Expert: Walter Hintz - 9/12/2007

Question
QUESTION: the gametes of an alligator contain 16 chromosomes. all the other cells in an alligator contain _____ chromosomes.   

a.8 b.16 c.32 d.64
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most scientists believe that life on earth   
a.was put here by divine forces.
b.arose from inanimate matter.
c.originated on another planter outside out solar system. d.was here all along.
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plants and herbivores that eat them evolved independently of one another.   

true or false?
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producers in an ecosystem transfer all of their energy to primary-level consumers.   

true or false?
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commensalism : one organism ::   
a. parasitism : both organisms  
b.predation : neither organism
c. competition : one organism
d.mutualism : both organisms
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CFC : ozone   

a.ozone : carbon dioxide
b.ozone : oxygen
c.acid rain : fish and amphibians
d.acid rain : mammals and birds
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CFC's were once   

a.thought to be chemically inert
b.used as refrigerants
c.used as aerosol propellants
d.all of the above
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in pea plants, yellow seeds are dominant over green seeds. what would be the expected genotype ratio in a cross between a plant with green seeds and a plant that is heterozygous for a seed color....

1 : 3,
1: 2 :1,
4 : 1,
or 1 : 1?
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a candidate for major of a large city proposed that the city stop spending money to encourage people to ride public transportation. he argued that the money was no longer needed because air-pollution levels in the city had dropped significantly. his opponent disagreed. identify a logical flaw in the candidates argument that the opponent can use to support his case. what additional data might help voters decide who was right?
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a rough-coated male guinea pig was crossed with a homozygous smooth-coated female (rr). their offspring are rough-coated and smooth-coated in a 1:1 ratio. use a punnet square to calculate the genotype of the male parent.
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natural selection causes...   
a.changes in the environment.
b.plants and animals to produce more offspring than can survive
c.changes in the frequency of certain alleles in a population.
d. or all of the above.
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a trait that occurs in 450 individuals out of a total of 1,800 individuals occurs with a probability of   

a.0.04
b.0.25
c.0.50
d.0.75
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you are given 4 test tubes containing purified biological macromolecules. the test tubes are unlabeled except for a number between 1 and 4. you are told that one test tube contains a protein, one contains a lipid, one contains a carbohydrate, and one contains a nucleic acid. you then perform some tests on the macromolecules and collect the following information.   a. test tubes 2 and 4 contain nitrogen, but the other tubes do not. b. the contents of the test tube of 3 are not soluble in water, but the contents of the other test tubes are soluble in water. c.the contents of test tube 1 can be broken down into subunits that are all exactly identical to each other. d.the macromolecule in test tube 2 is found to have a globular shape.   

what are the identities of the macromolecules present in the four test tubes? explain."

ANSWER: Hi casie;
I do not answer homework or test questions.  However if you answer them I will check them and tell you why they are wrong if you miss them.

---------- FOLLOW-UP ----------

QUESTION: 1. 32.
2.arose from inanimate matter.
3. true
4.false
5.mutualism : both organisms
6.acid rain : fish and amphibians
7.all of the above
8. 1 : 1
9. i don't know. help?
10.i don't know. please help?
11.all of the above.
12. 0.25

ANSWER: First 5 are correct
#6 should be b
7 and 8 are correct
9 I see no flaw but this question puzzles me also
10.
         R          r  (male)

   r    Rr          rr

   r   Rr          rr

11. I do not think any answer here is correct
12. .25

Last Tubes 2 and 4 Protein
tube 3 Laipid
 Tube 1 Carb

---------- FOLLOW-UP ----------

QUESTION: here are some more questions. please check them and if wrong help.

the cotyledons in a seed
a.protect the embryo
*b.provide a source of food for the embryo
c.develop from the seed coat
d.are part of the gametophyte.

