Biology/Questions Answered by Expert Dana Krempels, Ph.D.
| Subject | Date Asked |
| Large Punnett Square Problems | 1/18/2012 |
| Q: I finished a bio quiz today, where we were asked to do very large Punnett square problems, even ... A: Well, that was sort of a trick question. If the genotype was really AaBBCCDDEE, then there are only ... | |
| Cloning: hair follicles? | 1/14/2012 |
| Q: How far along are scientists in the cloning department? I think some people claim they actually have ... A: James If we knew what makes certain types of structures difficult to clone, then we probably could ... | |
| Cells: Cytoplasm gel vs. sol | 1/10/2012 |
| Q: ?What is mean by sol and gel please help me thanks:)I would be greatly appreciate if you do early ... A: A cell with cytoplasm in sol form has broken down the actin filaments that give the cell its ... | |
| Cloning: hair follicles? | 1/9/2012 |
| Q: How far along are scientists in the cloning department? I think some people claim they actually have ... A: Individual cells and things like hair follicles are not really the realm of cloning so much as ... | |
| biology best | 1/8/2012 |
| Q: sir,i want ask you some question..first,how to be a zoological?..and second question is how much ... A: Wildlife conservation, ecology, so many fields in which not just zoology, but plant/animal ... | |
| Lysenkoism | 1/5/2012 |
| Q: What is Lysenko and why so much hue and cry on it? A: To learn more about what Lysenkoism is, please read: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lysenkoism But ... | |
| Are some people born with both a penis and a vagina? | 1/3/2012 |
| Q: Are some people born with both a penis and a vagina? A: So far, there has never been a known case of a true human hermaphrodite, i.e., an individual with ... | |
| Human Male and Female voice | 1/2/2012 |
| Q: A Man can imitate female voice.But a female cant imitate a male voice.Why? Thanks Syam A: It's not true that no females can imitate a male voice. It depends on the individual, and her ... | |
| How to be a zoologist? | 12/31/2011 |
| Q: sir,i want ask you some question..first,how to be a zoological?..and second question is how much ... A: The best way to become a zoologist in any country is to get a Bachelor of Science degree from an ... | |
| GMO Foods | 12/20/2011 |
| Q: I buy my vegetables at Krogers Supermarket. They aren't in the "Organic Vegetable" section and I've ... A: At the moment, no one is required to label foods as containing GMOs. So you're left guessing. It's ... | |
| snake | 12/19/2011 |
| Q: SIR HOW I KNOW THAT THIS SNAKE IS POISSONESS ? ANYTHING THAT TELL ME THAT THIS SNAKE IS POISSONESS ... A: You say "the following snake" which suggests that a picture is attached, or at least some type of ... | |
| We need creative science-related shirt ideas | 12/19/2011 |
| Q: We have a science-related club in school. We need shirt ideas for this club. We need a ... A: My husband Kevin is much better than I am at this, so I asked him for some suggestions. Here's what ... | |
| snake | 12/18/2011 |
| Q: SIR HOW I KNOW THAT THIS SNAKE IS POISSONESS ? ANYTHING THAT TELL ME THAT THIS SNAKE IS POISSONESS ... A: There are so many species of venomous snakes in India that it would be impossible to give you all ... | |
| Do human hermaphrodites exist? | 12/13/2011 |
| Q: Do human hermaphrodites exist? A: There have been no confirmed cases of true human hermaphrodites, in which both male and female ... | |
| Allium cepa chromosomes | 12/8/2011 |
| Q: what is the reason for the constant number of chromosomes in allium cepa *onion* from generation to ... A: I am not sure exactly what you are asking. But if you mean why a daughter Allium cepa has the same ... | |
| High hemoglobin levels? | 12/4/2011 |
| Q: I went for a flu shot back in September 2011. My PCP took routine blood tests but I did not hear ... A: I can't tell you why your physician waited so long to contact you. Only she can tell you that. I ... | |
| High hemoglobin levels? | 12/3/2011 |
| Q: I went for a flu shot back in September 2011. My PCP took routine blood tests but I did not hear ... A: Well, as almost all web sites (including NIH and other reliable sources) will tell you, the "normal" ... | |
| High hemoglobin levels? | 12/3/2011 |
| Q: I went for a flu shot back in September 2011. My PCP took routine blood tests but I did not hear ... A: When she said "slightly" elevated hemoglobin, did she give you a number? If your hemoglobin is very ... | |
| Biology Questions? | 12/1/2011 |
| Q: How are you? I have a quick question. I am trying to find some helpful websites that will assist me ... A: Here's my own web site I use to help my Evolution and Biodiversity students understand the ... | |
| DNA replication | 11/30/2011 |
| Q: I am Mr Washington. Since this is my first time learning about DNA, I hope you can help me. During ... A: Washington, The problem is that the enzymes that facilitate DNA replication can add incoming ... | |
| Ref: question | 11/28/2011 |
| Q: Good day Can you tell me if the genetic differences among different races and ethnic groups is ... A: There is no single study that tells us that the concept of race is superficial. However, there are ... | |
| bones | 11/26/2011 |
| Q: why do we need bone dissolving cells? A: Bone is remodeled constantly as we grow and develop, as our bodies change in response to ... | |
| Genetic basis for Dandy Walker Syndrome | 11/24/2011 |
| Q: I have recently found out that I am pregnant with my first child. I have two younger brothers, one ... A: While Dandy-Walker Syndrome is congenital, its genetics are complex and not yet fully understood. ... | |
| Ref: question | 11/22/2011 |
| Q: Good day Can you tell me if the genetic differences among different races and ethnic groups is ... A: There is more genetic variation among members of a single race of humans than there is between ... | |
| mitochondrial damage and schizo-affective disorder in progeny | 11/20/2011 |
| Q: My daughter was diagnosed schizo-affective/bipolar two months prior to her suicide (the direct ... A: I am very sorry about the tragedy you have suffered. Unfortunately, there is no way to know exactly ... | |
| Is there a difference between schizophrenia and multiple personality disorder? | 11/20/2011 |
| Q: Is there a difference between schizophrenia and multiple personality disorder? A: Kristian Yes there is a difference. You can read about schizophrenia here: ... | |
| Development of human | 11/19/2011 |
| Q: As per Darwin human is developed from monkey so then why all monkeys are not developed as a human? ... A: It is a common misconception that Darwin said humans evolved from monkeys. This is not what he ... | |
| Are we too many people on Earth or are the resources allocated wrong? | 11/18/2011 |
| Q: Are we too many people on Earth or are the resources allocated wrong? A: In my opinion, there are far too many humans on earth, and we do run the risk of destroying our ... | |
| Hyperventilation | 11/16/2011 |
| Q: For a person who has hyperventilated, why does breathing into a paper bag restore normal blood ... A: This sounds like a homework question for a physiology class, so I'm not going to provide the answer ... | |
| How do we know that animals don't have feelings? | 11/16/2011 |
| Q: How do we know that animals don't have feelings but just are hedonistic? A: Non-human animals *do* have feelings. Emotions are adaptive, and the more complex vertebrates ... | |
| Genetics Interview | 10/17/2011 |
| Q: my name is Allyson and I'm doing a Senior Project right now for my English class and I was wondering ... A: 1) Are you currently working or have previously worked in the field of Genetics? Not in genetic ... | |
| Biological Clock / Circadian rhythm. | 10/15/2011 |
| Q: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Circadian_rhythm Most of the Offices,Industries are working in Day ... A: Yes, you are correct. Humans have a natural Circadian rhythm, which can be viewed here: ... | |
| the biology of radial symmetry | 10/6/2011 |
| Q: Dr. Krempels, I am curious to know if there is some molecular reason why some animals such octopi ... A: This is one of the HUGE questions in evolutionary biology. There is not a single protein involved ... | |
| Biology Sac Fungi (AScomycota) | 10/5/2011 |
| Q: 1. I need to know why fungi call Ascomycota or sac fungi.? I know that it's because od the shape ... A: It is because the small, specialized structure in which meiosis takes place has somewhat the ... | |
| genetics | 9/22/2011 |
| Q: how are humans evolved i need clear explaination ?????? A: This is far too huge a topic for an email answer. You could read many books and still not have all ... | |
| the evolutionary role of death | 9/20/2011 |
| Q: Lately I have been thinking about evolutionary mechanisms and one thing that puzzles me is why all ... A: I don't think there's a consensus on or "official" explanation for an evolutionary reason for death. ... | |
| Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) Queries | 9/19/2011 |
| Q: 1. Can a HIV infected Patient's Blood be used for other Patients of the same blood group. i.e if ... A: 1. An HIV-infected person should not be a blood donor. The virus can pass to another person in a ... | |
| Vitamin D levels correlation with level of hairiness? | 9/14/2011 |
| Q: Hey, I was wondering whether or not people who are hairy are at a distinct disadvantage when it ... A: Body hair is not likely to block very much sunlight, and I very much doubt there is a significant ... | |
| living things | 9/12/2011 |
| Q: A: I can't do your homework for you, but I can help you by listing the characteristics that an organism ... | |
| Ref: question | 9/11/2011 |
| Q: Good day How does DNA evidence work to idnetify people and how is this possible? Does DNA differ ... A: DNA consists of repeating subunits called nucleotides that differ in one very important aspect: a ... | |
| Eye Color | 9/8/2011 |
| Q: My husband and I recently have been talking about having our first child. Particularly ... what ... A: Human hair, eye, and skin color are very complex and difficult to predict, because each of these ... | |
| babies eye colour. | 9/7/2011 |
| Q: I have 4 children all with brown eyes and light brown eyes. I have green eyes and brown hair, my ... A: Human hair, eye, and skin color are very complex and difficult to predict, because each of these ... | |
| AP Biology course | 9/6/2011 |
| Q: My name is Natalia and I am taking an AP Biology course For my class i have to interview a biologist ... A: Natalia, I hope this will help. 1. How did you get interested in the sciences/biology? I was ... | |
| plant identification | 9/4/2011 |
| Q: I live in the South-east side of Florida. I was wondering if you could tell me who I could write to ... A: If you can send a picture, I can better confirm the identity. But it sounds like you're seeing a ... | |
| future baby | 8/8/2011 |
| Q: my name is samia and I'm from Algeria.I have a fair complexion,fair eyes and a somewhat curly ... A: Sorry for the delayed answer. I have been in the wilds of Idaho without internet, but have just now ... | |
| Electron transfer chains in prokaryotes | 8/5/2011 |
| Q: I was hoping you would be able to help with my understanding of anaerobic respiration. I have read a ... A: Sorry for the delay in answering. I've been trapped in the wilds of Idaho without internet access, ... | |
| Ear Genetics | 6/28/2011 |
| Q: My 2 year old niece has two distinct ears. I've searched the net for information, but not been able ... A: The shape of a person's ears is determined by more than one gene's action, and it can also be ... | |
| Our First Child | 6/27/2011 |
| Q: I am very interested in your insight as to what hair and eye color our little girl might have. She ... A: Human hair, eye, and skin color are very complex and difficult to predict, because each of these ... | |
| genes and heart disease | 6/20/2011 |
| Q: This may be out of your expertise, but when I saw "genetics" listed, I thought I'd ask. And, this ... A: Males and females don't necessarily take after the parent of the same sex more than they would the ... | |
| Won't you feel cold if you drink alcohol? | 6/13/2011 |
| Q: Won't you feel cold if you drink alcohol when it is cold? Is it therefore some people take off their ... A: Alcohol will cause the blood vessels to dilate and this will give the superficial feeling of warmth. ... | |
| medicinal plants | 6/13/2011 |
| Q: First of all excuse my poor English. It's not my native language. From an evolution point of view, ... A: Medicinal plants don't make the compounds we find useful for *our* benefit. Most such compounds ... | |
| Is it possible? | 6/11/2011 |
| Q: Is it possible that we in the future can develop a system so that we can keep the same age for ... A: Current research into aging may make it possible for the aging process to be dramatically arrested. ... | |
| Anti-depressants | 6/11/2011 |
| Q: Why isn't it a good idea to give people without a depression medicine for depression when it makes ... A: Anti-depressants have various mechanisms of action, and there are also idiosyncratic reactions to ... | |
| Why is it that an overdose of paracetamol hurts? | 6/11/2011 |
| Q: Why is it that an overdose of paracetamol hurts while an overdose of heroin doesn't when they are ... A: Paracetamol (acetominophen) has completely different chemical composition from heroin, an opium ... | |
| Action Potential and Sodium-potassium pump | 6/6/2011 |
| Q: Can you please explain Action Potential to me and how it travels across the sarcolemma. I am also ... A: It would take an extremely long email for me to completely describe the action potential or ... | |
| How much time does it take before you die of the poison from a poison dart frog? Is it immediately? | 6/5/2011 |
| Q: How much time does it take before you die of the poison from a poison dart frog? Is it immediately? A: Not all poison dart frogs are deadly enough to kill. Death is not instant, but it is due to ... | |
| Will they go into unconsciousness after 3 days? | 6/2/2011 |
| Q: Will all people who dehydrate themselves go into unconsciousness after 3 days? A: Not necessarily. It depends on the overall health, initial state of hydration, size of the person, ... | |
| What effects to the body does it have? | 6/1/2011 |
| Q: What effects to the body does it have to drink two liters of cola or coffee a day? A: That's a lot of caffeine, so the person drinking that much will be quite alert and caffeinated. ... | |
| Can you die from not sleeping? | 6/1/2011 |
| Q: Can you die from not sleeping? A: Yes. But a normal human is not capable of not sleeping, past a certain point. There are certain ... | |
| How many liters of water do you have to take in a day? | 5/31/2011 |
| Q: How many liters of water do you have to take in a day? How many liters come out of your body a day? A: An average mammal (including a human) requires approximately 900-1000ml of liquid per day per ... | |
| Ref: question | 5/10/2011 |
| Q: Good day I recently learnt that according to DNA evidence that all humans are like 99.9% the same ... A: Techniques in DNA sequencing have allowed scientists to show that humans are remarkably genetically ... | |
| need more info on project | 5/7/2011 |
| Q: my project is comparative study on the effect of cigarette and firewood residue in soil on the ... A: Potassium is an important plant nutrient, and if there is potash in the tobacco ash, then this could ... | |
| Botany->Angiosperms->Megaspores | 5/5/2011 |
| Q: My biology textbook says that a megaspore cell in an angiosperm divides by mitosis three times to ... A: The megagametophye (the eight-nucleate sac) is actually NOT composed of cells. It is a single mass ... | |
| need more info on project | 5/3/2011 |
| Q: my project is comparative study on the effect of cigarette and firewood residue in soil on the ... A: I suspect you will not see a difference in growth between your treatment and control plants. The ... | |
| Is homophobia a disease? | 4/1/2011 |
| Q: Is homophobia a disease or not? A: It is not classified as a disease. It may have evolutionary origins. But it is generally not ... | |
| seedling transplants | 2/23/2011 |
| Q: why is it better to transplant seedlings in a flower-bed in the evening and not in the morning? A: In the evening, the stomates of the plants will close, and this will slow the loss of water through ... | |
| Bacteriophagy and flies | 2/21/2011 |
| Q: Scientists realized that flies have bacteriophage germs on their surface (they even extract them ... A: Well, I've never thought about this before. But here's my best "educated guess." It's just a ... | |
| genetics | 2/18/2011 |
| Q: i wanna no what hair and eye colour my kids will have My wife: has brown hair brown eyes Me: blonde ... A: Human hair, eye, and skin color are very complex and difficult to predict, because each of these ... | |
| Colors that humans see best | 2/16/2011 |
| Q: To which colors, wavelengths, is the human eye most sensitive, during day and night? I ride a motor ... A: At night, the cone photoreceptors do not receive sufficient light to perceive color. Instead, the ... | |
| Wrong Blood Group Donated to a patient | 2/13/2011 |
| Q: Ms Dana Example : Blood group required by a patient because of injuries is A Rh+ ve. Suppose by ... A: Because you are needing so much diverse information on blood types and blood transfusions, I suspect ... | |
| Weed of brain | 2/10/2011 |
| Q: Before you claim this as "outside of your expertise" I want you to know that I would still love to ... A: Well, it's similar to undertaking any physical challenge: you should check with your physician ... | |
| Eagle,Vultures-Big Birds, Shark, Whales - Big Fishes Blood Group Identification | 2/10/2011 |
| Q: Ms Dana Is it possible for Human Beings to find Blood Groups of Eagle, Vultures - Big Birds and ... A: It is possible, since these animals do have immune systems and proteins embedded in their plasma ... | |
| Weed of brain | 2/10/2011 |
| Q: Before you claim this as "outside of your expertise" I want you to know that I would still love to ... A: If you had a really bad cardiac reaction to the weed, then I certainly would not recommend smoking ... | |
| Weed of brain | 2/9/2011 |
| Q: Before you claim this as "outside of your expertise" I want you to know that I would still love to ... A: Tetrahydrocannibanol, the active ingredient in marijuana, has both physiological and psychological ... | |
| Blood collected after Human Being's Death | 2/8/2011 |
| Q: Ms Dana After a Human Being is declared Dead by a Doctor/Physician, can we utilize the Blood ... A: I am neither a physician nor a phlebotomist. But I suspect that very shortly after death, the blood ... | |
| blood group and type information required | 2/6/2011 |
| Q: sub : blood group and type information required meDicine branch : pathology we have different ... A: In the future, the evolution of a new immunoglobin in the ABo group would require a mutation that ... | |
| DNA extraction of Kiwi | 2/6/2011 |
| Q: How can I make a fruit's DNA more visible to myself after doing an extraction of DNA? Am I supposed ... A: The simplest way to amplify DNA molecules (or segments of interest) for further study is via ... | |
| blood group and type information required | 2/6/2011 |
