10,17,20,22
:8      Ky;  J7,8,10-18,20,22-25
9:28     Ky;  J7,8,10,13,16,20,25
9:29     Ky;  J7,8,10-18,20,22-24
10:13    Ky;  J7,8,10,13-18,22-24
10:16    Ky;  J7,8,10,13-18,23
11:3     Ky;  J7,8,10-18,23,25
11:34    Ky;  J7,8,10,13-18,20,22-25
12:11   *Ky;  J7,8,10,13,16,18
12:19    Ky;  J7,8,10-18,22-24
14:4+   *Ky;  J18,23
14:6     Ky;  J7,8,10,13,16,18,22,24
14:6     Ky;  J7,8,10,13,16,18,22,24
14:6     Ky;  J7,8,10,13,16,22,24
14:8    *Ky;  J7,8,10,13-16,18
14:8    *Ky;  J7,8,10,13-16,18
14:8    *Ky;  J7,8,10,13-16,18
14:11    Ky;  J7,8,10-18,22-25
15:11   *Ky;  J7,8,10-18,20,22,23,25
1 CORINTHIANS
1:31    Ky;  J7,8,10-14,16-18,22-24
2:16    Ky;  J13,14,16-18,22-24
3:20    Ky;  J7,8,10-14,16-18,20,22-24
4:4     Ky;  J7,8,10,17,18,23,24
4:19   *Ky;  J7,8,10,22,23
7:17+  *Ky;  
10:9+  *Ky;  J18,22,23
10:21   Ky;  J7,8,10,24
10:21   Ky;  J7,8,10,24
10:22  *Ky;  J7,8,10,14
10:26  *Ky;  J7,8,10,11,13,14,16-18,20,22,23
11:32  *Ky;  J13,16,18
14:21   Ky;  J7,8,10-14,16-18,22-24
16:7   *Ky;  J7,8,10,13,14,16-18,22,23
16:10   Ky;  J7,8,10,13,14,16-18,24
2 CORINTHIANS
3:16    Ky;  J7,8,13,14,16,22,24
3:17   *Ky;  J7,8,13,14,16
3:17    Ky;  J7,8,13,14,16,22,24
3:18    Ky;  J7,8,13,14,16,22,24
3:18    Ky;  J7,8,13,14,16,22,24
6:17    Ky;  J7,8,11-14,16-18,22-24
6:18    Ky;  J7,8,11-14,16-18,22-24
8:21+   Ky;  J7,8,24
10:17   Ky;  J7,8,13,14,16-18,22-24
10:18  *Ky;  J7,8,13,14,16-18,22,23
GALATIANS
3:6     *Th;  J7,8
EPHESIANS
2:21    Ky;  J7,8,13,16-18,22-24
5:17+  *Ky;  J7,8
5:19   *Ky;  J7,8,13,16,23
6:4     Ky;  J7,8,22,24
6:7    *Ky;  J7,8
6:8     Ky;  J22,24
COLOSSIANS
1:10+  *Ky;  J7,8
3:13+  *Ky;  J23
3:16+  *Th;  J7,8,13,14,16,17
3:22+  *Ky;  J18,22
3:23   *Ky;  J7,8,17,18,22,23
3:24    Ky;  J7,8,13,14,16-18,22-24
1 THESSALONIANS
1:8+   *Ky;  J7,8,17,18,22,23
4:6     Ky;  J7,8,17,18,22-24
4:15    Ky;  J7,8,17,18,24
5:2     Ky;  J7,8,13,14,16-18,22-24
2 THESSALONIANS
2:2    *Ky;  J18,22,23
2:13+   Ky;  J13,16,24
3:1    *Ky;  J7,8,13,14,16-18,22,23
2 TIMOTHY