the organism felis is a member of the genus
a.animalia
b.concolor
*c.felis
d.mammalia

the scientific name of an organism
a.varies according to the native language of scientists
*b.is the same for scientists all over the world
c.may refer to more than one species
d.may have more than one genus name

what function do the druits produced by angiosperms perform?
a.provide food for humans and other animals
b.protect the seeds
c.desperse the seeds
*d.all of the above

the beaks of a bird and the beak of a giant squid evolved independently and serve the same function. the beaks are _______ structures.
a.convergent
b.phentic
*c.analogous
d.hybrid

the haploid form in a platns life cycle is called the
a.sporophyte
*b.gametophyte
c.parental generation
d.alternative generation

which of the following might be found in the cytoplasm of a bacterial cell?
a.chloroplasts
b.golgi bodies
c.mitochondria
*d.none of these

when individual members of two different species successfully interbreed, the offspring.
a.always are born prematurely
b.are genitically identical to the female parents
c.usually are smaller that either parents
*d.are called hybrids

scientists don't use organisms common names because
a.an organism may have more than one common name
b.common names are too ambigious
c.an organism rarely has the same name in different languages
*d.all of the above

a person choosing to follow a vegetarian diet can obtain a complete array of proteins by eating
a.a variety of legumes
b.an assortment of cereal grains
*c.a combination of legumes and cereal grains
d.beef raised on a diet of corn and soybeans

antibiotics are ineffective against viral infection because
a.viruses are protected inside their host cells
b.viruses have enzymes that inactivate the antibiotics
*c.antibiotics interfere with metabolic processes that viruses do not perform
d.viral protein coats block the antibiotics from entering the virus

rice and corn : cereal grains ::
a.beets and wheats: leaves
*b.sweet potatoes and cassava:roots
c.turnips and radishes:stems
d.wheat and corn:roots

vegetables that we eat come from various plant parts including
a.stems
b.roots
c.leaves
*d.all of the above

all the following diseases are trandmitted through contaminated food or water except
a.botulism
b.salmonells poisoning
c.cholera
*d.tuberculosis

lyme disease:ticks::
a.tuberculosis:food and feces
b.cholera:human tubercles
c.typhus:lice
*d.bubonic plague:fleas

class:family::
a.order:phylum
b.genus:class
c.family:class
*d.phylum:order

bacteria reproduce by
a.mitosis
b.meiosis
*c.splitting into identical cells
d.cytokinesis

most animals that breed and produce fertile offspring are considered to be the members of the same
a.class
b.genus
c.family
*d.species

antibiotics
a.include penicillin, tetracycline and streptomycin
b.may prevent bacteria from making new cell walls
c.are very effective treatments for bacterial deseases
*d.all of the above

a vaccine
a.neutralizes toxins produced by bacteria
b.prevents the process of protwin synthesis in viruses
*c.stimulates an immune system responce to the pathogen
d.causes the production of antibiotics

bacteria lack a true nucleus and membrane-bound organelles; therefore they are classified as
*a.prokaryotes
b.movement by amoebas
c.euglena reproduction
d.paramecium mitosis

pseudopods are used for
a.paramecium conjuction
*b.movement by amoebas
c.euglena reproduction
d.paramecium mitosis

one of the reasons that the incidence of malaria has been one of the increase since the mid-1970s is that
a.DDT is no longer used in most of the world
b.the mosquitoes that spread the malaria parasite have evolved resistance to the insectides that control them
c.global warming has led to a worldwide increase in the number of mosquitoes that spread the malaria parasite
d.none of the above

fungi
a.do not contain chloroplasts
b.have cells walls that contain chitin
c.do not produce their own food
*d.all of the above

guard cells:stomata:
*a.can openers:cans
b.hammers:nails
c.cushions:rocking chairs
d.all of the above

turpentine is made from
a.oak trees that grow in the northeastern united states
b.pine trees that grow in the southeastern united states
c.yew trees that grow in the western united states
d.rubber trees that grow on plantations in asia

adrian decided to conduct an experiment on the effects of gibberellins on plant growth for a science project. he chose garden peas for his experiment. he grew a dwarf type of garden pea and sprayed half of his plants with gibberellin ever day for three weeks after germination. the other half of his plants  were not sprayed. at the end of him experiment, he measured the height of all the plants. he found that the dwarf plants that were spreayed with gibberellin were much taller than the unspreayed plants. he concluded that the gibberellin increases the growth rate of pea plants.

how could you modify adrian's conclusion to make it better reflect the results he obtained?