| Q: sub : blood group and type information required meDicine branch : pathology we have different ... A: Type A and Type B blood are so named because of the type of immunoglobin inserted on the plasma ... | |
| White streaks in hair and skin | 2/5/2011 |
| Q: I saw that in 2008 a lady asked a question about a pale blonde spot on her sons head. Well, I have ... A: The late acquisition of unpigmented spots on the skin you describe is consistent with a condition ... | |
| toddler eye, hair colour | 1/22/2011 |
| Q: i am a mixed female from cape town, white father grey eyes, golden blond hair, mother is a dark ... A: Human hair, eye, and skin color are very complex and difficult to predict, because each of these ... | |
| Question about genetics | 1/18/2011 |
| Q: I have a question about genetics. In high school/college I didn't do good in math or science, so I'm ... A: Human hair, eye, and skin color are very complex and difficult to predict, because each of these ... | |
| Is it proven? | 1/12/2011 |
| Q: Is it proven that we are living longer in good medical condition if we don't smoke, drink alcohol, ... A: In science, things like this are not really said to be "proven." Rather, one can say that there is ... | |
| How many minutes to draw 2 liters of blood? | 1/11/2011 |
| Q: How many minutes does it take to draw to liters of blood from the veins in the arm by a needle? A: It depends on the individual's blood pressure and other factors. But taking two liters would not be ... | |
| vitamins and hair color | 1/10/2011 |
| Q: I use to have light brown hair now almost a dark brown and i had a few blonde hairs on my eyebrows ... A: I don't think these vitamin supplements are known to be related to changing your hair color. But ... | |
| Life-span of a human cell | 1/10/2011 |
| Q: What is the life-span of a human cell? I understood that all cells die after about 7-10 years, ... A: Brain cells, like any other neuron, must last the lifetime of the individual human. Most neurons ... | |
| Are there good veins? | 1/7/2011 |
| Q: Are there good veins in the arm to take blood from? A: The most common vein in the arm that's tapped for blood is the cephalic vein, located in the crook ... | |
| Life-span of a human cell | 1/3/2011 |
| Q: What is the life-span of a human cell? I understood that all cells die after about 7-10 years, ... A: Dr. Dawkins was probably speaking in generalities when he said that. The lifespan of a human cell ... | |
| Sperm whales and giant squid | 1/3/2011 |
| Q: How many giant squid live in the oceans? My thinking that led to thisI've read that sperm whales ... A: You are correct that there are probably more giant squid than sperm whales. There would have to be, ... | |
| Gravity adaptation/strength | 1/2/2011 |
| Q: I was rereading the SF "Deathworld" series by Harry Harrison. I was wondering just how much stronger ... A: I think there are too many variables here to make a confident prediction about exactly *how much* ... | |
| Place of jellyfish in the marine ecosystem | 12/30/2010 |
| Q: Krempels, I read an article about rising ocean temperatures and increasing seawater acidity ... A: Paul Well, if this happens at least the folks in Japan and China will be happy. Jellyfish is ... | |
| Gays | 12/26/2010 |
| Q: What is the cause of homosexuality and what is the difference in the body structure of gay person ... A: The causes of homosexuality are not fully understood. But--at least in males--there appears to be a ... | |
| Third Gender | 12/26/2010 |
| Q: What is the difference in the body structure of a third gender person and normal human being? A: Recently, there has been a trend to use the word "gender" (in English) to describe how a person ... | |
| Evolution of Straight Hair | 12/24/2010 |
| Q: Is their a strong argument for straight hair being a cold adaptive trait? How can straight hair ... A: This sounds to me like the dreaded Just So Story: making up an evolutionary/adaptive reason that ... | |
| definition of biogeochemical | 12/23/2010 |
| Q: sir . what do we mean by BIOGEOCHEMICALS ? please explain . A: A biogeochemical is a substance that cycles through both living (bio) and non-living (geo, the earth ... | |
| AIDS | 12/23/2010 |
| Q: sir . as we know that AIDS stands for " acquired immuno deficiency syndrome " but , tell me the ... A: By "acquired", the description indicates that the condition is not congenital. That is, not present ... | |
| Genetics | 12/22/2010 |
| Q: What hair color might my baby have? My side: Grandmother - Black hair Brown eyes Grandfather - ... A: Human hair, eye, and skin color are very complex and difficult to predict, because each of these ... | |
| Ginger genes | 12/20/2010 |
| Q: Hey, I was just wondering what the chances of my baby having ginger hair, I have brown hair, and my ... A: Human hair, eye, and skin color are very complex and difficult to predict, because each of these ... | |
| Baby hair color | 12/20/2010 |
| Q: I was hoping you could help me out. My wifes expecting and I'm doing to Know whats the most probable ... A: Human hair, eye, and skin color are very complex and difficult to predict, because each of these ... | |
| Drawing DNA | 12/18/2010 |
| Q: I am supposed to draw a linear sketch of DNA! What does that mean? Am I supposed to draw the same ... A: For specific instructions, you should ask your instructor. But I think it would be a good idea for ... | |
| Bio Nucleotides | 12/8/2010 |
| Q: This was an extra credit question to be added to the final. I have taken my final as of Monday and ... A: I'm not going to give you the *whole* answer, since this sounds remarkably like a homework problem. ... | |
| mutations and amino acids | 12/7/2010 |
| Q: i have to answer this question for my bio class and i have no idea what im exactly supposed to be ... A: I can't do the homework for you, but I can guide you. 1. Every three "letters" on the DNA ... | |
| compare and contrast | 12/7/2010 |
| Q: In biology, we are suppose to make a chart to compare and contrast ATP and NADPH but i don't ... A: First step: Understand that both ATP and NADPH are molecules that temporarily store energy that the ... | |
| Germs | 12/5/2010 |
| Q: Suppose one forgot to wash their hands after defecating and didn't realize it for awhile; is this ... A: First, I hope I can put your mind at ease by telling you that the vast majority of bacteria and ... | |
| Germs | 12/3/2010 |
| Q: Suppose one forgot to wash their hands after defecating and didn't realize it for awhile; is this ... A: The most dangerous bacteria in human fecal matter are Escherichia coli. But, as you might guess, ... | |
| Biology: cell differentiation | 12/1/2010 |
| Q: How do some cells become brain cells and others become skin cells, when the DNA in ALL the cells is ... A: This is one of the great miracles of life, and it it only relatively recently that the mechanism has ... | |
| Endosymbiont Model: mitochondria and chloroplast DNA | 10/24/2010 |
| Q: I understand that mitochondria and chloraplasts both provide energy- I dont undeerstand why they ... A: Mitochondria and chloroplasts are believed to be descended from ancient bacteria that took up ... | |
| CO2 | 10/21/2010 |
| Q: Me again, In cases of Colic in horses is it possible that Borrelia burgdorferi (Bb)is present in the ... A: I don't think anyone has identified this as a cause of colic. But a necropsy of the GI tract of a ... | |
| What is the difference between a leopard and a cheetah? | 10/19/2010 |
| Q: What is the difference between cheetah and leopard? A: They are entirely different species, and even members of different genera. The cheetah (Acionyx ... | |
| Heavy gravity | 10/19/2010 |
| Q: I know about human inability to handle zero-gravity. But is it fesible to expect humans to gradually ... A: Whether individual humans could adapt to this change in gravity over their individual lifetimes is ... | |
| animal menstrual cycles | 10/19/2010 |
| Q: What female animals have a menstrual cycle? A: While most mammals have an estrus cycle, only some primates have an overt menstrual cycle that is ... | |
| Biosphere/Closed-Biosphere | 10/18/2010 |
| Q: Krempels, I am writing a science ficiton book that features a biodome. If you had your pick of ... A: Camille I'm not an expert on this, so my ideas are purely educated guesses. But here goes. You ... | |
| Biology-Alternation of generations in plants | 10/13/2010 |
| Q: I have to present the path of change and reduction of the gametophyte from mosses through ferns to ... A: I have a web site you can use as a reference, but don't use this for your presentation without ... | |
| Urine smell in carpet | 10/9/2010 |
| Q: A recent move into a rental and finding out that the one bedroom reeks of animal urine, we contacted ... A: Few things will remove the nasty smell of old urine in a carpet, and once a carpet is so soiled it ... | |
| Science fair topic: mouth bacteria | 10/7/2010 |
| Q: Krempels. I noticed your response to a student who is doing her science fair project on who's mouth ... A: What you have stated as a hypothesis is actually a prediction, not a hypothesis. I'd start off by ... | |
| Tundra question | 10/5/2010 |
| Q: I am researching the tundra biome and I am wondering if there is any invasive plant species in the ... A: The tundra biome is a very harsh environment, and non-native plants have a very hard time becoming ... | |
| Genetics | 9/30/2010 |
| Q: I was tracing back a certain trait I've found in my family. My two sisters and my uncle both have ... A: Yes, it's possible. While "Celtic Toe" (more commonly known as "Morton's Toe" or "Morton's Foot") ... | |
| diffusion question and answer | 9/29/2010 |
| Q: I read your answer for the question of phenolphthalein and sodium hydroxide may I also ask if I am ... A: The phenolpthalein is a large molecule, and does not diffuse across the membrane. This is why it is ... | |
| genetics of hair color | 9/28/2010 |
| Q: im wondering about genetics. Say for example I have dark hair, as do both my parents and all my ... A: Hair color is controlled by more than one gene. But humans (and other mammals) have two forms of ... | |
| Insulin resistance | 9/25/2010 |
| Q: Have read where CO2 is reported to increase obesity and Insulin resistance in humans. Is this true? A: Where did you read this? I'd be curious. Because we are constantly exposed to CO2 all the time. ... | |
| Dominate hand theory diagram | 9/20/2010 |
| Q: Diagram for dominant hand theory. A: Very cool. My husband looked at the ambidextrous one and wondered if it had been Photoshopped, but ... | |
| Dominant hand theory | 9/20/2010 |
| Q: I've come across an observation that may hold some kind of scientific merit. The idea is testable, ... A: This is very interesting! I see no reason why you could not publish this yourself, though it would ... | |
| Resemblance | 9/20/2010 |
| Q: Is it possible that a child does not look like either parents?If yes,how frequntly does it ... A: Inheritance is a strange and unpredictable thing. Most of our characteristics are governed not by ... | |
| Allergy and animals | 9/19/2010 |
| Q: We humans suffer from differnt kinds of allergies. And since we take care of our sick siblings, we ... A: An allergy is simply the immune system's response to a particular substance to which an individual ... | |
| Gene Therapy | 9/19/2010 |
| Q: How does gene therapy work? A: The answer to your question is too enormous for an email forum like this one. But you can find an ... | |
| Hormones- Bio | 9/17/2010 |
| Q: Hai, good day. Recently I have been reading chemical coordination in humans and plant. I would like ... A: There are almost no similarities between plant hormones and animal hormones. You can read about the ... | |
| Myth or True? | 9/9/2010 |
| Q: Firstly I would like to highly appreciate and express my regards to all the help and support you ... A: Boy, I haven't heard that one before. But then I did a quick search and found that the rumor is out ... | |
| Noah's Ark | 9/8/2010 |
| Q: Wouldn't it be possible to disprove the idea that all the animals on earth came from mated pairs ... A: It's pretty easy to disprove the Noah's Ark idea, and using mitochondrial DNA to do it is one very ... | |
| A small question from a small Scientist ! | 9/7/2010 |
| Q: HAI I AM VARSHA VINOD STUDYING IN 8 A. I WANT A BIOLOGY OR PHYSICS PROJECT THAT HAS SOME MOTIONS ... A: Varsha, Congratulations on your quest to be a scientist! Here is an excellent web site with some ... | |
| CO2 | 9/2/2010 |
| Q: Previous Question to John Locke: (now on vacation) He suggests alternate pathways to rid the body of ... A: "First of all I guess I should establish that the condition is diseased and not normal." If you ... | |
| Lyme disease | 8/31/2010 |
| Q: Previous Question to John Locke: (now on vacation) He suggests alternate pathways to rid the body of ... A: When there are more pathogens than can be handled by the immune system, then you have a very serious ... | |
| CO2 | 8/31/2010 |
| Q: Previous Question to John Locke: (now on vacation) He suggests alternate pathways to rid the body of ... A: "Dr. Locke suggested that"there may be alternate pathways to handle this waste product or it may ... | |
| CO2 | 8/31/2010 |
| Q: Previous Question to John Locke: (now on vacation) He suggests alternate pathways to rid the body of ... A: I feel as if I'm kind of coming in on the middle of a conversation, so you'll forgive me if I answer ... | |
| origin of life | 8/31/2010 |
| Q: considering that life on earth thrives on this planet today, as opposed to when life first came ... A: So far, no one has actually created a living cell from non-living materials. But Miller and Urey ... | |
| BIO 100: What makes a hypothesis scientific? | 8/31/2010 |
| Q: describe two characteristics that define a hypothesis as "scientific". A: Terilene I can't do your homework for you. But I can point you to my chapter on scientific method ... | |
| Zombie Science | 8/29/2010 |
| Q: Krempels, I have a question that may seem peculiar at first glance, but I can assure you it is ... A: Eating human brains has caused people a lot of problems, since that's a main route of transmission ... | |
| query of question | 8/21/2010 |
| Q: Q:1When a lady becomes pregnant her symptoms like vomiting, heavy feet,headache starts.Why or how ... A: "Q:1When a lady becomes pregnant her symptoms like vomiting, heavy feet,headache starts.Why or how ... | |
| Question about Barr Bodies | 8/17/2010 |
| Q: I have a question about Barr bodies. I am a bit confused and I want you to correct me on this ... A: A Barr Body *is* an inactivated X chromosome. All females with normal sex chromosome ploidy have ... | |
| what are the most resistant organisms known to science? | 8/11/2010 |
| Q: Please try to ignore spelling mistakes,because i don't know english very well. What is the most ... A: If you are looking for a single type of organism that fits all those descriptions, it would probably ... | |
| Chicken Breast Worms | 8/10/2010 |
| Q: I cooked a chicken breast in the oven today and when it was done I was breaking it up to put on a ... A: I've heard of another person finding this type of thing in a chicken breast. These sound like ... | |
| body science | 8/7/2010 |
| Q: this is vijay and my question is why can we hear something even after we close our ears with our ... A: Yes, sound waves and vibrations can pass through body tissues, and when you plug your ears, some ... | |
| Can you help identify this fungus? | 7/11/2010 |
| Q: I have attached an image of the fungus but i can provide a few other details too. The fungus is very ... A: I'm no mycologist, but Dr. David Janos (University of Miami Department of Biology) is, and I asked ... | |
| RNA primer | 6/24/2010 |
| Q: My question is: Why an RNA primer is needed to begin the synthesis of Okazaki fragments in the ... A: This is one of those "we don't really know" evolutionary questions. It does seem like a waste of ... | |
| Origin of life | 6/17/2010 |
| Q: I am constantly learning more about life and the beginning of life, thanks to the internet. Recently ... A: This is one of the great questions that can't currently be addressed with scientific methods. ... | |
| My son's development | 6/13/2010 |
| Q: My son recently turned 16 and there are no signs of puberty. He is growing at his usual rate, but no ... A: There are many possible reasons for this, including Klinefelter Syndrome (XXY genotype, which will ... | |
| Evolutionary biology career | 6/12/2010 |
| Q: I am Yogesh Bodhe a Computer Engineering student from India! I will complete my Engineering degree ... A: Unfortunately, I am not at all versed in what opportunities might be available in India. Here in ... | |
| Evolutionary biology career | 6/10/2010 |
| Q: I am Yogesh Bodhe a Computer Engineering student from India! I will complete my Engineering degree ... A: Now is a good time for interdisciplinary research in the biological sciences. What you do with your ... | |
| Genetics | 6/9/2010 |
| Q: i had fraternal twins and my son turned out blonde hair blue eyed (as toe head as you can get). I'm ... A: Human hair, eye, and skin color are very complex and difficult to predict, because each of these ... | |
| health risks in having house dog | 6/6/2010 |
| Q: My family and I own a miniature poodle he is now four years of age almost 5. He was never potty ... A: You might well be allergic to the dog, but only a qualified allergist can perform the tests ... | |
| Effect of temperature on fish | 6/6/2010 |
| Q: im doing an exmperiment on how temperature affects Guppy fish. I found that in warmer temperatures ... A: I can't answer your homework for you completely, but I can give you a hint. Fish are poikilotherms ... | |
| Eye and Hair Inheritance | 6/5/2010 |
| Q: I was wondering if you could explain to me complex inheritance - like, the inheritance patterns of ... A: Gene interactions can be complex and unpredictable, but I think you've picked a good example in ... | |
| Animals that live underground | 5/27/2010 |
| Q: I work in a school with 4 %26 5 year old children, one boy wants to know how do animals that live ... A: This is a great question! :) Animals (and many other organisms, such as plants!) have internal ... | |
| Job opportunities in USA and pay | 5/20/2010 |
| Q: I am planning on embarking a PhD degree in the field of Microbiology. I am over in London, however I ... A: I wish I could give you a simple answer, but the job salaries are as varied as the types of ... | |
| Blood Type | 5/18/2010 |
| Q: Krempels, I am confused to as why my blood type was wrong on my birth certificate. It said I was B ... A: It would have to take pretty sloppy technique for the hospital staff to mix your blood with your ... | |
| Mangroves | 5/18/2010 |
| Q: I've been studying mangroves and must complete some questions about them. I am, however, very stuck ... A: Mud in many ecosystems where there's a lot of rotting organic matter are pretty much devoid of ... | |
| thermophilic bacteria and food safety | 5/15/2010 |
| Q: I am doing a project for my 10th grade biology class and I was wondering if you could help. It's a ... A: It's not possible to know what the specific mechanisms of heat tolerance are in the bacteria you ... | |
| compound eyes | 5/15/2010 |