1:18    Ky;  J7,8,13,14,16-18,22-24
2:19    Ky;  J7,8,13,14,16-18,20,22-24
:19    Ky;  J18,22-24
4:14   *Ky;  J7,8,13,16-18,22,23
HEBREWS
2:13   *Th;  J3,7,8,17,20,22
21    Ky;  J3,7,8,11-18,20,22-24
8:2    *Ky;  J7,8,13-16,18,22,23
8:8     Ky;  J3,7,8,11-18,20,22-24
8:9     Ky;  J3,7,8,11-18,20,22-24
8:10    Ky;  J3,7,8,11-18,20,22,24
8:11   *Ky;  J3,7,8,11-18,20,22,23
10:16   Ky;  J3,7,8,11-18,22-24
10:30   Ky;  J3,7,8,11-18,20,22-24
12:5    Ky;  J7,8,11-18,20,22-24
12:6    Ky;  J3,7,8,11-18,20,22-24
13:6    Ky;  J3,7,8,11-18,20,22-24
JAMES
1:7    *Ky;  J7,8,13,14,16-18,22,23
1:12+        J7,8,13,16,17
2:23   *Th;  J14,17,20,22
2:23    Th;  J17
3:9+   *Ky;  J18,23
4:10    Ky;  J7,8,13,14,16-18,22,23
4:15   *Ky;  J7,8,13,14,16-18,22,23
5:4     Ky;  J7,8,11-14,16-18,22-24
5:10    Ky;  J7,8,13,14,16-18,22-24
5:11    Ky;  J7,8,13,14,16,18,22-24
5:11   *Ky;  J7,8,13,14,16-18,22-24
5:14   *Ky;  J7,8,13,14,16-18,22
5:15   *Ky;  J7,8,13,14,16-18,22,23
1 PETER
1:25+   Ky;  J7,8,13,14,16-18,20,22,23
3:12    Ky;  J7,8,11-14,16-18,20,22-24
3:12    Ky;  J7,8,11-14,16-18,20,22,24
2 PETER
2:9     Ky;  J7,8,13,14,16-18,22-24
2:11+   Ky;  J7,8,13,16-18,22-24
3:8     Ky;  J7,8,13,14,16-18,22-24
3:9     Ky;  J7,8,13,16-18,22-24
3:10    Ky;  J7,8,13,16-18,22-24
3:12+  *Th;  J7,8,17
JUDE
5+     Ky;  J7,8,11-14,16-18,22,23
9+     Ky;  J7,8,11-14,16-18,22-24
14     Ky;  J7,8,13,14,16-18,22-24
REVELATION
1:8      Ky;  J7,8,13,14,16-18,22-24
4:8      Ky;  J7,8,11-14,16-18,22,24
4:11    *Ky;  J7,8,13,14,16,18
11:17    Ky;  J7,8,13,14,16-18,22,23
15:3     Ky;  J7,8,13,14,16-18,22,23
15:4     Ky;  J7,8,13,14,16-18,22,23
16:7     Ky;  J13,14,16-18,22,23
18:8+    Ky;  J7,8,13,14,16-18,22-24
19:6     Ky;  J7,8,13,14,16-18,22-24
21:22   *Ky;  J7,8,13,14,16-18,22,23
22:5     Ky;  J7,8,11-14,16-18,22-24
22:6    *Ky;  J7,8,13,14,16-18,22,24
Following is a list of the 72 places where the name ¡°Jehovah¡± occurs, not in the main text of the New World Translation of the Christian Greek Scriptures, but only in the footnotes.

