Expert: Catherine Beier MS CBE - 6/1/2009

Question
My sister suffers from an overabundance of fluid (polyhydramnios) in her 31 weeks. Now the doctor says she risks having baby too early.

Is there a way to prevent preterm delivery in this case? Your experience is greatly appreciated.

Answer
Mike,

Just because she is at risk fro preterm labor, does not mean it will happen.  There are varying degrees of excess fluid levels and higher levels tend to cause more complications. Most cases are mild and result from a slow buildup of excess fluid in the second half of pregnancy.  About half the time, polyhydramnios goes away without treatment. Only about 26% of women with the condition will go into preterm labor.


Polyhydramnios itself is not a risk factor for preterm birth; it's the cause of the high level of fluid which is a predictor for preterm birth.


There are a few medical treatments that can be performed to reduce the amount of amniotic fluid. One is medication and the other is selectively reducing the amount of fluid through a procedure similar to amniocentesis.  Your sister should discuss these options with her doctor to determine whether treatment is right for her.


Another cause can be high blood sugar levels.  If your sister's levels are high, then appropriate treatment to keep them within normal limits will reduce her risk of preterm birth.



So, the best way to prevent preterm birth is to assess the cause of the condition, its severity, and then undertake the appropriate treatment measures.   Your sister will need to discuss these issues with her care provider to determine the best course of action in her case.



Best,
Catherine