Expert: Florence M Rollwagen - 7/13/2008

Question
dear sir
we are group of biology teachers
we would be happy if you answer our
questions related regarding the subject
how does the nerve cell work

Answer
Hello Dima:  Thanks for your question.  Unfortunately, this is a very large question that cannot be answered in a forum like this one.  I will give you a little information and then direct you to some good websites for more complicated explanations.

A nerve cell, or neuron is a specialized cell that transmits signals via neurochemical release into gaps called synapses.  All cells have different concentrations of ions inside and outside their cell membranes.  This ion gradient is maintained via specialized channels that pump ions in or out of the cell.  There are calcium, sodium and potassium channels.  When a nerve fires, sodium ions enter the cell, potassium ions exit the cell and the membrane concentrations are momentarily changed.  This is the action potential.  

Take a look at these sites:

http://www.virtualventures.ca/~neil/neural/neuron-a.html

http://www.bristol.ac.uk/synaptic/public/basics_ch1_2.html


I hope this answer has helped you.  Please write back if you have more  questions.

FM Rollwagen, PhD