Expert: Daniel Humphrey - 1/9/2008

Question
How can you tell what is and is not a load bearing wall? So basically, can anyone tell me how I can look for myself and see if it is a load bearing wall or not?

Answer
Michael,

A wall capable of bearing the load of a second floor or roof will be constructed of at least 2x4 studs on 16 inches on center and be positioned directly above a foundation so that the load path is direct. Sheathing on one or both sides of the studs will prevent shear and deflection. Blocking will also prevent deflection of the studs.

In an existing house, you might determine whether a particular wall is acting as a load-bearing structure by looking above and below the wall. Above the wall, you're looking to see whether a joist or rafter is putting weight on it. Below the wall, you're looking to see whether the builder provided support for a load there.

Another way a wall can bear a load is to provide shear strength for the structure by preventing intersecting walls from deflecting or leaning, or to give the entire building rigidity.

A builder can spot a load-bearing wall by looking at the overall structure and knowing what needs supporting by walls.

Daniel