| Q: When I'm in a dark room and a bright light is suddenly turned on I feel discomfort / pain in my ... A: The phenomenon you describe is pretty much an artificial one: light levels in nature rarely flare ... | |
| eye colors | 5/10/2010 |
| Q: my parents both have hazel eyes, as do I, but my younger sibling has dark brown eyes. Possible? A: FOLLOWUP: Dear Martha-Jean, I am sorry to hear that the uncertainty about your brother's parentage ... | |
| How do I find the rate of a reaction? | 5/9/2010 |
| Q: This might be a bit of a simple question for this site, but I can't find it anywhere.. I've been ... A: The rate of reaction is equal to the slope of the line you will draw when you make the best fit line ... | |
| M.S in Evolutionary Biology | 5/8/2010 |
| Q: i have got admit from a mediocre univ in m.s Biology. i want to do specialization in Evolutionary ... A: If you don't like math, then biological research might not be the best area for you. And if you ... | |
| Baby hair/eye color genetics | 5/8/2010 |
| Q: ! You probably get this question a lot :) I'm having a baby soon and I was just curious as to what ... A: Yes, I do get this question a lot. :) Human hair, eye, and skin color are very complex and ... | |
| determination of sex | 5/8/2010 |
| Q: Is a only women is responsible for born a male or female child. A: The sex of a mammal (including a human) is determined by two sex chromosomes. Every person has two ... | |
| M.S in Evolutionary Biology | 5/7/2010 |
| Q: i have got admit from a mediocre univ in m.s Biology. i want to do specialization in Evolutionary ... A: It is difficult for me to gauge the job market for evolutionary biologists in India. But these ... | |
| Sexuality | 5/5/2010 |
| Q: I'm a physics undergrad. student. I have written to you once before too. I have layman understanding ... A: Homosexuality and bisexuality in humans is not fully understood, but it is now fairly well ... | |
| babys hair color and eye and hair type? | 5/4/2010 |
| Q: Im curoious to know what eye color hair color and type of hair my child will have considering the ... A: Human hair, eye, and skin color are very complex and difficult to predict, because each of these ... | |
| whats to the left in your stomach? | 4/3/2010 |
| Q: I know the small intestine is on the right, but what's on the left side of your stomach? A: It's a little bit difficult to say that any structure is exactly to the right or left of the ... | |
| Animal Behavior: Inbreeding | 3/7/2010 |
| Q: Sir, Is it possible for any animal whatever to mate with its young or parents, just as it is ... A: Yes, it is physically possible for almost any organism to mate with its offspring or parents. ... | |
| My idea on how life started on Earth | 2/16/2010 |
| Q: Dr.Krempels, Ph.D. Hi, my name is Mark Meckstroth. I am still in high school, but, I have a huge ... A: Mark Your hypothesis is certainly not unreasonable, and there are those who believe that it is ... | |
| Adaption to environment | 2/2/2010 |
| Q: I am very interested in biology and the evolution. I got a question, and I hope you have som time ... A: Physiological adaptation is not the same as evolution. The example you cite above, of a lion ... | |
| Enzyme | 2/1/2010 |
| Q: What is the enzyme that makes RNA from DNA ? My teacher keeps confusing us on this subject the best ... A: The name of the enzyme is RNA polymerase. You can find an overview of transcription (the process of ... | |
| Lactase reaction rate: hint hint | 1/29/2010 |
| Q: say that u have produced several versions of lactace, each which differs from normal lactase by a ... A: I can't answer your homework problem for you, but I can give you a hint: consider the active site ... | |
| Exchanging DNA | 1/28/2010 |
| Q: In symbiosis, is it possible for the symbiont to exchange or share any part of its DNA with the host ... A: There are so many millions of different types of parasites, that this is nearly impossible to ... | |
| Genetics | 1/27/2010 |
| Q: An anticodon nucleotide sequence of five successive tRNA’s involved in protein synthesis was ... A: Since this is tRNA, you're twice removed from the DNA. If the tRNA was 40% A, then the ... | |
| Genes: What color will baby be? | 1/25/2010 |
| Q: I'm currently pregnant (34 weeks)with my first child. I have Strawberry Blonde hair,green eyes,fair ... A: Human hair, eye, and skin color are very complex and difficult to predict, because each of these ... | |
| Green food | 1/21/2010 |
| Q: Is green food genetically modified food or organic food? i am confused... :( A: If you mean green with a capital "G", then that usually means it's food that has been grown or ... | |
| Effects of alcohol consumption | 1/12/2010 |
| Q: Krempels, Can you please help me to answer this"Imagine that you go to a party with a friend who ... A: I can't do your homework question for you, but I can point you to a good source that will help you ... | |
| How do fruits ripen? | 1/11/2010 |
| Q: How is the sweetness comes in ripened fruit? ex. Mango, when it is unripened its not sweet, then ... A: As a seed ripens inside a fruit, it sends a hormonal message (a gas called ethylene) to the plant ... | |
| Information on mangroves | 1/7/2010 |
| Q: i need help on finding the temperature and precipitation for mangrove swamps (biome) , its for a ... A: I can't do your project research for you, but I can point you in some good directions. A very good ... | |
| Genetics problem | 1/6/2010 |
| Q: If I have two plants with the genotypes Rrtt and rrTt where red color(R) is dominant over white(r) ... A: Your Punnett square won't have 16 squares because you're not doing a dihybrid cross. Your parental ... | |
| Liverworts: Sex, Asex and Alternation of Generations | 1/6/2010 |
| Q: I know the phylum hepatophyta reproduces sexually and asexually but i don't understand the process. ... A: I can't do your homework question for you, but I can tell you that liverworts reproduce sexually ... | |
| parasite worms? | 1/6/2010 |
| Q: I found you by "Googling" chicken and parasites. I read some of your responses - and I cannot seem ... A: There was no image attached to the question you sent. Sometimes the AllExperts server messes up ... | |
| Genetics problem | 1/5/2010 |
| Q: If I have two plants with the genotypes Rrtt and rrTt where red color(R) is dominant over white(r) ... A: I can't do your homework problem for you, but I can give you a hint. Be sure that in your Punnett ... | |
| parasite worms? | 1/4/2010 |
| Q: I found you by "Googling" chicken and parasites. I read some of your responses - and I cannot seem ... A: It's possible these were nematodes, as they do sometimes invade connective tissues. There are many ... | |
| widow's peak | 1/2/2010 |
| Q: Question for you. I know what a widow peak is and that it is dominant. I think it is determined by ... A: The location of the gene encoding the Widow's Peak hairline hasn't been discovered yet. But if its ... | |
| chicken eggshell permeability | 1/2/2010 |
| Q: I have foolishly assumed that eggshells were impermeable, not even thinking that it would have to be ... A: Yes, some of the fumes might enter the egg. But the amount would be negligible, and I really doubt ... | |
| on breeding | 12/28/2009 |
| Q: respected sir, all know that the monkeys are related to our structure.so the DNA of monkey also ... A: Monkeys and humans share *similar* genes, but they are not exactly the same. Humans and sheep share ... | |
| Stem Cells | 12/21/2009 |
| Q: Do you by chance know what the most recent information on stem cell research is? I'd heard something ... A: Recent studies have indicated that it may be possible to transform non-fetal cells into cells with ... | |
| cladograms and endosymbiosis | 12/18/2009 |
| Q: I was wondering why it is that cladograms can show ancestral traits of organisms unless the organism ... A: Cladograms are diagrams showing how hypothetical ancestral taxa (represented by the nodes) branch ... | |
| biology | 12/16/2009 |
| Q: my mother is white with blonde hair and blue eyes and my father is black with brown eyes and hair. i ... A: Human hair, eye, and skin color are very complex and difficult to predict, because each of these ... | |
| bees and colors | 12/11/2009 |
| Q: I was wondering how bees distinguish the color yellow (that does not have U.V elements in it?) and ... A: Bees have the very complex eye structure typical of arthropods, known as the compound eye. The eye ... | |
| graphics programs for biology instruction | 12/8/2009 |
| Q: Dana. I'm creating and editing instructional materials for basic biology. Do you know of a good ... A: While it's not specific to biology, Adobe Creative Suite, which includes Photoshop, Acrobat, and ... | |
| Urine | 12/7/2009 |
| Q: Is human urine sterile? Is human urine sterile after it leaves the body months later? What are the ... A: I would suggest that you take this issue up with the father: old urine in the house suggests that ... | |
| epi-gene | 12/6/2009 |
| Q: Krempels. As a typical person with a rounded notion of what genes imply, there is one aspect of ... A: Epigenetics is a hot topic in evolutionary genetics now, and there's almost nothing immune to its ... | |
| somatic stem cell transfer | 12/4/2009 |
| Q: Good Evening :-) I am trying to understand the general principle of somatic stem cell transfer. I ... A: Yes, somatic stem cell transfer involves the insertion of a donor cell nucleus into an enucleated ... | |
| Is "Substance Abuse" a Disease | 12/4/2009 |
| Q: Why is substance abuse classified as a disease and how did it become to be? I may have asked a ... A: Because there is an addiction component to severe substance abuse, many people consider it a type of ... | |
| Air | 12/4/2009 |
| Q: ... I'm back with a new question..... Can air be seen by the naked eye? A: Hello again. Hope you're having a nice autumn! Can air be seen with the naked eye? That depends ... | |
| "Killing Hitler" | 12/3/2009 |
| Q: Krempels. As a typical person with a rounded notion of what genes imply, there is one aspect of ... A: The short answer is: Yes, it's surely possible that a different sperm would have resulted in a ... | |
| Urine | 12/3/2009 |
| Q: Is human urine sterile? Is human urine sterile after it leaves the body months later? What are the ... A: Human urine is sterile while in the bladder, as long as there is no urinary tract infection. Once ... | |
| Two Factor Cross Punnett Squares (Biology-Genetics) | 12/2/2009 |
| Q: An albino, nonhemophilic man, marries a normally pigmented, nonhemophilic woman whose father was ... A: I will explain, but not do the square for you, since that's your homework. :) We're considering ... | |
| Interview Questions | 11/20/2009 |
| Q: my name's Danielle and I would like to know if you could help me by answering some interview ... A: There are many different types of jobs that a biologist can have, and mine is only one of them. I ... | |
| what is this worm? | 11/17/2009 |
| Q: I've found this in the garden soil (actually, i was looking for antlion). they are about 10 mm long. ... A: It's hard for me to tell from the picture, but if there are six legs very near the front of the ... | |
| Oily skin | 11/15/2009 |
| Q: Hi i want to ask you about oily skin that sometimes our skin becomes oily specially nose area which ... A: Mammals all have oil glands that keep the skin lubricated and supple. It may seem excessive at ... | |
| Chicken breast worms | 11/10/2009 |
| Q: Dana, Yesterday my folks bought two barbeque chickens from the local supermarket we ate one, and ... A: There are other nematode species in which the male and female exist in a constant state of coitus, ... | |
| pregnancy | 11/10/2009 |
| Q: my period started today so which day will i ovulate? A: Every woman's cycles are a little bit different. But on the average, ovulation occurs approximately ... | |
| genes | 11/5/2009 |
| Q: 1- Do the genetic factore have any affects on prtection from A.I.D.s (H.i.v) illness ? 2- do the ... A: 1 - Yes, very likely. Although most people are susceptible to infection by HIV, there are a few ... | |
| eye colour genetics | 11/4/2009 |
| Q: I have a question about eye colour. I have blue eyes but my father has brown eyes and my mother has ... A: Human hair, eye, and skin color are very complex and difficult to predict, because each of these ... | |
| knee problems in Zulu people | 11/3/2009 |
| Q: i was wondering if you could point me in a direction or help me out with your knowledge,we were ... A: Environment and genetics both play a role in the reslience of any body part to injury. But I am not ... | |
| Diabetes | 11/3/2009 |
| Q: How Is Diabetes related to Biology? A: Diabetes is a disorder in which the body does not properly process sugar, and it can manifest in ... | |
| Length of time until new genetic mutations reveal themselves | 11/1/2009 |
| Q: how long does it take for new/unique genetic expressions to reveal themselves in populations of ... A: That depends on the mutation. A dominant allele can manifest in the first generation, even if it's ... | |
| Viable offspring from transgenic organisms | 10/31/2009 |
| Q: I would like to ask whether transgenic organisms (plants or animals) created in the lab usually ... A: Most transgenic organisms created in the laboratory are perfectly capable of reproducing. The ... | |
| Hooves | 10/29/2009 |
| Q: How do hooves grow and how does the environment effect on the sizes of the hooves? Thanks A: Hooves are homologous to our fingernails (they develop from the same embryonic sources in the ... | |
| Blonde Asians | 10/27/2009 |
| Q: I was wondering how myself and some (4 of 8) siblings ended up with natural blonde hair when our ... A: Human hair, eye, and skin color are very complex and difficult to predict, because each of these ... | |
| My grandchild's hair and eye color? | 10/26/2009 |
| Q: My daughter-in-law's eye color is green with light brown/blond hair. My son has blue eyes and red ... A: Human hair, eye, and skin color are very complex and difficult to predict, because each of these ... | |
| question about mutation | 10/24/2009 |
| Q: Good morning There is a great question which confuses us in schools about reasons of multion ( ... A: I believe you are referring to mutation, any change in the DNA that encodes the instructions for ... | |
| SLEEPING!! | 10/23/2009 |
| Q: I WANT TO ASK WHY DO WE AUTOMATICALLY FEEL SLEEPY IN THE NIGHT?? IF WE SLEEP ALL THE DAY YET WE FELL ... A: Almost all living organisms experience what's known as Circadian rhythms. These are natural cycles ... | |
| Biology- Genetics | 10/23/2009 |
| Q: I am curious to know what colour hair our baby will have My gradnfather (mums dad) was a red head. ... A: Human hair, eye, and skin color are very complex and difficult to predict, because each of these ... | |
| Bee vision colour yellow | 10/23/2009 |
| Q: I have read that bees can see blue and ultraviolet but not red, which probably appears as black to ... A: Ah, sorry I misunderstood your question. The arthropod eye is completely different from that of a ... | |
| Baby's hair color | 10/21/2009 |
| Q: Krempels I am curious as to what color hair my baby may possibly have. I have medium blonde hair ... A: Human hair, eye, and skin color are very complex and difficult to predict, because each of these ... | |
| Bee vision colour yellow | 10/21/2009 |
| Q: I have read that bees can see blue and ultraviolet but not red, which probably appears as black to ... A: Because color is a psychophysical phenomenon, we cannot really predict how bees perceive what we ... | |
| Height | 10/19/2009 |
| Q: 5 A: Human growth hormone is produced by the pituitary gland. You can read more here: ... | |
| When is a moustache not a moustache? | 10/18/2009 |
| Q: Q1- i want to ask that our mustache is grown under our nose why not on our cheek or on some where ... A: Your question really is about evolution, and why our species facial hair trait is the way it is. ... | |
| When is a moustache not a moustache? | 10/15/2009 |
| Q: Q1- i want to ask that our mustache is grown under our nose why not on our cheek or on some where ... A: The "moustache" is called the moustache *because* it grows under the nose. That's the name that ... | |
| baby | 10/14/2009 |
| Q: my moms side of the family all have dark hair and dark eyes my fathers side half half dark hair and ... A: Human hair, eye, and skin color are very complex and difficult to predict, because each of these ... | |
| genetic code | 10/13/2009 |
| Q: How could genetic code evolve as a results of random mutations (ie errors) and the other mechanism ... A: I must answer this question by saying: No one truly understands the answer to this question yet. ... | |
| Hair, skin and eye color genetics | 10/12/2009 |
| Q: two questions. 1.) can a child end up with blonde hair and blue eyes if it does not show up in ... A: Human hair, eye, and skin color are very complex and difficult to predict, because each of these ... | |
| Bean plants | 10/11/2009 |
| Q: I'm doing a science project on bean plants and their growth and I was wondering How much sunlight ... A: Bean plants can probably grow well on 12 hours of sunlight a day, but may be able to do with less. ... | |
| reassortment of viruses | 10/8/2009 |
| Q: I've been reading up a bit about viruses and reassortment of virus subtypes. Something occurred to ... A: This could be a concern if the vaccine is the same virus, but attenuated (i.e., weakened), or if ... | |
| Biology - Osmosis | 10/8/2009 |
| Q: Your Question was: If I fill three pieces of dialysis tubing with a 10% sugar solution, a 30% sugar ... A: Sorry for the misunderstanding. I get so many school kids asking me to do their homework that I ... | |
| cells and endoderm and ectoderm, oh my! | 10/7/2009 |
| Q: wondering if you could settle this for me please. A cell consist of 3 layers the ectoderm, mesoderm ... A: Any embryonic organism is directed in its growth and development by the instructions encoded in its ... | |
| Origin of sexual reproduction | 10/6/2009 |
| Q: Even after reading some resources on the Net (eg Wikipedia), I still struggle to understand any ... A: In answer to your questions... 1) As regards the isogametic species: can "=" and "+" be also seen ... | |
| hair colour | 10/5/2009 |
| Q: I have brown hair and brown eyes my girlfriend has red hair and blue eyes what colour hair and eyes ... A: Human hair, eye, and skin color are very complex and difficult to predict, because each of these ... | |
| cells and endoderm and ectoderm, oh my! | 10/5/2009 |
| Q: wondering if you could settle this for me please. A cell consist of 3 layers the ectoderm, mesoderm ... A: A cell does not consist of endoderm, ectoderm and mesoderm. Those three tissues are embryonic "germ ... | |
| Biology question: Disease-causing proteins? | 10/4/2009 |
| Q: What are some proteins that cause diseases, and how do they cause the disease A: I won't do all your project work for you. :) But I will give you a hint: the most famous proteins ... | |
| Stickleback evolution | 10/3/2009 |
| Q: Can you tell me how molecular information is used to determine which of the stickleback types were ... A: Molecular information can be of various types, from protein sequence data to DNA or RNA sequence ... | |
| Origin of sexual reproduction | 10/3/2009 |
