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Construction Industry/Floor Joist Load Capacity

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Expert: - 11/12/2009


Question
I am renovating a former warehouse into a restaurant/bar.  The existing joists are turn-of the century, actual 2" x 14" on 16" centers.  They span 18' between steel beams.  Local code calls for 100 lbs/sq. ft. capacity.  Will the existing joists suffice?

Answer
Hello Jim,

Depending on the areas over the joists, they may support tables and seating for example - but they will not meet code where the heavy equipment is installed - kitchen stoves, freezers, refrigeration, etc.  However, the code is written as a general requirement because the layout of equipment from tenant to tenant can't be predetermined.

Also, an unfortunate thing is that sizes of lumber have changed since the early 1900's.  A 2"x 4" used to be 1 5/8" x 3 5/8" actual dimension.  Now they are 1½" x 3½".  This applies to all sizes.

Ask your Code Enforcement person what size joints will meet code or perhaps you can insert new joists between the old ones to distribute the loads.  It's a little tricky with the sizes being different but it can be done.  Another way is to reduce the spans by adding a steel beam midway under the joists.  The span of 9' and will probably meet the code.

I hope this has been helpful.

Roger
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Roger Zona

Expertise

I am experienced in all types of construction: residential, industrial and commercial; single family, multi-family, mid-rise and high rise buildings (16 story office building) as well as remodeling, additions and tenant improvements. I can field most any question that relates to general construction. I have consulted with infrastructure (utility) contractors also and have a good general knowledge of underground utility construction for subdivisions and commercial projects.

Experience

After college, I began my career in the construction industry. I chose to become an apprentice Architect and 4 yrs later I opened my own architectural design firm. Six years later I moved to Florida to buy & develop land and build. I became a State of Florida Certified General Contractor and operated my business for 45 years. I built all types of residential and commercial buildings including warehouses, shopping centers, high rise apartments and office buildings and developed sites for other contractors. I retired and became a consultant to the construction industry. I maintain my license and continuing education requirements, operate a small construction company and write a weekly newspaper column for the Palm Beach Post (a Cox publication) with the byline "Ask The Contractor". I am the "technical editor" for a publisher of books that relate to home maintenance.

Organizations
Previously - NAHA Currently - FLCA (Florida Licensed Contractors Assoc.)

Publications
Palm Beach Post newspaper - weekly Q & A column Happy Herald monthly real estate publication - monthly column

Education/Credentials
Michigan State University University of Detroit BS in Engineering

Past/Present Clients
I built a home in Palm Beach for a member of the Pulitzer Family. I was responsible for the completion of a twin hi-rise condominium project for G.E. Credit. I was a partner in the successful development of a P.U.D. (Planned Urban Development) subdivision. I represented the largest home builder from France (Bati Service, S.A.) in the development of a subdivision and the design and construction of the homes.

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