&nd how could adrian have designed his experiment different to make it a better experiment?
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an example of segmentat in a human is the
a.digestive system
b.skin
c.vertebrak column
d.brain

which of the following is usually characteristic of reproduction in a terrestrial enviroment?
a.extermal fertilization
b.internal fertilization
c.shell-less, water-permeable eggs
d.none of the above

insects affect us by
a.causing crop damage
b.destroying out homes
c.transmitting diseases to livestock
d.all of the above

which of the following phyla doe snot contain parasitic species?
a.annelida
*b.cnidaria
c.nematoda
d.platyhelminthes

copepods are
*a.aquatic crustaceans
b.amhipods
c.terrestrial isopods
d.chelicerates

unlike other reptiles, turtles and tortoises
a.live only in water
b.are prehistoric
c.are endangered
*d.do not have teeth

reptiles are
a.endotherms
*b.ectothermic
c.ergothermic
d.none of the above

birds
a.are the only flying mammal
b.have a four chambered heart
*c.have bones composed primarily of keratin
d.all of the above

in what ways are lobsters similar to spiders?
a.they have jointed appendages
b.they have exoskeletons
c.they have segmented bodies
*d.all of the above

snakes are reptiles of the order
*a.squamata
b.saurischia
c.testudines
d.ichthysauria

birds retain many replilian features, including
a.teeth
b.a long bony tail
*c.scales on their feet and lower legs
d.none of the above

the major difference between marsupials and placentals is
a.their ability to maintain a steady body temperature
b.their teeth
*c.their pattern of embryonic develpment
d.the size of their eggs

gills : fish ::
a.lungs : mammal
b.blood vessels : circulation
*c.egg : vertebrate
d.skin : reptile

cephalization
a.is a feature of most invertebrates including the sponges
*b.is characterized by the concentration of sensory organs in the anterior end
c.occurs in marine protozoa
d.results when the brain does not develop properly

which two groupd of animals have fully adapted to life on dry land?
a.sponges and cnidarians
b.echinoderms and nematodes
*c.arthropods and vertebrates
d.flatworms and snails

the swim bladder
a.stores air for breathing
b.contains antibodies
c.is found in all amphibians
*d.allows fishes to become moe buoyant

reptile : dry :
a.amphibian : watertight
b.terrestrial : moist
c.swim bladder : active
*d.amphibian " moist

feathers that are specialized for insulation are known as
a.concave feathers
b.contour feathers
c.warming feathers
*d.down feathers.

birds are different from reptiles in that they
a.are endothermic
b.have feathers covering their bodies rather than scales
c.have four chambered heart
*d.all of the above

amphibians must have thin, moist skin
a.to allow easier gas exchange
b.because thin, moist skin can not be eaten by a predator
c.so that they can slip easily into tight places
*d.to resist water loss

humans benefit from insects in many ways including
a.a production of polyester by moths
b.that transmission of sleeping sickness
*c.the pollination
d.of food crops
d.all of the above

a dog is a member of the order
a.rodentia
b.insectivora
*c.carnivora
d.cetacea

amphibian : reptile ::
a.land : jaw
b.feathers : scales
*c.reptile : bird
d. hammer : nail

newts and salamanders are amphibians of the order
a.apoda
b.anura
*c.urodela
d.gymnophiona

bony fishes : stronger muscle ::
a.bony fishes : lungs
b.sharks : bony skeleton
c.sharks : ray fins
*d.sharks : rows of teeth

the most widely accepted hypothesis to explain the mass extinction of dinosaurs proposes
*a.that the earth was struck by a meteorite that caused think dust clouds
b.a massive volcanic eruption
c.sunspots that disrupted the earths weather
d.that the earth cooled in an ice age 65 million years ago

during metamorphosis is frogs
a.lungs replace gills
b.limbs develop
c.the tail disappears
*d.all of the above

hair may
a.serve as insulation
b.have a sensory function
c.be a defensive weapon
*d.all of the above

Answer
Hi casie
You seem to be doing fine.  All you answered were correct.  The question about the pea plants:  The only modification I could see was he could have measured leaf growth.
 You also did not answer these:
   Turpentine question answer is b
   Segmentation of human is c
    Insects all are correct.
 In the future be sure to number questions