| Q: Even after reading some resources on the Net (eg Wikipedia), I still struggle to understand any ... A: You are treading in oft-traveled waters when you try to understand the origin and maintenance of ... | |
| cell division: where do nucleotides come from? | 10/1/2009 |
| Q: Dr. Krempels As you suggested I am resubmitting my question. "When a human cell divides, all the ... A: You can see a nice movie of the process of DNA replication here: ... | |
| diffusion/osmosis | 10/1/2009 |
| Q: An experiment was conducted to observe diffusion in selectively permeable membranes and I was asked ... A: Because phenolpthalein turns pink in a basic solution, it will tell you whether the NaOh has crossed ... | |
| Grad School or No? | 9/30/2009 |
| Q: I graduated a few years ago with my BS in Biological Sciences. Despite taking a few years off after ... A: While the job market isn't great these days, there are still many options for employment, especially ... | |
| human cell division | 9/30/2009 |
| Q: Dr. Kremples The question I sent about the source of molecules for human cell division was not a ... A: I am sorry I misunderstood where your question was coming from! :) I get so many questions this ... | |
| Hair and eye color inheritance | 9/27/2009 |
| Q: I've got brown eyes and chestnut coloured hair, my mum has green eyes and black hair, my dad has ... A: Human hair, eye, and skin color are very complex and difficult to predict, because each of these ... | |
| Black Coyotes | 9/20/2009 |
| Q: As I am almost 63 years old, I can assure you this is not for my homework. The question is: do ... A: While there's a possibility the coyotes in the area have hybridized with local dogs, coyotes in ... | |
| C3 and C4 photosynthesis cycle | 9/20/2009 |
| Q: what is the main difference between c4 and c3 plants? how one plant's photosynthetic cycle can be ... A: I can't do your homework for you. But I can refer you to my botany lecture notes that I hope will ... | |
| Biology Careers | 9/20/2009 |
| Q: I was considering becoming a biologist when I graduate. What kind of career options are open in ... A: The field of biology is now so vast that there are endless career opportunities, and the road you ... | |
| 4-yr old grandson: cystic fibrosis? | 9/19/2009 |
| Q: My 4-yr old grandson has had 5 bouts of pneumonia in 2yrs; Dr suggests testing (genetic) for Crohns ... A: Cystic fibrosis is due to a mutation in the CFTR ("cystic fibrosis transmembrane conductance ... | |
| Osmosis | 9/16/2009 |
| Q: Hey, I did an experiment on Osmosis/Diffusion for my course and although I understand osmosis and ... A: Now you know I don't do homework. But you should know that the water potential is lower in the ... | |
| Osmosis | 9/13/2009 |
| Q: Hey, I did an experiment on Osmosis/Diffusion for my course and although I understand osmosis and ... A: Yes, you might expect to have more dramatic results, but it's possible that the difference in ... | |
| Babies' Skin color | 9/8/2009 |
| Q: I am black and my white boyfriend is concerned that if we have children they will not resemble him. ... A: Human hair, eye, and skin color are very complex and difficult to predict, because each of these ... | |
| Worms - I think | 9/7/2009 |
| Q: I hope this question finds you well and happy. I have a leak in a bathroom. It has not been fixed ... A: What you describe sounds like mosquito larvae, though I can't positively identify them without ... | |
| general concept of cloning. | 9/7/2009 |
| Q: I had a look at you description and it looks like you will certainly be able to help with my ... A: In answer to your questions: 1. does cloning require DNA or samples from both male and female or ... | |
| eye color | 9/4/2009 |
| Q: my parents have blue and green eyes my brother has blue and my sister has grey ish green....but ... A: Even if a version of a gene is dominant, its phenotypic expression may not be the most common on in ... | |
| eye color | 9/3/2009 |
| Q: my parents have blue and green eyes my brother has blue and my sister has grey ish green....but ... A: Eye color in humans is controlled by several different genes, and unexpected eye colors can occur, ... | |
| about career in evolutionary biology | 7/22/2009 |
| Q: can you please tell me that whether it is possible to research in evolutionary biology or ... A: Yes, it is possible. You first need to identify universities/institutions that have faculty doing ... | |
| MOLD!!!!! D: | 7/22/2009 |
| Q: Help! I'm doing an experiment and i know that mold does grow faster on bread soaked in sugar ... A: I'm not going to write your homework for you. But I'll give you a hint about the answer. All living ... | |
| A career in water, air, hazardous waste treatment, disease | 7/21/2009 |
| Q: does biology help in learning how to clean water, air? i cant decide between molecular biology, and ... A: Cleaning up the environment requires contributions from many fields of science, including biology ... | |
| Ear Genetics | 7/21/2009 |
| Q: I have attached ear lobes and my husband has free earlobes, my son also has free ear lobes! My ... A: There seems to be something wrong with the AllExperts site. I answered this question a couple of ... | |
| genetics-curly haired baby, straight h. parents | 7/20/2009 |
| Q: Back in HS my science teacher told us that straight hair was recessive, so I told my husband that we ... A: It would be very unusual for two parents with very, very straight hair to have a curly-haired child, ... | |
| Life after a biology degree | 7/14/2009 |
| Q: my name is Matthew Burns and i am soon to be graduate in spring 2010 with a bachelors in the school ... A: The key to getting into graduate school is to score well on the Graduate Record Exam (GRE) and to ... | |
| Evolution tutorial web site: concept map | 7/12/2009 |
| Q: Hai, do you know any "mind map"/"spider map"/"concept map" website for biology & evolution subject ... A: I don't know of any concept map web sites, but I can direct you to an absolutely *excellent* ... | |
| How are mitochondria inherited? | 7/8/2009 |
| Q: I understand that mitochondria are independent organisms living within our cells. They are not ... A: All current evidence suggests that mitochondria evolved from early prokaryotic organisms that took ... | |
| Daughter's eye color | 7/7/2009 |
| Q: I am mixed with afghan and polish. My babies father is mixed with black, german a small percentage ... A: Human hair, eye, and skin color are very complex and difficult to predict, because each of these ... | |
| transcription: where is the promoter? | 7/1/2009 |
| Q: where the promoter is located ?? is it on the template strand or the coding strand ? by logic it is ... A: The promoter is where the RNA polymerase attaches to begin transcription of a gene. Therefore, it ... | |
| blood from body | 6/10/2009 |
| Q: In my fictional story, I wanted a body to be found where it had been completely drained of blood (by ... A: I'm not sure you have to abandon your idea of completely draining the body of blood. After all, ... | |
| Physical resemblance of a child to one parent or the other | 6/10/2009 |
| Q: I heard from a friend that there is a tribe in Africa whose people believe that the main physical ... A: Your friends hypothesis is creative, but it is not correct. A baby's traits are determined by a ... | |
| Biology/Marine Biology | 5/25/2009 |
| Q: Can i just major in biology and then go to graduate school for marine biology? i would like to go to ... A: Since I work at the University of Miami, I do know that RSMAS does require that its entering ... | |
| Codominant vs. Incompletely dominant alleles of a gene | 5/25/2009 |
| Q: Is there a such thing as a trait that is not dominant but not recessive? Would this person be ... A: There are some alleles of genes that are neither dominant nor recessive. These can be codominant or ... | |
| Blood brain barrier | 5/20/2009 |
| Q: Today in my psych class we discussed the blood brain barrier. We were told the blood is toxic to the ... A: To say that blood is "toxic" to the brain is a gross oversimplification. There are substances ... | |
| twin eye color | 5/19/2009 |
| Q: I saw the preview of a movie where a doctor commented that he knew the girl had a twin by the color ... A: I didn't see the movie preview, so don't know exactly what the doctor was talking about. But the ... | |
| generations of brown eyes and poof blue appears | 5/18/2009 |
| Q: I can trace 4 generations on paternal side and 5 on maternal side,all with brown eyes and one of our ... A: In general, blue eyes are considered to be an expression of a trait that's recessive to brown eyes. ... | |
| Baby Eye/Hair Color | 5/14/2009 |
| Q: I know that you have responded to this kind of question a hundred times, but I thought about giving ... A: If you are Hispanic, brown-haired and brown-eyed with no ancestors having light hair or eyes, then ... | |
| blood from body | 5/11/2009 |
| Q: Since you are an expert in anatomy, you are right for the question. I am writing a fictional story ... A: The only outward sign of a complete lack of blood in a human body would be that the skin or any ... | |
| genetics | 5/9/2009 |
| Q: My husband and I both have blue eyes. Mine are clear blue and my husband has a couple of "specs" of ... A: It is possible that either you or your husband is responsible for your son's eyes, in the form of a ... | |
| career advice | 5/8/2009 |
| Q: I am 25 and graduated with a 2.1 in biology and geology 3 years ago. I decided I'd had enough of ... A: If you would like to pursue study in the biolgical sciences, then it may be necessary for you to ... | |
| Name of DNA | 5/8/2009 |
| Q: what is the name of DNA in different stages of cellular cycle? Most of the time, chromosomes are ... A: When a cell is not actively dividing, the chromosomes exist in their loose, functional form, known ... | |
| height shrinkage | 5/4/2009 |
| Q: Hey, I'm 19 yrs old & around my birthday when which was a little bit over 3 months ago I had a ... A: I'm not sure what the tallest height you measured was, because above you've written 6.25" (six and a ... | |
| transcription | 5/3/2009 |
| Q: Those are the facts that I am sure of: RNA Pol II reads the template from 3' to 5' Direction. the ... A: Since I cannot see the diagrams that are confusing you, and because your question is a little bit ... | |
| genetics | 4/7/2009 |
| Q: Sir, I would like to know how a character becomes dominant and how it turns recessive. A: I am not sure exactly what you are asking, but I will do my best to answer and if my response is not ... | |
| Green eyed parents, brown eyed children. | 2/18/2009 |
| Q: Both of my parents have green eyes, yet all of their children (4) have brown eyes, not light brown ... A: Eye color, like hair color and skin color, are controlled not by one, but by several genes each. ... | |
| Please help me, it's for a career research report. | 2/18/2009 |
| Q: My teacher told us to interview someone with our chosen career and I really don't know anyone whose ... A: 1.)What education do you need to be a biologist? You need at least a Bachelor of Science degree in ... | |
| Blond Hair Gene | 2/17/2009 |
| Q: I understand basic genetics, however I have a question about how the blond hair gene might show ... A: The genetic predisposition to produce and deposit melanin is yet another polygenic trait, and to ... | |
| Blond Hair Gene | 2/13/2009 |
| Q: I understand basic genetics, however I have a question about how the blond hair gene might show ... A: Many people who are born with blonde hair see it darken as they get older. This is natural, and is ... | |
| Bacterial Strains | 2/12/2009 |
| Q: Ok so this is a homework question but I'm not sure that I've come up with the correct answer. We ... A: Strains of bacteria are the same species with different genetic traits that allow them to be ... | |
| reproduction: polar body fertilization & development | 2/3/2009 |
| Q: I understand that during meiosis in a female produces a secondary oocyte and a polar body. The only ... A: The answer to this question is still not completely known. Some preliminary studies have been done ... | |
| Shark Scientist | 2/2/2009 |
| Q: I want to study sharks but dont know of any good marine biology schools in louisiana, do you know of ... A: Nichols State University in Louisiana offers both the Bachelor's and Master's degree in Marine ... | |
| my son's hair color | 2/1/2009 |
| Q: I have red hair. My mother has red hair. My mothers father has red hair. My father has brown hair. ... A: The doctors who told you it was impossible for your child to have red hair weren't paying very good ... | |
| Genetics | 1/26/2009 |
| Q: My name is Jessica and am getting married in June. My fiance is 1/4 Chinese. I am Danish and ... A: Not all Asians have epicanthic eyefolds (the fold of skin over the eyelid that gives the eyes their ... | |
| genetics | 1/18/2009 |
| Q: I will try to ask this question without confusing the both of us. I am an expectant mother. I have ... A: Sorry for the delay. We had a wee family crisis, but all is fine now. Human hair, eye, and skin ... | |
| zoologie | 1/17/2009 |
| Q: I would like to know what animal is this? I took the picture in november in Burkina Faso. It looks ... A: This animal is a tadpole, the aquatic larva of a frog, that is very close to metamorphosing into its ... | |
| excessive salt in baby's sweat | 1/15/2009 |
| Q: I would like to know if i should take my baby to a doctor, he has a salty sweat and it is there ... A: I am neither a physician nor a pediatrician. Your question is more medical than simply biological, ... | |
| odd noise when bunny shakes head | 1/14/2009 |
| Q: This is a very strange question. At least I think it is ... first some background: I just had a ... A: If the vet did an ear flush or used swabs to clean out the ears, then the clicking/rattling you hear ... | |
| Watering plants | 1/13/2009 |
| Q: If you just used plain water with regular household plants would this create a isotonic enviroment? ... A: If you use pure water for your plants, it won't immediately create a hypotonic solution because of ... | |
| Biology: Transpiration | 1/12/2009 |
| Q: i need some more of your help on this topic which i had today. I did a lad and for my discussion i ... A: Transpiration is the process by which plants take up water via the roots, transport it through the ... | |
| genotype | 1/9/2009 |
| Q: can the genotype of an unborn child be determined?if yes,at what maturity of the pregnancy A: If you mean the genotype for a particular trait, then whether it can be determined before birth ... | |
| water potential | 1/7/2009 |
| Q: can water potential increase on the application of positive pressure and reach a value greater than ... A: Since the water potential of 100% water is set at zero, the addition of any solutes will decrease ... | |
| Haircolour | 1/4/2009 |
| Q: Why is it possible for some people with dark brown hair to have light haired children but not others ... A: Hair color, like eye and skin color, is controlled by more than one gene. And this makes its ... | |
| Vestigial structures? Wisdom teeth, etc. | 1/3/2009 |
| Q: What makes each of these; the appndix, coccyx, muscles that move ears, muscles that make hair, ... A: None of these are entirely vestigial, though they are not as well-developed in humans as they are in ... | |
| biology | 12/25/2008 |
| Q: Why do black people have less melanin in the skin of their palmar and plantar surfaces than ... A: This is an interesting question, and I don't think anyone can give a definitive answer. Is there an ... | |
| Have Human beings ALWAYS had 46 chromosomes? | 12/25/2008 |
| Q: Have Human beings ALWAYS had 46 chromosomes? Even back in the 'cave-man' days (and before then)? ... A: All members of the species Homo sapiens normally have 46 chromosomes. Because we do not have ... | |
| marine biology. | 12/17/2008 |
| Q: I am a senior in high school in LA and I am very interested in going into the Marine Biology field. ... A: You can email Dr. Gruber directly from his web site. I'm sure he'd be happy to hear from a fellow ... | |
| marine biology. | 12/17/2008 |
| Q: I am a senior in high school in LA and I am very interested in going into the Marine Biology field. ... A: Marine Biology is an excellent major for anyone who would like to work with sharks. The University ... | |
| microorganism | 12/16/2008 |
| Q: i just wanted to ask when making organic fertilizer with manure what microorganism is needed to do ... A: To supply microorganisms (bacteria and fungi) to organic compost/fertilizer, simply rake up fallen ... | |
| Delay puberty | 12/16/2008 |
| Q: I'm already 15 bt my voice hasn't deepen.. What could i do? A: Everyone matures at a different rate, and sometimes a man's voice doesn't change at the usual time. ... | |
| genetics | 12/14/2008 |
| Q: My girlfriend and i were wondering what color our childs hair and eyes would most likely be. I have ... A: Human hair, eye, and skin color are very complex and difficult to predict, because each of these ... | |
| a question about planting trees | 12/13/2008 |
| Q: I have a question but cant find an answer anywhere, hope you can help me with this. I am doing an ... A: Your best bet will probably be large palm trees, which have relatively contained fibrous root ... | |
| math and biology | 12/12/2008 |
| Q: ok so i am 15 and in 9th grade.....i suck in alg. and any kind of math.....i've always wanted to ... A: Even if you're not great at math, you can still get a college degree in biology that will serve you ... | |
| Aluminum foil + wrapping sandwiches | 12/11/2008 |
| Q: I was just wondering if its safe to wrap a PBJ in reynolds aluminum wrap. I thought it was odd and ... A: The jury is still out on whether ingested aluminum has anything to do with Alzheimer's and other ... | |
| Oxygen consumption | 12/10/2008 |
| Q: How is it possible to measure oxygen consumption in geminating Seeds? is there a specific piece of ... A: There are many different ways to measure this, but the simplest is with a respirometer. ... | |
| immunity, vitamin C and filaria | 12/8/2008 |
| Q: there are people who eat enough fruits which provides vitamin c (7fruits) but still show serious ... A: Filariasis is the term used to describe an infestation by parasitic nematodes (roundworms, or ... | |
| Comb types in Gamefowl breeding | 12/7/2008 |
| Q: I know you can get single Bankiva Type combs when breeding peacombed oriental type fowl if there is ... A: The wild type, single comb in jungle fowl (aka, chickens) is encoded by a recessive allele, and so ... | |
| Biology/Genetics | 12/7/2008 |
| Q: I am studying for my final and am confused about how to perform two and three point crosses. I do ... A: This is far too complicated for a single email, and really is in the realm of "please come sit in on ... | |
| fat | 12/7/2008 |
| Q: does someone who is physically fat really have too much fat in his body.why do some people who do ... A: Muscle mass actually weighs more than fat mass, so a body builder might be very heavy but have very ... | |
| Dinosaurs | 12/7/2008 |
| Q: What scientific evidence is there that raptor dinosaurs had hollow bones, other than the assumption ... A: J. Fossilization is a slow process, and it involves the replacement of tissue with minerals over a ... | |
| Marine Biology | 12/4/2008 |