Mt 22:32; Mr 11:10; Lu 1:2; 2:11, 29, 38; 4:4, 18; Joh 5:4; Ac 2:30; 7:30, 37; 10:22; 13:43, 50; 14:25; 19:23; 20:25; 22:17; 26:7; Ro 7:6; 10:17; 11:8; 1Co 7:17; 10:28; 11:23; Ga 2:6; 3:20; 5:10, 12; Php 4:1, 4, 5, 10, 18; Col 3:15; 1Th 4:9, 16, 17, 17; 5:27; 1Ti 2:2, 10; 3:16; 4:7, 8; 5:4, 8; 6:2, 3, 6, 11; 2Ti 1:16, 18; 2:14, 22, 24; Tit 2:12; Heb 4:3; 9:20; 10:30; 1Pe 2:13; 3:1, 15; 5:3; 2Pe 1:3; 2Jo 11; Re 11:1, 19; 16:5; 19:1, 2.

¡°Jah,¡± the shorter form of the divine name, occurs in the Greek expression hal¡¤le¡¤lou¡¤i¡¤a¡ä, a transliteration of the Hebrew ha¡¤lelu-Yah¡ä, ¡°Praise Jah, you people!¡± Re (4 times) 19:1, 3, 4, 6.¡ªSee Ps 104:35 ftns.

THESE ARE THE actual references for the symbols above:

*** Rbi8 pp. 9-10 Introduction ***

J1      Matthew, Heb., edited by J. du Tillet, with a Lat. translation by J. Mercier, Paris, 1555.
J2      Matthew, Heb., incorporated as a separate chapter in ¡¯E¡även bo¡ächan [¡°Tried Stone¡±], by Shem-Tob ben Isaac Ibn Shaprut, 1385. Mss of 16th and 17th cent., Jewish Theological Seminary, New York.
J3      Matthew and Hebrews, Heb. and Lat., by Sebastian M¨¹nster, Basel, 1537 and 1557 respectively.
J4      Matthew, Heb., by J. Quinquarboreus, Paris, 1551.
J5      Liturgical Gospels, Heb., by F. Petri, Wittemberg, 1573.
J6      Liturgical Gospels, German, Lat., Gr. and Heb., by Johann Clajus, Leipzig, 1576.
J7      Christian Greek Scriptures in 12 languages, including Heb., by Elias Hutter, Nuremberg, 1599.
J8      Christian Greek Scriptures, Heb., by William Robertson, London, 1661.
J9      Gospels, Heb. and Lat., by Giovanni Battista Jona, Rome, 1668.
J10     The New Testament . . . in Hebrew and English, by Richard Caddick, Vol. I-III, containing Matthew¡ª1 Corinthians, London, 1798-1805.
J11     Christian Greek Scriptures, Heb., by Thomas Fry and others, London, 1817.
J12     Christian Greek Scriptures, Heb., by William Greenfield, London, 1831.
J13     Christian Greek Scriptures, Heb., by A. McCaul, M. S. Alexander, J. C. Reichardt and S. Hoga, London, 1838.
J14     Christian Greek Scriptures, Heb., by J. C. Reichardt, London, 1846.
J15     Luke, Acts, Romans and Hebrews, Heb., by J. H. R. Biesenthal, Berlin, 1855, 1867, 1853 and 1858 respectively.
J16     Christian Greek Scriptures, Heb., by J. C. Reichardt and J. H. R. Biesenthal, London, 1866.
J17     Christian Greek Scriptures, Heb., by Franz Delitzsch, London, 1981 ed.
J18     Christian Greek Scriptures, Heb., by Isaac Salkinson and C. D. Ginsburg, London.
J19     John, Heb., by Moshe I. Ben Maeir, Denver, Colorado, 1957.
J20     A Concordance to the Greek Testament, by W. F. Moulton and A. S. Geden, fourth ed., Edinburgh, 1963.
J21     The Emphatic Diaglott (Greek-English interlinear), by Benjamin Wilson, New York, 1864, reprint by Watch Tower Bible and Tract Society, Brooklyn, 1942.
J22     Christian Greek Scriptures, Heb., by United Bible Societies, Jerusalem, 1979.
J23     Christian Greek Scriptures, Heb., by J. Bauchet, Rome, 1975.
J24     A Literal Translation of the New Testament . . . From the Text of the Vatican Manuscript, by Herman Heinfetter, London, 1863.
J25     St. Paul¡¯s Epistle to the Romans, by W. G. Rutherford, London, 1900.
J26     Psalms and Matthew 1:1-3:6, Heb., by Anton Margaritha, Leipzig, 1533.
J27     Die heilige Schrift des

--I will get back to you on the other aspect of "I AM" hopefully tomorrow!