| Q: My name is Jordan and I'm a senior in high school. I am in love with animals, especially marine life ... A: The field of Marine Science and Marine Biology is diverse and full of fascinating opportunities for ... | |
| eye color | 12/3/2008 |
| Q: I have hazel eyes and my husband has blue eyes. Is it possible for us to have a brown eyed child? A: In general, the genes that code for a light-colored iris (e.g., blue or hazel) are recessive to ... | |
| agar for horticulture | 11/16/2008 |
| Q: relative inexpensive (even homemade) agar for horticulture classes in propagation A: Here's a basic recipe for an agar medium that can be used to grow meristems and otherwise propagate ... | |
| cell regeneration and immortality | 11/1/2008 |
| Q: The theory of evolution is still argued about today. But if humans were to be able to regenerate ... A: The causes of aging are an active area of scientific research, and there is no answer yet about what ... | |
| Genetics | 10/31/2008 |
| Q: I have been stumped on this genetic thing for a while. I've been pretty sure of who the father is to ... A: If both you and the putative father have any European genes that include genes coding for lighter ... | |
| Banana sections | 10/30/2008 |
| Q: A banana has how many sections? (If you push your finger into one end of a banana and push you will ... A: The fruit of a banana is an accessory fruit (meaning that part of the flower tube contributes to the ... | |
| Genetics of hair and eye color | 10/30/2008 |
| Q: I was wondering if you could answer me a question please? Basically Im a redheaded woman with green ... A: Human hair, eye, and skin color are very complex and difficult to predict, because each of these ... | |
| Hardy‐Weinberg equilibrium | 10/30/2008 |
| Q: I cannot get this question for the life of me!! In a population of crickets that is in ... A: This is a pretty straightforward HW calculation. I can't do your homework for you, but I can give ... | |
| lettuce seed germination | 10/28/2008 |
| Q: how does tomato juice affect lettuce seed germination...i know that it inhibits germination but what ... A: Tomato juice is somewhat acidic, and this could affect germination rate. However, tomatoes also ... | |
| Genetics - Mapping Several Genes on a Single Chromosome | 10/28/2008 |
| Q: So.. Im doing a virtual fly lab, and I've found all mapping distances of several genes relative to ... A: From your description, I'm not sure you're considering the difference between actual and measured ... | |
| feeding | 10/25/2008 |
| Q: I learned recently that there are natural chemicals in foods that effect whether organisms want to ... A: Wow, that's a great question! Many people have different "taste" when it comes to foods, and it ... | |
| sun exposer | 10/24/2008 |
| Q: what would happen if someone was never exposed to the sun? A: If you mean a human, then that person would have serious problems with skeletal health, as the body ... | |
| Color Blindness | 10/24/2008 |
| Q: My sister-in-law is pregnant and going to have a boy. Her father is completely colorblind. I don't ... A: Your sister-in-law's father suffers from a very rare condition known as monochromacy, or complete ... | |
| question about baby's skin color | 10/22/2008 |
| Q: me and my boyfriend are white but my boyfriends father is black. what colour baby will we have A: Inheritance of skin color in humans is controlled by approximately ten different genes. The more ... | |
| biology | 10/20/2008 |
| Q: what does it mean by "relate cells to each level of organization in a multicellular organism" A: The various levels of organization in a living thing above the cellular level are (1) tissue (simple ... | |
| human health | 10/18/2008 |
| Q: . i need to write about a few enviromental factors which affect human health.. so far iv done air ... A: How about... Loss of biodiversity (loss of wild species affects us in many ways!) Loss of ... | |
| Synaptc cleft? | 10/17/2008 |
| Q: (Note: okay, I realize that this is a weird question, but it has been bothering me for a while...) ... A: You're correct! It's fluid, and when there's not an impulse being transmitted, it's isotonic with ... | |
| protein supplements | 10/15/2008 |
| Q: I am 37 year old male trying to get in shape and put on some muscle. I am not planning on being pro ... A: While it's important to have sufficient dietary intake of protein if you're trying to build muscle ... | |
| Baby hair color | 10/14/2008 |
| Q: My husband and I both have red hair and brown eyes. His hair is darker than mine, but he has bright ... A: Human hair, eye, and skin color are very complex and difficult to predict, because each of these ... | |
| Siamese Fighting Fish | 10/13/2008 |
| Q: I have a question about the taxonomy and genetics of the Betta genus of fish, aka 'Siamese Fighting ... A: Sorry for overlooking the subspecies question. A "subspecies" is a bit like a "race" of a ... | |
| lytic vs. lysogenic reproduction in viruses | 10/12/2008 |
| Q: what is lytic cycle and lysogenic cycle A: I can't do your homework for you, but I can direct you to a few web sites that will help you answer ... | |
| biology | 10/12/2008 |
| Q: I can't understand how Thomas Malthus and Charles Lyell influenced Charles Darwin and contributed to ... A: Thomas Malthus wrote a famous essay in which he linked war, disease and lack of food/resources to ... | |
| ENVIROMENTAL FACTORS | 10/11/2008 |
| Q: . I NEEDD YOR HELP TO EXPLAIN HOW ENVIROMENTAL FACTORS CAN AFFECT HUMAN HEALTH.. WHAT AM I SUPPOSE ... A: I can't do your homework for you, but I can give you some hints. First, consider some of the ... | |
| Siamese Fighting Fish | 10/11/2008 |
| Q: I have a question about the taxonomy and genetics of the Betta genus of fish, aka 'Siamese Fighting ... A: I'll take each question in turn: "With the way evolution and natural selection etc. works, if left ... | |
| Guinea Pig Genetics | 10/11/2008 |
| Q: Is there any way I can get a list of the traits of guinea pigs, with the recessive and dominant ... A: I'm not an expert on guinea pigs (though I'm okay with the genetics part ;) ), but here are a few ... | |
| Cell regeneration | 10/10/2008 |
| Q: I remember reading several years ago about a research being done on cell life and regeneration. I ... A: What the article was probably referring to was the telomeres: the "caps" on either end of the ... | |
| Siamese Fighting Fish | 10/7/2008 |
| Q: I have a question about the taxonomy and genetics of the Betta genus of fish, aka 'Siamese Fighting ... A: There are several different definitions of "species." The one you cite is the biological species ... | |
| Nondisjunction | 10/6/2008 |
| Q: Really i don't need to understand the term so much as what happens to the male XY chromosomes during ... A: The diagram you've drawn isn't quite correct. Remember that before meiosis (or mitosis), each ... | |
| Botany | 10/6/2008 |
| Q: or atleast im working on it--this is my first year in college. anyway im about to have my biology ... A: I can't do homework problems for you, but I can give you some big hints. Organic nutrients are ... | |
| biology | 10/4/2008 |
| Q: I can't understand the various sources of genetic variation and how they arise, also how does ... A: Physical traits are largely encoded by strands of a macromolecule called DNA. It is a long "string ... | |
| translation of DNA | 10/3/2008 |
| Q: I have a question on peptide sequence and translation . How many possible peptide sequences can be ... A: To know how many amino acids could be encoded in the segment you show in your post, you must know ... | |
| Genetics/DNA/Lookalikes | 10/2/2008 |
| Q: I wanted to ask you if it's possible for two people of two different ethnic groups to look the same ... A: Yes, it's possible for people with different genetic makeup to bear a superficial resemblance to one ... | |
| Cells | 10/1/2008 |
| Q: When a cell is deprived of oxygen for a extended amount of time is there ever a time when the cell ... A: It depends on the type of cell. There are some anaerobic bacteria that will die if exposed to ... | |
| Genes | 10/1/2008 |
| Q: I understand that people want to know their family history but why is it so important to study ... A: Most people would agree that it would be morally wrong to abort a child simply because there is a ... | |
| Light and human eye | 9/30/2008 |
| Q: I would like to know 1) What are the spectrum's of light that the human eye cannot see? 2) What are ... A: The human eye is sensitive to wavelengths between about 380nm (violet) and 750nm (red). Anything ... | |
| Human Existence and Population Growth | 9/29/2008 |
| Q: why does the population grow slowly for most of human existence....??? A: Humans, like any other animals, have a great deal of mortality from pathogens, lack of food, ... | |
| Kick Start | 9/28/2008 |
| Q: I am one of those poor souls who will remark "I used to want to be a biologist, or marine biologist ... A: At the age of 28 you're certainly not old, and it's never too late to get a degree that will help ... | |
| Genetics, Widows Peak | 9/25/2008 |
| Q: Is it possible for two parents with definite continuous hairline to have a child with a widow's ... A: The allele coding for "Widow's Peak" is considered dominant to the one coding for a straight ... | |
| adv. biology and ecology | 9/24/2008 |
| Q: ok so in my advanced biology class we had to make our own lab with yeast and i choose to test ... A: Since this is a school project, I cannot answer it for you. But I can give you some hints. ... | |
| Biology-nematodes | 9/23/2008 |
| Q: I am seven years old. I would like to know if worms can live inside worms. A: Nematodes (commonly called "roundworms") are the most numerous organisms on earth. It's been said ... | |
| Autosomal disorders | 9/21/2008 |
| Q: my questions are about some autosomal disorders. First of all, I can't understand why do autosomal ... A: 1) How will a recessive disorder come up? Dominant ones show up because the affected person is ... | |
| Autosomal disorders | 9/20/2008 |
| Q: my questions are about some autosomal disorders. First of all, I can't understand why do autosomal ... A: I think the main reason you're confused about this phenomenon is that you are not clear on the ... | |
| baby's hair and eye color | 9/13/2008 |
| Q: i have strawberry blond hair and brown eyes. my boyfriend has brown hair and blue eyes. what color ... A: Human hair, eye, and skin color are very complex and difficult to predict, because each of these ... | |
| Evolution and cancer | 9/13/2008 |
| Q: Krempels, I know mammals can have cancer, but I don't know if simpler animals, unicellular ... A: C., Mammals are not the only animals that get cancer. In fact, any vertebrate (except sharks--they ... | |
| Galls | 9/11/2008 |
| Q: I hope you can help me, I noticed you have answerd questions on galls before and I have found your ... A: The stains on your walks are not being caused by anything the galls themselves, secrete, but rather ... | |
| Evolution | 9/9/2008 |
| Q: How did animal and/or plant life develop in lakes that have no access to rivers or oceans - such as ... A: There are some closed bodies of water that don't have much in the way of large flora and fauna. But ... | |
| human body temp | 9/8/2008 |
| Q: i am 55 years old and i live in ohio. i have wondered for many years, why do i feel cold in the ... A: That's an interesting question. One possibility, of course, is that your house is actually cooler ... | |
| how to increase health | 8/31/2008 |
| Q: i want to ask you that im 21 years old and i have a bad habbit of masturbation i tried to quit but ... A: Okay, I'm going to just assume this is a serious question and give it a serious answer. 1. ... | |
| Intermitten soft stool | 8/30/2008 |
| Q: Rescued rabbit Ling Ling, Female dwarf 2.5lbs dislocated vertebrae at the end of the rib cage. Rear ... A: Wow, Ling Ling is lucky to have such a caring, devoted "dad." You've probably already seen this, ... | |
| a title for our investigatory project involving bacteria | 8/28/2008 |
| Q: I'm kris and im a 2nd year highschool and i just want to ask your help. I cannot come up with a ... A: Sorry for the delay in answering. This question was in the Question Pool, where another expert had ... | |
| Acorns | 8/26/2008 |
| Q: Please see Photo. Could you please tell me what type of Oak Tree Disease would cause this type of ... A: Looks like Acorn Knopper Gall. This is caused by the gall wasp Andricus quercuscalicis. You can ... | |
| Red hair questions | 8/25/2008 |
| Q: I'm curious about something. First of all, I am a fan of red hair. I just think it is so pretty. ... A: Human hair, eye, and skin color are very complex and difficult to predict, because each of these ... | |
| orgasms and athletic ability | 8/25/2008 |
| Q: I don't mean to be rude but can you please tell me if it is true that when men ejaculate and release ... A: That's not a rude question. It's perfectly valid, and many people have wondered about this. It's ... | |
| Does every human has different rod and cones? | 8/21/2008 |
| Q: Sorry I don't mean to ask the same question again, but I have been told our cones and rod vary, ... A: It would not be unreasonable to suspect that we perceive color the same way (and other stimuli, for ... | |
| sleep | 8/20/2008 |
| Q: Krempels, Infants and senior citizens aside, what stops people from falling out of bed more ... A: The short answer is that during sleep, the neurotransmitter activity of the body changes so that ... | |
| Eating Habits and genetics | 8/19/2008 |
| Q: I have a one month old daughter who, according to her doctor, should be eating 2-3 oz milk every 3-4 ... A: Unfortunately, no one really yet knows how much of eating behavior is nature (genetic) and how much ... | |
| Does every human has different rod and cones? | 8/18/2008 |
| Q: Sorry I don't mean to ask the same question again, but I have been told our cones and rod vary, ... A: I will code questions I have answered before as "see previous answers." However, you do have a few ... | |
| Pregnant Dog | 8/17/2008 |
| Q: My pregnant chihuahua just started producing milk. How much longer until the puppies are born A: Dog gestation normally lasts 63 days, so if you know when she was bred, you should count from there. ... | |
| Will I have a blue-eyed/green-eyed children? | 8/17/2008 |
| Q: I am a pure Filipino guy. I have dark brown eyes. I'm 22 years old and plans of marrying a white ... A: If you have no history of blue or green eyes (or any pale color) in your family, then it is very ... | |
| blood type | 8/16/2008 |
| Q: My friend (female) has AB blood type and her ex (male) has O+ blood type. Could it be possible that ... A: The ABo blood groups are so named for a specific protein (an immunoglobin protein) embedded in the ... | |
| amnio result to test DNA for parentage when the baby is not availableh | 8/14/2008 |
| Q: I would like to find out if this is possible. The baby is out of the country now. However, the ... A: Whether the data from the amniocentesis can be used to establish parentage or not depends on what ... | |
| cells | 8/3/2008 |
| Q: I was told the other day that in three months my body will have replaced every cell in my body,n ... A: Not all cells replace themselves. The cells of the nervous system, for example, are notorious for ... | |
| Does every human has different rod and cones? | 8/1/2008 |
| Q: Sorry I don't mean to ask the same question again, but I have been told our cones and rod vary, ... A: You really are asking just about the same question again and again, and I really can't do anything ... | |
| EYE COLOR | 7/30/2008 |
| Q: I HAVE DARK BROWN EYES AND MY HUSBAND HAS LIGHT BROWN EYES SO WHAT COLOR ARE OUR BABYS' EYES GOING ... A: Human hair, eye, and skin color are very complex and difficult to predict, because each of these ... | |
| Do human have the same biochemical system in our body? | 7/29/2008 |
| Q: -Do human have the same biochemical system in our body, that we produce the same signal,flavour and ... A: The answers to the questions you ask here are exactly the same as the ones you asked about vision ... | |
| experiments | 7/29/2008 |
| Q: Science is my favorite subject in school especially biology and chemistry. I was wondering if you ... A: Wherever there is scientific research in any area, you are likely to find experiments that didn't ... | |
| leeches? found on a bunny | 7/28/2008 |
| Q: I found what I think is a leech on the neck of a rabbit it is about 1 to 1.5 inches long and as big ... A: Unless you live near a very wet area, it is really unlikely that this is a leech. Leeches also do ... | |
| worms | 7/27/2008 |
| Q: I found a thin maggot-like worm embedded in a chicken breast at a local eatery...what kind of ... A: Without seeing it in person, I can't make a positive identification. It's *possible* it was a ... | |
| white cat that is sterile | 7/27/2008 |
| Q: i was wondering how often a cat is born sterile?i have tried to find info on the internet but havent ... A: It's not common that a cat is born sterile (the thousands of unwanted kittens born every year are ... | |
| Strep throat | 7/24/2008 |
| Q: How long can the strep bacteria live on an enviromental surface in a home such as a countertop, ... A: Some species of Streptococcus can survive indefinitely in the environment. If you suspect there are ... | |
| Vestigial: Responding to Yet Another Creationist with an Agenda. | 7/23/2008 |
| Q: Is it true that the human tailbone is vestigial? Are there any other parts that are vestigial? ... A: If you are truly interested in learning about the evidence for evolution, then please go here for an ... | |
| bacteria | 7/23/2008 |
| Q: what bacteria are found in a dogs mouth? thanks. A: Here's the abstract from a paper on this very subject: Cultivable Oral Microbiota of Domestic Dogs ... | |
| Vestigial | 7/23/2008 |
| Q: Is it true that the human tailbone is vestigial? Are there any other parts that are vestigial? ... A: Evolution is not a religion. It is an observable phenomenon that we can witness happening today. ... | |
| Vestigial | 7/21/2008 |
| Q: Is it true that the human tailbone is vestigial? Are there any other parts that are vestigial? A: A structure that is "vestigial" is simply one that had a use in an ancestral species, but is no ... | |
| weight of hard boiled eggs | 7/21/2008 |
| Q: I am the coordinator of a food pantry and have a chance to get 25 lb bucket of hard boiled eggs. ... A: Chicken eggs can weigh between 15 (wee) and 30 ounces (jumbo), so the number of eggs you will get in ... | |
| aging linked with dna rupture due to free radicals? | 7/20/2008 |
| Q: I would like to know the impact of free radicals on the body(DNA) and the link it has to aging. Also ... A: Many people would like to know how free radicals affect aging and the connection between DNA damage ... | |
| difference between organic fertilizer and chemical fertiizer | 7/18/2008 |
| Q: .i want to know what are the difference between the chemical fertilizer and organic fertilizer. ... A: NPK fertilizer is considered inorganic, chemical fertilizer. Organic fertilizer consists of large, ... | |
| eye colour | 7/16/2008 |
| Q: what causes eye colour to change over time? recently my eyes have dramatically changed from bright ... A: You don't say how old you are, nor whether you have been on any type of medication, either of which ... | |
| Twins | 7/15/2008 |
| Q: Does the decision of twins come from the Female side or the Male side or does it not matter? is ... A: Identical twins are produced when a single fertilized ovum (zygote) or embryo divides completely, ... | |
| Questions from New Zealand | 7/14/2008 |
| Q: Are you able to answer the following questions for me please? I am from New Zealand and doing a very ... A: I do not personally know anyone who is studying human botflies in Mexico, but there are several ... | |
| golden algae | 7/14/2008 |
| Q: We have a dirt tank or pond on our farm in West Texas. Recently, a moss has started growing and is ... A: About the only remedy that won't harm your fish is a product called "pond shade." This is a dye ... | |
| pale patch on the scalp: a birthmark? | 7/14/2008 |
| Q: My son who is now 4 years old has always had a patch of hair on the back of his head that is very ... A: In many cases, it's a nondisjunction mutation, where two chromosomes migrate to a single cell, ... | |
| my babies hair color? | 7/13/2008 |
| Q: I had dark hair as a baby and it eventually turned to blonde. My mom has blonde hair. And my dad had ... A: Human hair, eye, and skin color are very complex and difficult to predict, because each of these ... | |
| pale patch on the scalp: a birthmark? | 7/12/2008 |
| Q: My son who is now 4 years old has always had a patch of hair on the back of his head that is very ... A: The definition of a "birth mark" is just a mark (usually considered a blemish) on the skin that ... | |
| penguins | 7/11/2008 |
| Q: I heard that there are ozone holes over Antarctica. How do the penguins survive the intense UV ... A: Apparently, the holes in the ozone in Antarctica are starting to repair, and the UV danger might be ... | |
| germs | 7/10/2008 |
| Q: Dana i am mouna do all germs cause disease? what is the difference between G+ DND G-? what does ... A: Not all "germs" (if by "germs" you mean microorganisms) cause disease. In fact, relatively few are ... | |
| Tapeworms | 7/9/2008 |
| Q: Do you know of a tapeworm species that dose not contain eggs? ANSWER: Dear Brandy, All species of ... A: All mature tapeworms contain eggs in their mature segments. The earliest segments do not contain ... | |
| Tapeworms | 7/9/2008 |
| Q: Do you know of a tapeworm species that dose not contain eggs? A: All species of tapeworm, when healthy and mature, contain eggs. There are no species and no ... | |
| Does every human taste receptor work differently? Do we enjoy | 7/6/2008 |
| Q: I understand no human taste receptor work exactly the same,does all the normal human taste receptor ... A: My answers are going to start sounding very similar, because the questions you are asking are also ... | |
| Does every human taste receptor work differently? Do we enjoy | 7/4/2008 |
| Q: I understand no human taste receptor work exactly the same,does all the normal human taste receptor ... A: I'll take them one at a time: - Basically all human taste show rejection to taste bitter...why is ... | |
| Does every human taste receptor work differently? Do we enjoy | 7/2/2008 |
| Q: I understand no human taste receptor work exactly the same,does all the normal human taste receptor ... A: Unfortunately, your question isn't answerable any more easily than the question "do we all perceive ... | |
| Height vs Arm Length | 6/1/2008 |
| Q: My question is, what is the reason for the arm length being roughly the same as a persons height, ... A: The simplest answer is that the proportions of the human body are adaptive. Any trait exhibited by ... | |
| bioscience | 4/28/2008 |
| Q: why the man is becoming older and older year after year?that also related to every living body.what ... A: There is really no reason to think that a man should become stronger and stronger as he gets older, ... | |
| Hair color of baby question | 4/24/2008 |
| Q: My boyfriend has red hair and I have brown hair. Will my child be born with red hair? A: If you have any recessive genes for red hair (this would probably show up as your having reddish ... | |
| trophic level | 4/24/2008 |
| Q: Can you explain the answer,thank you.. The following are examples of the first trophic level except ... A: I don't answer homework questions, but I will explain that the first trophic level is the transfer ... | |
| Cancer & Metabolism | 4/23/2008 |
| Q: My grandfather passed away from cancer. We had learned about metabolic rates in our biochemistry ... A: I am sorry about the loss of your grandfather. The Holy Grail in the field of cancer medicine is to ... | |
| Neonatal Adrenal Complex (bovine) | 4/23/2008 |
| Q: My husband recently saw a chiropractor who started him on a vitamin. I was checking out the ... A: It sounds as if the "nutrient" you describe is derived from the adrenal glands of slaughtered ... | |
| Please help | 4/22/2008 |
| Q: Does dihydrotestosterone masculinize the brain during development? A: I don't answer homework questions, but I can point you to a site where you can get some of the ... | |
| careers in evolutionary biology | 4/19/2008 |
| Q: I'm due to graduate with a bachelors in biology in a month or so and I've found myself really ... A: The main thing in the life of any biologist is: research, research, research! If you're interested ... | |
| anthropologial origin of europeans | 4/18/2008 |
| Q: it is said that majority of europeans are indo-europeans based on languages they speak. question ... A: The analogy between the evolution of languages and that of physical traits is a fascinating one. ... | |
| genetics/predominant mutations | 4/17/2008 |
| Q: I have a baby that was born with Leber's congenital amaurosis. It was our understanding that this ... A: This one has me stumped, too. But I've just passed it along to three of the other folks who teach ... | |
| biology | 4/15/2008 |
| Q: details on phylogenetic relationship existing among the classes of protozoans A: The very best, up to date phylogenies for all organisms can be found at the Tree of Life Web ... | |
| Our first Child | 4/15/2008 |
| Q: My boyfriend and i are expecting our first child in Late December. I was wondering what the possible ... A: Human hair, eye, and skin color are very complex and difficult to predict, because each of these ... | |
| Web sites on Biology | 4/15/2008 |
| Q: Are there any good sites that will help me understand and learn more about biology? A: Biology is such a huge subject that there's no single web site that will help you learn it. My best ... | |
| Where to Find Bacteria | 4/13/2008 |
| Q: I am doing a science project on how certain bacteria affect the growth and appearance of plants but ... A: For liability and safety reasons, no reputable companies will send bacteria to private citizens. To ... | |
| Biology Major | 4/12/2008 |
| Q: I understand that you have a PH.D in biology so I ask what is you advise for those who vision ... A: A biology major is a versatile major that will prepare you for a variety of different careers, from ... | |
| unborn child | 4/11/2008 |
| Q: I have hazel eyes and brown curly hair. My mother has brown curly hair and brown eyes. My father has ... A: Human hair, eye, and skin color are very complex and difficult to predict, because each of these ... | |
| Re: Hair colour | 4/11/2008 |
| Q: what colour hair will my baby have? I was born with blonde/brown hair (and it has got darker as I ... A: Human hair, eye, and skin color are very complex and difficult to predict, because each of these ... | |
| Where to Find Bacteria | 4/11/2008 |
| Q: I am doing a science project on how certain bacteria affect the growth and appearance of plants but ... A: You may need special permits to buy certain types of bacteria. But you'll have better luck ordering ... | |
| olive | 4/11/2008 |
| Q: It is possible to product olive oil from black olives? All the olive oil I have ever seen is green A: From our old pal, Wikipedia: "The most traditional way of making olive oil is by grinding olives. ... | |
| my baby's hair colour | 4/10/2008 |
| Q: I am 7 months pregnant and am (as all expectant mothers are) very excited about how my baby will ... A: Human hair, eye, and skin color are very complex and difficult to predict, because each of these ... | |
| math and biology | 4/10/2008 |
| Q: thanks A: The field that interests you is known as Mathematical Biology. There are societies devoted only to ... | |
| prebirth Questions | 4/9/2008 |
| Q: I have two questions. 1) There is an “acid wash” as I have heard it referred to that happens to ... A: The scrotal scar is due to the fusion in the male of the tissues that would have become the labia ... | |
| Manatees and Marine Biologists | 4/8/2008 |
| Q: I am doing a research paper on manatees and marine biologists. I can't find to much information on ... A: I am not a manatee expert, but I think you can find some very good information here: ... | |
| prebirth Questions | 4/7/2008 |
| Q: I have two questions. 1) There is an “acid wash” as I have heard it referred to that happens to ... A: 1. I have never heard of this "acid wash" in male fetuses prior to birth. If you can find a more ... | |
| diet | 4/6/2008 |
| Q: I want to keep my metabolism at peak calorie burning level but reduce my calorie intake. I lift ... A: As you probably know, aerobic exercise is the best way to burn calories. If you want to eat fewer ... | |
| Best age? | 4/6/2008 |
| Q: Biologically, what is the best age to have children for a human? Is it the same across all races? ... A: Biologically speaking, there's not a single "best" age. But it's generally safest for mother and ... | |
| Cloning | 4/1/2008 |
| Q: What is cloning? A: Cloning is the process of producing genetically identical individual organisms from an orignal ... | |
| Hardy Weinberg questions | 3/19/2008 |
| Q: I'm not sure if you can help me; my maths is awful and I haven't studied for about 20 years; I am ... A: I'm not sure I can help, but I'll try to describe this as simply as possible, and then you can ask ... | |
| water in the human body | 2/27/2008 |
| Q: Blessings to you Dana, not sure if this is a question to you, this is all new to me and not sure ... A: When sources cite the human body as containing a certain percentage of water, they mean molecules of ... | |
| Toxins | 2/27/2008 |
| Q: A friend told me that there are fluids that the mere presents of them can cause vomiting in humans ... A: Plenty of smells can elicit vomiting in humans, but the specific stimulus that elicits the response ... | |
| Evolution of leaves in plants | 2/24/2008 |
| Q: I'm wondering, in which group of plants (Bryophytes, Seedless vascular plants, gymnosperms, or ... A: Plant organs (root, stem and leaf) are defined by the presence of true vascular tissue. Because ... | |
| how long do cells last? | 2/21/2008 |
| Q: i was wondering what cell lasts the longest in the human body and how long it last? i cant seem to ... A: Any cell that's present at the death of a very old human can be said to be a cell that has lasted ... | |
| biology | 2/21/2008 |
| Q: what animals survived in the tropical rain forest A: I think this is a homework question, and I don't do those. But the answer would be so long that it ... | |
| biology | 2/21/2008 |
| Q: what happens to the level of oxygen, carbon dioxide and glucose if plant is covered for 8 hours A: I won't do homework questions, but I can give you a hint: When a plant is covered with something ... | |
| what is cancer? | 2/20/2008 |
| Q: what is the cause the canser? A: A cancer cell is formed when a combination of mutations of normal genes occurs to disrupt two very ... | |
| biology | 2/18/2008 |
| Q: Why can birds and fish do better than mammals in where oxygen is not as abundant? A: Fish may require less oxygen for their metabolic functions because they are poikilothermic (i.e., ... | |
| baby hair color | 2/17/2008 |
| Q: Myself and my wife are thinking about having a baby and i just had a few questions about genes. My ... A: I wish I could help you predict what your baby's coloring will be. But in the case of hair color ... | |
| Fermentation Rates Using Yeast | 2/17/2008 |
| Q: Krempels Thank you very much for reading this message. I am planning an experiment into the rates ... A: You can review the chemical steps of fermentation here: ... | |
| research information | 2/17/2008 |
| Q: I am doing a project on whose mouth is cleaner a dogs or a humans but I am having trouble finding ... A: Ah, okay! Well, the problem with doing any type of bacterial study is that it *is* advanced, and ... | |
| biracial | 2/16/2008 |
| Q: i wanted to ask if my boyfriend have blue eyes and his generation all has blue eyes with blonde ... A: To know the probability that you carry any genes for light-colored hair, I would have to know which ... | |
| research information | 2/16/2008 |
| Q: I am doing a project on whose mouth is cleaner a dogs or a humans but I am having trouble finding ... A: There may not be a lot of primary research on this particular topic, but you can get a start by ... | |
| what hair colour will my baby have | 2/13/2008 |
| Q: I have very blonde hair ( I'm 30 it's never darkened) my husband has light brown hair both our ... A: Hair color is controlled by several different genes. But if you have very pale hair and your ... | |
| digestion | 2/12/2008 |
| Q: why does food spends so long in the stomach A: The stomach is the place where the most "violent" digestion takes place, where proteins, lipids, ... | |
| botany: difference between cypress and pine | 2/11/2008 |
| Q: what are the differences between cypress and pines A: Both the cypress and pine are conifers, meaning they produce seeds in cones, but do not produce ... | |
| genetics | 2/10/2008 |
| Q: ) i'm pregnant, and had a question about the genes i can expect my baby to inherit from the fathers ... A: Your child will directly inherit the genes his/her father gives him/her, not the ones carried by his ... | |
| Choosing a career | 2/10/2008 |
| Q: I'm 18, i'm gonna move to the USA, the state of Maryland, germantown in a month. I'm persian. I know ... A: A degree in biology will open many doors for you, but the higher your degree, the higher your ... | |
| biracial | 2/9/2008 |
| Q: i wanted to ask if my boyfriend have blue eyes and his generation all has blue eyes with blonde ... A: If you have no family history of light-colored eyes or light-colored hair, then it is most likely ... | |
| Rh- Blood Type and Evolution | 2/5/2008 |
| Q: A friend and I are currently disputing evolution and his main point is that Rh- blood only occurs in ... A: The Rh factor that gives human blood types one of its main immunological characteristics is a ... | |
| Nervous System | 2/3/2008 |
| Q: Can you please explain what a motor point is? A: From our good ol' pal, the Online Biology Dictionary, a motor point is "A point on the skin where ... | |
| minerals | 2/2/2008 |
| Q: Minerals are deposited a- within bone marrow. b- within bone cells. c- between bone cells. d- all of ... A: I'll give you a hint: bone marrow is a soft tissue in the middle of the bones where new blood cells ... | |
| marine biologist | 1/8/2008 |
| Q: because that is where i live and i don't know how far i want to go out of state so if you can help ... A: You'll certainly have a financial advantage by staying in your home state, and there are good places ... | |
| alteration of generations | 1/8/2008 |
| Q: Do you know if there is an advantage between going through heteromorphic or isomorphic alternation ... A: Mutations may or may not be harmful, so though you could make that argument, it might not hold up to ... | |
| Biology | 1/7/2008 |
| Q: what are three ways bacteria can exchange genetic material i no two binary fission-asexual ... A: This sound like a homework question, but the three ways bacteria can share DNA are (1) conjugation, ... | |
| Rna i + study tips on huge DNA test coming up | 1/7/2008 |
| Q: well recently, my ap bio teacher enlightened us with a film on rna I . I found this to be profoundly ... A: I'm glad you're enjoying your genetics lessons. :) I'll take your questions one at a time: > I ... | |
| Help please | 1/6/2008 |
| Q: Adrian decided to conduct an experiment on the affects of gibberellins on plant growth for a science ... A: I can't answer your homework question, but I can give you a hint. Dwarf pea plants have an inborn ... | |
| Agarose gel electrophoresis | 1/5/2008 |
| Q: I am doing some research on recombinant DNA and I'd like to know why when i use EcoR1 restriction ... A: This is the answer I got from my electrophoresis expert pal, Dr. Yunqiu Wang of the University of ... | |
| Genetics | 1/4/2008 |
| Q: Is the gene taken from a person who is intelligent(gene responsible for intelligence) can be used to ... A: No. At this time the genetic link between DNA and intelligence is poorly understood, and there is ... | |
| average male v. three average females in a fight | 1/3/2008 |
| Q: A (male, possibly deluded) friend of mine is utterly convinced that he could beat three averagely ... A: Sorry, but I can't really end this argument without knowing a LOT more about the physical ... | |
| What's the purpose of the banana fruit? | 1/2/2008 |
| Q: What purpose does the banana fruit serve for the tree if it's not the holder of the seed? I guess ... A: Wild type bananas actually *do* have seeds. It's only the cultivars we eat that completely lack ... | |
| light / blonde hair color at birth | 12/27/2007 |
| Q: My husband and I just gave birth to our first child 2 weeks ago, a beautiful baby boy. He came out ... A: It's not at all uncommon for babies to be born with light-colored fuzz hair that gradually darkens ... | |
| cedar/goats/sheep | 12/27/2007 |
| Q: If you can answer this, can sheep or goats have cedar as their bedding? A: Cedar shavings are not very safe bedding for any type of animal, although it's much worse for small ... | |
| Identifying an unusual fungus. | 12/20/2007 |
| Q: I was wondering if you could identify this fungus, or point me in the right direction. The fungus ... A: I had to pass this question along to our faculty's mycologist, who is capable of identifying just ... | |
| genetic incompatibility | 12/19/2007 |
| Q: I`m Dewi, 36 years old. My husband and I got married several months ago and plan to have a baby next ... A: Actually, the more distantly related the parents, the *healthier* the baby is likely to be. As long ... | |
| Husbands Child From Another Women | 12/17/2007 |
| Q: My Husband and I got married 2 years ago and had a daughter who is now 1 1/2 years old. He is of ... A: Paternity cannot be *positively* established with a blood test, but paternity can be ruled out with ... | |
| Aneugenic | 12/16/2007 |
| Q: i found this word while reading a precaution manual of VERMOX(Janssen-Cilag)tablet.i was not able to ... A: An aneugenic agent is a chemical that promotes aneuploidy in cells by affecting normal cell division ... | |
| Husbands Child From Another Women | 12/14/2007 |
| Q: My Husband and I got married 2 years ago and had a daughter who is now 1 1/2 years old. He is of ... A: Because your husband now expresses the dominant condition of hair and eye color (even though his ... | |
| The effects of certain minerals on plant /seed growth | 12/12/2007 |
| Q: I have been looking for hours for information on the following minerals with little luck. They are ... A: Zinc and copper are micronutrients (i.e., nutrients that plants need in extremely small quantities) ... | |
| Question about eye color inheritance | 12/11/2007 |
| Q: I have two children that have blue eyes, and I have brown eyes. Their dad has blue eyes. I know that ... A: Although eye color inheritance is turning out to be far more complex than scientists first thought, ... | |
| Genetic Variation | 12/11/2007 |
| Q: I really do appreciate your help. 1. A fruit fly with a gray body and red eyes (genotype BbPp) is ... A: You're correct. Six percent of the offspring cohort are recombinants. You'd have to do a bit more ... | |
| Genetic Coding | 12/11/2007 |
| Q: 2. The base sequence of the gene coding for a short polypeptide is 3’-CTACGCTAGGCGATTGACT-5’. What ... A: The sequence you transcribed from the original DNA strand is correct. But you need a little more ... | |
| Pick? | 12/10/2007 |
| Q: Im doing a Language Arts Project Called "Ethics Essay Assignment" I wanted to study and search about ... A: We do not yet have the biotechnology to genetically engineer human babies' traits. Many people ... | |
| Swallowed | 12/9/2007 |
| Q: If it were possible and i could be shrunk to about 2inches in height, what would it be like if my ... A: I'll assume this is a serious question and answer. 1. No amount of antacids would get a stomach to ... | |
| Viral dangers | 12/9/2007 |
| Q: If someone carrying a virus(for example, Anthrax) died, and a carnivore were to eat the body, could ... A: Whether a virus can "jump species" and become a dangerous pathogen in the new host depends on the ... | |
| heterochromatin | 12/7/2007 |
| Q: What was the reasoning behind naming heterochromatin heterochromatin? A: I can't find this in any of my dozen or so Genetics textbooks, either. So how about an educated ... | |
| biology | 12/7/2007 |
| Q: Is fire alive? A: No, fire is not alive. Fire is the visible result of the release of energy from matter that is ... | |
| small intestine | 12/7/2007 |
| Q: in biology class, we had a worksheet that said that we(humans) CAN NOT live without our small ... A: You *might* be able to live for a while without your small intestine if you were put on intravenous ... | |
| DNA seqeunces | 12/3/2007 |
| Q: I understand that DNA understands information in the form of codes using ACTG and that these codes ... A: Your question is a little bit difficult to decipher, but I'll do my best. I think the problem is ... | |
| A curious question about our human body inhaling. | 12/3/2007 |
| Q: I have done research and research, but I am not completely sure about 3 parts of it. 1)The ... A: 1. The alveoli *are* part of the lungs. They are the tiny, microscopic, saclike structures, each ... | |
| biology | 12/3/2007 |
| Q: why can't men pass on kearns sayre syndrome to their offsprings A: Kearns Sayre Syndrome is a (rare) disorder associated with a harmful mutation in the DNA of the ... | |
| Genetics: Natural Genetic Engineering? | 11/30/2007 |
| Q: I know about artificial genetic engineering but is there such a thing as "natural genetic ... A: J. Genetic engineering is the modification of genomes by humans. I wouldn't call the analog in ... | |
| babys looks | 11/28/2007 |
| Q: me- i have blonde hair and blue eyes mum - blonde hair and blue eyes dad - mousy brown and blue eyes ... A: Both hair and eye color in humans is controlled by more than one gene, and this makes it very ... | |
| 2nd grade science project | 11/28/2007 |
| Q: My son needs to do a science project, and I was thinking that it would be nice to shoe him and his ... A: Although this will mean that your son's project won't be exactly original, you can find a great way ... | |
| tissues | 11/27/2007 |
| Q: what is the endosymbiotic hypothesis? A: The notes from one of my Evolution and Biodiversity course lectures can help explain this to you. ... | |
| Brain chemical synthesis | 11/24/2007 |
| Q: The human brain uses a similar compound in its metabolism as THC and has receptors for this use. ... A: Neither THC nor its metabolites are used for normal bodily functions in humans. THC metabolites are ... | |
| Genetic Engineering | 11/21/2007 |
| Q: I recently read about the PEPCK-Cmus mice. In the article concerned it said that the genetic ... A: No, the process of genetic engineering is not as simple as the article made it sound. A gene to be ... | |
| Human Vision | 11/18/2007 |
| Q: I've always assumed that human vision was about average by comparison to other animals, but I ... A: Rhodopsin, the pigment found in our rod photoreceptors, has a maximum absorbance at about 500nm ... | |
| homosapians | 11/16/2007 |
| Q: What is a homosapian? A: Homo sapiens is the scientific name of our own species. It is a Latinized name, meaning ... | |
| science | 11/15/2007 |
| Q: Why is sodium not used to make cutlery? A: Well, for one thing, it's a very brittle metal in its pure form. And, more importantly, it reacts ... | |
| need help | 11/14/2007 |
| Q: how many years can the bee live A: Lifespan of a bee depends on the species of bee, and even its sex. Most biologists refer to the ... | |
| reactants of photosynthesis | 11/14/2007 |
| Q: For a section on photosythesis in our marine ecoloy section this semester we have to now about ... A: The reactants are the chemical compounds that change into something else over the course of the ... | |
| ... | 11/13/2007 |
| Q: Does smog and cigarette smoke have any type of effects on plant growth? A: It depends on what component of smog or cigarette smoke you're considering. Some compounds, such as ... | |
| TRIBULUS | 11/12/2007 |
| Q: I have been told that tribuluse is good for you is this true. thank you ....... A: This from our old pal, Wikipedia: "Tribulus is a genus of plants found in many warm regions. The ... | |
| serology | 11/9/2007 |
| Q: when a person faces to these pathogens,his wright test(brucellosis test)shows false positive: ... A: Some serology assays, such as ELISA, are not specific enough to tell the difference between the ... | |
| Brain | 11/8/2007 |
| Q: 1. How do the human brain function? 2. How does we remember things and how do we forget things? ... A: This question is so involved and complex that it would take an entire textbook to explain, and it's ... | |
| Personality | 11/7/2007 |
| Q: Which Chromosome(s) is responsible for personality traits ? A: The role of genes in generating personality is not yet known, although researchers are very slowly ... | |
| genetics | 11/4/2007 |
| Q: I'm not sure what is NOT true about genetics. I know that linked genes are located on the same ... A: Yes, linked genes are located on the same chromosome. The genes will segregate together during ... | |
| Sliding Filament Theory Analogy | 11/2/2007 |
| Q: I'm trying to understand all of the processes of the sliding filament theory - how calcium, actin, ... A: I can't think of any analogies that would encompass all the components of the sliding filament ... | |
| Flagellum: Irreducibly Complex | 11/2/2007 |
| Q: I have heard information about a flagellum that I need to confirm with the experts. I do not know ... A: A cilium is basically a short flagellum, and they operate in very much the same way. The argument ... | |
| cell biology | 10/27/2007 |
| Q: why do we use only methylene blue to stain animal cell why not iodine? A: Different stains are used to stain different parts of the cell. Methylene blue tends to stain ... | |
| Science | 10/26/2007 |
| Q: Do you know of a web site for the medical community to collaborate, share ideas, update research ... A: I know of no central web site like the one you describe. But one good way to find a PI is to do a ... | |
| bacteria / microbe living conditions. | 10/14/2007 |
| Q: some bacteria/microbes live near underwater vulcano eruptions, there must be extreme heat at these ... A: The bacteria (actually known as Archaeans) that you're referring to are known as extreme ... | |
| eye color | 10/13/2007 |
| Q: What color eyes will my baby have if my eye color is light brown and my mates eye color is blue ... A: Eye color is controlled by several genes, so it is not possible to predict the offspring eye color ... | |
| facial feature formation and hormone levels | 10/12/2007 |
| Q: I have read that testosterone levels in males facilitate male facial characteristics, such as chin, ... A: If the genes do not encode formation of a "strong jaw" or high cheekbones, then additional ... | |
| Biology | 10/12/2007 |
| Q: if you blow up s balloon and then hold it in front of a stove, it increase in size. is the balloon ... A: Biological growth has three aspects: (1) increase in cell size, (2) increase in cell number and (3) ... | |
| facial feature formation and hormone levels | 10/10/2007 |
| Q: I have read that testosterone levels in males facilitate male facial characteristics, such as chin, ... A: Most physical characters are affected by both Nature (genes) and Nurture (environmental influence), ... | |
| genetics | 10/2/2007 |
| Q: can u please help me understand genetics. its a difficult subject matter. i get that R is dominant ... A: I will be happy to help you if you can ask me a more specific question. But the subject of genetics ... | |
| injuries | 9/30/2007 |
| Q: does having more muscle mean you have less injuries? like, someone with a normal amount would be ... A: If the problem is just from straining your connective tissue, then yes, strengthening your muscles ... | |
| injuries | 9/28/2007 |
| Q: does having more muscle mean you have less injuries? like, someone with a normal amount would be ... A: If your muscles are stronger, you are less likely to suffer injuries to your skeleton and connective ... | |
| Water molecules in redwood trees | 9/27/2007 |
| Q: How long does it take for a water molecule to go from the root of a coastal or inland redwood tree ... A: Unfortunately, there isn't a single, simple answer to your question. The rate of transpiration ... | |
| Eco-tourism | 9/26/2007 |
| Q: I'm not dumb or anything it's just that I don't know this answer to this question on my project that ... A: If you're asking specifically about how eco-tourism has affected the rainforest, I can give you ... | |
| Mammal classification | 9/25/2007 |
| Q: I have a question regarding the classification of mammals. The old view, based on morphology, ... A: What very little I know about these clades, I will share. But this isn't my area of expertise. :) ... | |
| biology: food web and energy pyramid questions | 9/24/2007 |
| Q: why is the energy pyramis so complicated as for the trophic level A: Your question is not worded very clearly. Are you asking why the trophic levels are so complicated? ... | |
| Ecology | 9/24/2007 |
| Q: how can a samll biomass of producers such as algae, support a larger biomass of consumers such as ... A: If the producers (phytoplankton/algae) reproduce extremely rapidly--more rapidly than the ... | |
| Microbiology | 9/23/2007 |
| Q: If bacteria can develop resistance to things like antibiotics, then why can't they develop ... A: A common misconception about natural selection is that organisms can evolve thing because they need ... | |
| melanin question | 9/23/2007 |
| Q: are there any chemicals that can permanently inhibit the melanogenic enzymes, such as tyrosinase, ... A: There are many different agents in use in cosmetic medicine that lighten the skin by inhibiting ... | |
| Why do plants grow on hills? | 9/23/2007 |
| Q: I am in class 9th andv I clange u to tell me the answer of this question Why the plants grow on the ... A: This is a pretty vague question. But I will answer it as asked: Plants grow on hills because there ... | |
| twins | 9/21/2007 |
| Q: Does the possibility of having fraternal twins come from the mother or the fathers' genetic ... A: It is likely, since twinning in both sides of your future children's families has been sporadic, at ... | |
| Root study | 9/21/2007 |
| Q: I am M.Sc student in Agronomy I want to plant wheat and an annual weed in a tube, close to each ... A: This is an interesting problem, but I don't think it's going to be easy to discriminate between the ... | |
| expressing of mutation | 9/20/2007 |
| Q: Dr. Krempels: I took bio for non-science majors in college and became facinated by genetics. We ... A: These are very interesting questions, and you have the makings of a biologist! :) Plant mutations ... | |
| DNA Replication | 9/19/2007 |
| Q: i was wondering what the basic steps are in dna replication A: DNA replication is sometimes divided into three phases called Initiation, Elongation, and ... | |
| twins | 9/15/2007 |
| Q: Does the possibility of having fraternal twins come from the mother or the fathers' genetic ... A: It is more likely that this tendency runs in the maternal line, since multiple ovulations are a ... | |
| biology | 9/13/2007 |
| Q: i was wondering is water a temperature stabilizing substance for living organisms A: Yes, it is. Water has a very high specific heat: it takes one calorie to raise one gram of water ... | |
| plants and sponges | 9/12/2007 |
| Q: I can't believe I have to ask this. My daughter Leah has a homework question and I am not 100% sure ... A: That's not an easy question, actually! As you know, a sponge is more closely related to animals ... | |
| 46 chromosome creatures | 9/10/2007 |
| Q: I have two questions : 1- I am wondering what are the creatures that has 46 chromosomes other than ... A: This is a difficult question to answer, since karyotype information on various species is sparse and ... | |
| Taxonomy | 9/10/2007 |
| Q: what is the domian of a lion A: Although this sounds like a homework question, I'll give you some hints. There are three domains ... | |
| definition of pain | 9/9/2007 |
| Q: Krempels, I asked you a question a few weeks ago regarding the hypothesis of pain in plants. But I ... A: Well, the medical dictionary definition of "pain" runs as follows: "Pain: An unpleasant sensation ... | |
| microscope field of view | 9/8/2007 |
| Q: My introductory college anatomy/physiology course had its first and only histology lab last night. ... A: The answer to #1 is yes. Most (but not all) oculars are 10x magnification. Number 2 is a little ... | |
| botany | 9/7/2007 |
| Q: Do you know what spinifex is? I think it's grown in Australia. Thanks. A: I'd never heard of spinifex before, but a quick Google search yielded this web site, with some very ... | |
| Population its important | 9/5/2007 |
| Q: why would an animal species which feeds on a varied diet have an advantage on one with a specialized ... A: Now, I bet you could figure this out if you think about it for a minute. :) If an animal is able ... | |
| normal pH of the mouth | 9/5/2007 |
| Q: what is the pH of mouth A: Under normal circumstances, the pH of the human mouth stays close to neutral (pH 7.0), though this ... | |
| biochemistry | 9/4/2007 |
| Q: What is the differences between glycolysis,Kreb's Cycle and electron transport chain? A: Hamdan, The three processes you name are three parts of the complete chain of events required for a ... | |
| The Tundra Biome | 9/1/2007 |
| Q: Will global warming have an effect on the tundra biome? Will it cause certain species to become ... A: Of all the earth's biomes, the tundra and arctic/antarctic habitats are probably going to be the ... | |
| Biology Terms | 8/31/2007 |
| Q: I have been looking for a book that gives the meaning of biology terms. For example biology bio= ... A: If you're looking for a dictionary of word roots and combining forms for biology, then I have the ... | |
| reactions of human body | 8/31/2007 |
| Q: Krempels, I know that many harmful stimuli can cause pain to humans (a cut, a headache, etc.)and ... A: The only other automatic defense response I can think of off the top of my head is the reflexive ... | |
| bio | 8/31/2007 |
| Q: MAY BE YOUR ANSWER WILL BE THAT WATER SOLUBLE VITAMINS ARE EXCRETED IN URINE THATS WHY WATER SOLUBLE ... A: When we urinate out excess fluids, any excess water-based vitamins that were circulating in our ... | |
| biology | 8/30/2007 |
| Q: what is heat? A: Heat is caused by molecular motion. The faster molecules are moving in a gas or solid, the higher ... | |
| Rainforest Biome | 8/29/2007 |
| Q: At what rate is the rainforest shrinking and at what point could our resources from the rainforests ... A: I think you will be able to find the answers to these questions and more here: ... | |
| Desert Biome | 8/29/2007 |
| Q: Im doing a biome project for my Biology Class and my biome is the desert (hot desert). I am ... A: Many desert plants have relatively long lifespans. Among the longest lived are things like Joshua ... | |
| baby | 8/28/2007 |
| Q: I am 4 mo. pregnant and I have a question about what my baby's eye color might be. I have med/dark ... A: Since your mother has hazel eyes, you have inherited the recessive "light eye" allele from her, ... | |
| recent questions regarding zygotes | 8/26/2007 |
| Q: first let me apologize for the recent questions regarding the classification of zygote. That was my ... A: Please don't worry about having caused anyone to send me odd questions about classification. ... | |
| question about HPV vaccine | 8/24/2007 |
| Q: how are you? I was wondering if you can provide your opionion. I am writing a essay on this topic ... A: In my personal opinion, the state should leave that decision to the individual. Vaccines are not ... | |
| species membership | 8/23/2007 |
| Q: Krempels, Your very prompt reply seemed to say that there was no scientific answer to my apparently ... A: [And since living sperm and living egg combine to form a living creature with a new DNA code, it ... | |
| species membership | 8/23/2007 |
| Q: Krempels, Your very prompt reply seemed to say that there was no scientific answer to my apparently ... A: ["Life" is a continuum, is it not?] "Life" has a precise, specific definition in the biological ... | |
| species membership | 8/23/2007 |
| Q: Krempels, Your very prompt reply seemed to say that there was no scientific answer to my apparently ... A: I'll bracket your quotes so that I can answer each section in turn: [Your very prompt reply seemed ... | |
| membership in species Homo sapiens | 8/22/2007 |
| Q: Krempels: You were recently quoted as saying that the human zygote was not a member of the species ... A: Followup to Mr. Chadwick's contention that my answer (appended below) was evasive: My answer was ... | |
| The desert | 8/21/2007 |
| Q: my name is Kevin and I am doing a summer project for my AP Biology class. For our summer work we ... A: Well, I'm sure you know the desert is a very dry environment. So the animals that live there must ... | |
| genetics | 8/21/2007 |
| Q: what is the best definition of a heterzygote. a. an individual with two dominant alleles. b. an ... A: This is a homework question, which you should probably do on your own. It's a very basic level ... | |
| Can't remember the name of this... | 8/21/2007 |
| Q: I can't think of the name of this, but I remember hearing that there is a way to tell how close two ... A: Are you referring to DNA sequencing? One way to determine how closely related two species are is to ... | |
| Genetic experiment | 8/20/2007 |
| Q: Explain in detail how you would prove that a black guinea pig is heterozygous or homozygous (Worth ... A: Before you can answer this question, you need to know whether the allele coding for the black fur is ... | |
| project | 8/19/2007 |
| Q: Sir please tell me the topics related to biology project for class12 A: From the wording of your question, it is very difficult for me to figure out what you are asking. ... | |
| genetics | 8/18/2007 |
| Q: why do women give birth to twins occassionally? A: If a woman ovulates two ova (eggs) in one cycle, and both are fertilized by her partner, then she ... | |
| Can Laughter Change DNA genes? | 8/14/2007 |
| Q: I'm trying to understand the conclusion in the following report :- ... A: Wow, that's a very interesting study! The results don't mean that laughter is actually changing the ... | |
| Color and hair of our first baby. | 8/7/2007 |
| Q: The whole family is curious as to what color hair she is going to have. I have brown hair,my mother ... A: Since both hair and eye color are governed by several genes each, it is nearly impossible to ... | |
| baby genetics | 8/4/2007 |
| Q: it would be great if you could answer this question for me,i have dark blonde hair with blue eyes ... A: Hair color and eye color in humans are each controlled by several genes, and this makes it nearly ... | |
| plants and emotions | 8/3/2007 |
| Q: I know it might sound weird but do you think that plants have feelings such as sadness, distress or ... A: The question you asked isn't weird: many people have wondered about it over the ages. ... | |
| my unborn child's hair and eye color | 7/31/2007 |
| Q: My boyfriend and I are expecting our first child in Feb and I was wondering if you can tell me what ... A: Hair and eye color in humans are controlled by several genes each, which makes predicting the ... | |
| Classification of Homo Sapien cells as HS themselves | 7/31/2007 |
| Q: I'm doing research on biological identity and wanted to clarify whether different humans cells can ... A: Interesting ideas, and certainly more in the realm of philosophy, at this point, than science, which ... | |
| Classification of Homo Sapien cells as HS themselves | 7/28/2007 |
| Q: I'm doing research on biological identity and wanted to clarify whether different humans cells can ... A: I don't know any biologist who would classify a single cell from a Homo sapiens as a Homo sapiens. ... | |
| mitosis vs. meiosis | 7/27/2007 |
| Q: what is the difference between mittosis and mioses? A: Mitosis is the type of cell division that occurs when a cell makes identical copies of itself. A ... | |
| scientific names of organisms | 7/24/2007 |
| Q: will u please provide me with the names of some of these organisms ... A: Here are those names. Note that a scientific name is correctly written only if the genus (first ... | |
| shark question | 7/19/2007 |
| Q: Why can't a shark live out of water, even if it has water flowing through it's gills for ... A: One reason is that the watery habitat provides buoyancy for the shark's body. The fish can be out ... | |
| Fingers & orgasam | 7/19/2007 |
| Q: I have two questions.one is which i experienced,other one was something i studied for some time but ... A: In answer to #1: Your fingers get wrinkly when they're in water for a long time because water is ... | |
| Will my baby look more like its father or its mother? | 7/16/2007 |
| Q: my name is German Cortes I'm a proud parent to be, i want to know if there is any way to find out ... A: Most human traits are controlled by several different genes, and the more genes involved, the more ... | |
| How Do Two Blue-Eyed Parents Produce a Hazel-Eyed Child? | 7/14/2007 |
| Q: My husband and I are the parents of six children. Both my husband and myself have blue eyes as do 5 ... A: It is unusual for two blue-eyed parents to produce a hazel-eyed child, but not impossible. There ... | |
| baby hair and eye color | 7/12/2007 |
| Q: i am having a baby soon and I was just curious about what he/she will look like!!! I have hazel ... A: With such a happy mix of hair and eye color genes, there is not sure way to predict exactly what ... | |
| bio | 7/12/2007 |
| Q: how are bacteria and fungi able to decompose the dead bodies of plants and animals and why are ... A: Bacteria and Fungi have many different types of enzymes (functional proteins) that can break down ... | |
| BIO Gametes | 7/11/2007 |
| Q: Dana I would to take the time to say my Thank you for the quick respond on my previous question. ... A: If we designate the handedness gene as "R" and the eye color gene as "B", then the genotype of the ... | |
| BIO Gametes | 7/10/2007 |
| Q: A man and woman both have normal color vision, they have two children, a son with normal vision and ... A: Your answer is absolutely correct! :) I cannot send you an answer via email because your email ... | |
| human eye | 7/8/2007 |
| Q: i have wondered for a while how many frames per second the human eye can see? i know many think that ... A: The flicker fusion point of the mammalian eye (including the human eye) is usually considered to be ... | |
| punnett squares | 7/7/2007 |
| Q: I am having trouble setting up a punnet square for two traits. One being white or black hair, and ... A: To set up a Punnett Square for two traits, you don't really need to know which trait is dominant and ... | |
| Hardy-Weinberg | 7/7/2007 |
| Q: I am currently taking a biology course correspondence, and have found difficulty with this ... A: If you're studying the allele frequencies of a gene with two alleles, then the frequency of the ... | |
| red hair | 7/6/2007 |
| Q: I'd appreciate a little info about the red hair gene. I have blonde hair as does my baby's father, ... A: Hair color in humans is controlled by several different genes, including genes that code for the ... | |
| plants | 7/3/2007 |
| Q: how can a floating pond plant,such as duckweed,survive without having its roots in soil? A: I just found your question in the Biology question pool, and thought I could help. Plant roots ... | |
| resources | 7/3/2007 |
| Q: I'm wondering if you can name some great books on biology for non-biologists. There are two types ... A: Because Biology is such a HUGE field, with many subdisciplines, there is no single work that could ... | |
| Research review | 7/2/2007 |
| Q: Greetings, My name is Larry Thomas and I am an American living in Wiesbaden, Germany. I am currently ... A: This is a very extensive site, and an interesting idea. I will try to find the time to have a ... | |
| ecology | 6/30/2007 |
| Q: Why is acid rain more of a problem today then 100 years ago? Is it related to the fact that 100 ... A: You are exactly correct. The emissions caused by the burning of fossil fuels cause sulfur and ... | |
| Zoology: Non-mammalian external ears | 6/30/2007 |
| Q: Krempels, Are there any exceptions to the general pattern that only mammals have external ears? If ... A: This is an interesting question, but the answer might be really simple. Animals don't evolve ... | |
| bio | 6/28/2007 |
| Q: sir what is the difference between small pox and measles? what is the difference between blood and ... A: Both measles and small pox are viral diseases that can cause many deaths in unvaccinated human ... | |
| Evolution | 6/28/2007 |
| Q: I am looking for a list of all of the known species that have existed(from single celled organisms ... A: I do not think there is a single list of all the species that ever have existed (or at least are ... | |
| the five kingdoms | 6/27/2007 |
| Q: what's the differences of the monera kingdom to the other kingdoms A: I just now found your question in the Biology question pool, and though it's been a few days, I hope ... | |
| genetics | 6/25/2007 |
| Q: If the dominant trait shows in a person, what would there genotype be? how did they obtain it. Does ... A: If the trait you are considering has only two alleles, a dominant (A) and a recessive (a) version, ... | |
| Human phaeomelanin production questions? | 6/25/2007 |
| Q: When stimulated by one of the cleavage products of proopiomelanocortin, typically α-melanocyte ... A: The issue you are trying to address is far more complex than can be solved by simply buying Asip and ... | |
| Animal Tissues | 6/25/2007 |
| Q: sir i want to ask what are animal tissues?what are epithelial tissues,connective tissues ,muscular ... A: This sounds like a homework question, which you'll need to answer partly for yourself, but I can get ... | |
| dry mouth and balloons | 6/25/2007 |
| Q: Why is it difficult to whistle or blow balloons if you have a dry mouth? A: Saliva acts as a lubricant for the mouth, and wet tissues will vibrate more readily than dry ... | |
| Color of our bi-racial baby's eyes | 6/23/2007 |
| Q: My husband is white with green eyes, sandy blonde hair. His mom has green eyes, sandy blonde hair; ... A: If you are of African heritage for as long back as your family is aware, then it is very likely that ... | |
| baby eyes.. and hair | 6/22/2007 |
| Q: I just have a quick question.. my daughter's father has brown eyes and dark brown hair. His whole ... A: Eye and hair color in humans are both complex traits, each controlled by more than one gene locus. ... | |
| Language & voice relation | 6/22/2007 |
| Q: I'm just wondering if there's any proven relation between a person's mother tongue and their voice ... A: I know of no studies in which anyone tried to link voice timbre to native language. If one were to ... | |
| genetics | 6/22/2007 |
| Q: We've all heard that the woman contributes the "XX" chromosome and the man contributes either the ... A: First, a little background: Humans have a total of 46 chromosomes. You get one set of 23 from your ... | |
| Baby eye and hair color | 6/20/2007 |
| Q: I am not asking for exact color, just light or dark. My parents and all my 4 of my siblings have ... A: Eye and hair color in humans are both complex traits, each controlled by more than one gene locus. ... | |
| Genetics and evolution | 6/14/2007 |
| Q: Dr. Krempels, I was hoping you could shed some light on an argument a friend and I were having on ... A: By definition, individuals of the same species must be able to breed to produce fertile, viable ... | |
| Head_ Hair | 6/14/2007 |
| Q: I have a very curious queston.Why does the growth of human hair(head) differs men with women? As far ... A: There is no significant difference in overall hair growth rate between the sexes in humans. There ... | |
| Biology | 6/12/2007 |
| Q: What is the endoplasmic reticulum? A: The endoplasmic reticulum is a network of plasma-membrane "canals" that runs through the cytoplasm ... | |
| Hooves and feet | 6/10/2007 |
| Q: If humans had hooves instead of feet would they still be able to walk (let's say they are born with ... A: If a human was born with hooves instead of feet, it would be the result of a mutation so bizarre ... | |
| Why do ripe fruits - especially when canned - smell bad? | 6/10/2007 |
| Q: I notice that many fruits [excluding apples] emit foul odors when ripe. What chemicals are ... A: Interesting question! I don't think you have an olfactory perception "disorder." But I do think ... | |
| baby eye and hair color! | 6/6/2007 |
| Q: i wanted to know if you could help me try to figure out what color hair and eyes my baby will have I ... A: Both hair color and eye color are controlled by more than one gene, and the more genes affecting a ... | |
| biology | 6/4/2007 |
| Q: branches of biology A: Are you asking what the various branches of biology are? Your question is not clear. But there are ... | |
| Recombination | 6/3/2007 |
| Q: This is not a homework question-really.The answer is there in the book but I can't figure how they ... A: Geetha, The question you've asked would need an entire Genetics lecture to adequately answer, but ... | |
| about plant fruits | 6/2/2007 |
| Q: I wonder if you could tell me if plant fruits are living organisms like the plant itself? Actually, ... A: Plants are composed of living tissue, but the plant itself really cannot be considered an individual ... | |
| evolution of the male voice | 6/2/2007 |
| Q: Do you know of any theories that account for the evolutionary reasons behind men having deeper ... A: Sorry for taking so long to respond. Your followup caught me at a point where I'm doing too many ... | |
| evolution of the male voice | 6/1/2007 |
| Q: Do you know of any theories that account for the evolutionary reasons behind men having deeper ... A: In most mammal species, the male is somewhat larger than the female, and this often means that his ... | |
| Biology | 5/31/2007 |
| Q: can u tell me more about the Discovery of Third type of twins? A: The two best known types of twins in humans are (1) fraternal twins, produced when a mother ovulates ... | |
| food prices | 5/29/2007 |
| Q: why do foods that are rich in fat tend to be more expensive to buy when compared with carbohydrates? ... A: Ah, well if you're comparing steak to potatoes then it's not the fat content that makes the ... | |
| Medicines: what do they do to the human gene pool? | 5/29/2007 |
| Q: what is the effect on the human gene pool of the discovery of expensive medical treatments that ... A: You have two separate questions, each of which has a different type of answer. The first one is ... | |
| hi | 5/29/2007 |
| Q: Because the genetic information is carried equally by egg and sperm, what do you suppose to be the ... A: The question you ask is as old as the question "why sex?" There is no definite answer except to say ... | |
| Why a urinary bladder? | 5/29/2007 |
| Q: what is the advantage of having a urinary bladder? A: Well, for one thing it gives you a place to store urine, if you're a terrestrial mammal, so that you ... | |
| Sickle Cell Anemia | 5/29/2007 |
| Q: what is sicle cell anemia? A: This is a genetic condition carried by about 1 in 10 people in the U.S. of African descent. A small ... | |
| laughter | 5/25/2007 |
| Q: Is there any biological reason for laughter? Why are only humans capable of it, and what is the ... A: What's the deal with laughter? Why do we do it? This is a question still being pondered by both ... | |
| plants | 5/23/2007 |
| Q: If plants can grow in the dark what happens when the plant is placed in light? A: Plants can grow in the dark only for a limited time, since they get energy for growth only from ... | |
| Regeneration | 5/22/2007 |
| Q: How do starfish regenerate completely? Is it similar to the fetal development process? How is the ... A: Starfish retain in their bodies a number of cells that continue to be totipotent throughout their ... | |
| cell receptor | 5/18/2007 |
| Q: Apart from receiving cell signal, what is an important function of the cell receptor? A: I am not exactly sure what you mean by "cell receptor." Do you mean protein binding sites on the ... | |
| plants defense mechanism | 5/18/2007 |
| Q: I was wondering...do you think that plants can suffer when being cut or damaged? I found this ... A: As far as we know, a nervous system with a brain is a necessary prerequisite for feeling pain. And ... | |
| Adaptation | 5/18/2007 |
| Q: I wrote you an e-mail a couple of days ago regarding several issues on evolution, adaptation and ... A: Jeffrey (Of course I remember you!) You ask some really interesting and difficult questions...some ... | |
| photosynthesis | 5/18/2007 |
| Q: Why do plants need oxygen? I know they produce it but i did not know they needed it. A: All living things that break down sugar to use its energy for doing cellular work need oxygen. ... | |
| becoming a research scientist in biology | 5/16/2007 |
| Q: I would like to find out exactly what it takes to become a research scientist in biological ... A: You're never too old to change the course of your life, and if you have the will, there is a way. ... | |
| DNA replication | 5/15/2007 |
| Q: How many genes undergo DNA replication before mitosis? ANSWER: Dear Julie, When a cell prepares for ... A: Juuuulieeee.... Are you using me to answer your homework questions? I need you to read your ... | |
| DNA replication | 5/15/2007 |
| Q: How many genes undergo DNA replication before mitosis? ANSWER: Dear Julie, When a cell prepares for ... A: I had to laugh, because your question showed up twice in my mailbox, looking like this: DNA ... | |
| Selfish Gene Theory | 5/15/2007 |
| Q: I am a Ph.D. Psychology student in Germany, and I am extremely interested in how biological ... A: Richard Dawkins is nothing if not controversial! His work has provoked a great deal of support, as ... | |
| biological aspects | 5/15/2007 |
| Q: It is likely that genes that influence people's propensities to be agressive or depressed, or ... A: What you say in the first sentence is undoubtedly true, and is of a biological nature. Your ... | |
| DNA replication | 5/15/2007 |
| Q: How many genes undergo DNA replication before mitosis? A: When a cell prepares for mitosis, *all* the DNA in the nucleus is replicated. Depending on what ... | |
| Evolution puzzle | 5/13/2007 |
| Q: There is an aspect of evolution that is puzzling me. Am I right in thinking that evolution works by ... A: This is a question that many have discussed and argued ever since Darwin ever put forth his ideas ... | |
| part vs. whole | 5/13/2007 |
| Q: Could you explain the prmise "evolution does not act on a part; it acts on the body as a whole"? ... A: The unit of evolution is the population, and selection acts at the level of the individual organism, ... | |
| question for you | 5/10/2007 |
| Q: What effects does progesterone hormones have on sex cells? A: This is an area of ongoing study, and I'm sure there are more effects than what I'll mention briefly ... | |
| biology | 5/10/2007 |
| Q: after plants are eaten by animals what proces changes the carbon in these organic compounds back to ... A: Only decomposer organisms such as bacteria and fungi can convert organic carbon compounds into ... | |
| Biology | 5/7/2007 |
| Q: In peas, green pods (G) are dominant to yellow pods (g). If a homozygous dominant plant is crossed ... A: If a true-breeding dominant plant is crossed with a true-breeding recessive plant, then 100% of the ... | |
| segregation distorters | 4/28/2007 |
| Q: A quote from a book by Richard Dawkins, "Meiosis, too, is a physical process, and it can be ... A: I just joined AllExperts in the Biology category, and found your question. If I'm not mistaken, ... | |
Biology
Answers by Expert:
Dana Krempels, Ph.D.
Top Expert on this page
Expertise
I can answer biology-related questions in the areas of evolution, zoology, botany, genetics, and ecology. But I don't answer homework questions or provide ideas for your science fair projects. So students please do your learning the right way by reading your text assignments and studying!
Experience
At the University of Miami, I teach Evolution and Biodiversity, Botany, Zoology, Genetics, Ecology, and a variety of seminars (e.g., the Biology and Evolution of Human Gender Roles).
Education/Credentials
I have a B.S. in Biology and an A.B. in English from the University of Southern California (1980).
I earned my Ph.D. in Biology in the area of evolutionary biology/visual physiology from the University of Miami in 1989.
Past/Present Clients
I am currently an "expert" in both the "Rabbits" and "Wild Animals" categories.
©2012 About.com, a part of The New York Times Company. All rights reserved.