| Subject | Date Asked | Expert |
| centromere | 5/14/2010 | Stefan Gruenwald, MD, PhD |
| Q: Are there neocentromere and centromere on one chromosome simultaneously? When does neocentromere ... A: Neocentromeres are rare human chromosomal aberrations where a new centromere has formed in a ... | ||
| gene | 5/13/2010 | Stefan Gruenwald, MD, PhD |
| Q: What is the difference between structural gene and constitutive gene? Is the regulator gene ... A: This is easy to answer: Structural genes are genes that encode proteins which participate in the ... | ||
| Plasmid degradation | 5/13/2010 | Stefan Gruenwald, MD, PhD |
| Q: I'm having a baffling problem with my plasmids degrading. Any time I put any plasmid (several of my ... A: You are clearly getting DNase activity from somewhere. The supercoilded form of the plasmid (nice ... | ||
| biology | 5/13/2010 | Stefan Gruenwald, MD, PhD |
| Q: Sir, Is it possible to produce high content of mitochondria in a normal cell by genetic engineerig? A: No, at least not yet. Mitochondria are like primitive bacteria / symbiotic organisms that have been ... | ||
| biology | 5/6/2010 | Stefan Gruenwald, MD, PhD |
| Q: Why peoples are telling donot take nonveg and milk at time? Is there any changes occures in our body ... A: There is no real reason to not take non-vegetables like chicken at the same time with milk. The only ... | ||
| molecular biology | 5/3/2010 | Stefan Gruenwald, MD, PhD |
| Q: For the production of 38ATP from the one mole of glucose,how much time is needed for the process in ... A: Arun, as I pointed out before, you cannot give a specific time to these processes, since they depend ... | ||
| Biology | 4/30/2010 | Stefan Gruenwald, MD, PhD |
| Q: Does RNA splicing phenomena help in removal of exons..??Please give reason .. A: Yes, they are actually the phenomenon which remove the exons inside a precursor mRNA. They exist ... | ||
| molecular biology | 4/27/2010 | Stefan Gruenwald, MD, PhD |
| Q: For the production of 38ATP from the one mole of glucose,how much time is needed for the process in ... A: It is hard to say how fast this process occurs, since it is time dependent and also cell dependent. ... | ||
| human mouth disinfectant | 4/26/2010 | Stefan Gruenwald, MD, PhD |
| Q: Is there any way to limit the probability of infection from viruses introduced orally? For example, ... A: No, unfortunately there is NO way (currently) of inhibiting a virus from spreading over to you, once ... | ||
| molecular biology | 4/26/2010 | Stefan Gruenwald, MD, PhD |
| Q: For the production of 38ATP from the one mole of glucose,how much time is needed for the process in ... A: With 38 ATP you refer to 38 moles of ATP and to aerobic respiration. All higher organisms and many ... | ||
| Sugarcane primers/ molecular markers. | 4/26/2010 | Stefan Gruenwald, MD, PhD |
| Q: I am currrently working as a research scientist involved in sugarcane research (Breeding) as well as ... A: Sugarcane is a highly complex organism, genetically. Most sugarcane cultivars use a recent ... | ||
| Biology | 4/25/2010 | Stefan Gruenwald, MD, PhD |
| Q: What are at least five molecular examples of structure fits function? A: Any protein with a pocket, where the pocket serves as a catalytic center, would fit as an example of ... | ||
| Enquiries on uncut plasmid | 1/29/2010 | Adam Ross |
| Q: I would like to ask about the different bands form from a purified uncut plasmid when it undergo ... A: Andy, The last part of youryou know the plasmid carries a resistance gene by plating it on the ... | ||
| Genetics and hair texture | 1/25/2010 | Adam Ross |
| Q: I am a 17 year old of african hertige and there are many people in my family with different type of ... A: Hair texture shows what is called the incomplete dominance method of inheritance. I am sure you are ... | ||
| Gel Electrophoresis Confusion? | 1/24/2010 | Adam Ross |
| Q: I am in science research and me and my partner are making a home-made gel electrophoresis chamber ... A: Brianna and Julie, First of all, I am not familiar with the Ward's system you are using. Could you ... | ||
| Autoclave | 1/18/2010 | Adam Ross |
| Q: Ross, I recently purchased a trinocular compound microscope for use at home for fun and to learn ... A: Rich- anything that gets to 120 C would work just fine. I would also recommend obtaining some 70% ... | ||
| primers | 12/13/2009 | Adam Ross |
| Q: what are random primers ANSWER: Not sure what you are asking. Please clarify and I will do my best ... A: Wikipedia has a very complete page on this. I read through it and it seems to be complete, rather ... | ||
| BIO reduction | 12/13/2009 | Adam Ross |
| Q: would it interfere somewhere (im referring to low joule so no heat or nerve disfunction. like the ... A: I assume that the charge accumulation would have an effect on transport systems that rely on charge ... | ||
| You | 12/5/2009 | Adam Ross |
| Q: You are a rude young man and I have rated you so. There was no reason for your attitude. I am ... A: Actually, you told me (not asked) that it was impossible for man to evolve from a single celled ... | ||
| You | 12/5/2009 | Adam Ross |
| Q: You are a rude young man and I have rated you so. There was no reason for your attitude. I am ... A: All I did was present accepted scientific research. If he has been proven wrong then why is his ... | ||
| Evolution | 12/5/2009 | Adam Ross |
| Q: How can this be explained and/or is it true: The minimal number of genes required to support cell ... A: What did you get your PhD in again? There is an endless body of independent research that supports ... | ||
| Evolution | 12/5/2009 | Adam Ross |
| Q: How can this be explained and/or is it true: The minimal number of genes required to support cell ... A: You may not be a religious zealot, but you have no understanding of the concept of evolution. It ... | ||
| Question... | 11/28/2009 | Adam Ross |
| Q: Hey if you could answer this question to the best of your ability I’d really appreciate it. It is ... A: George, To be perfectly honest, oxygen is actually toxic. Free oxygen radicals actually damage ... | ||
| molecules in human body | 11/12/2009 | Adam Ross |
| Q: A six year old asks: "How do the molecules in our body form together to form our bodies?" While I ... A: Mara, One of the hardest things to do in science is to put things in terms that are simple enough ... | ||
| Would like to do a Phd in molecular biolgy in America | 11/8/2009 | Adam Ross |
| Q: Im an Irish student currently finishing my final year in medical and molecular cytology. Next year i ... A: 1) Stanford, UCLA, John-Hopkins are all incredibly difficult to get into as they are some of the top ... | ||
| molecular biology | 11/1/2009 | Adam Ross |
| Q: what is the use of isopropyl alcohol and NaCl in salting out method of DNA extraction? thanks for ... A: Suvagata, There is a very nice wikipedia page on salting out and the use of NaCl. The salt take ... | ||
| protein | 10/27/2009 | Adam Ross |
| Q: 1. how do i define salting in and salting out in protein isolation? 2. why is glucokinase expressed ... A: 1. Proteins are extracted at varying salt concentrations. A nice wikipedia page on this. A positive ... | ||
| Molecular Biologist | 10/14/2009 | Adam Ross |
| Q: Hey, its my homework and I hope you don't mind answering my questions because we need to interview a ... A: Ena, I am a graduate student in Molecular and Cellular Physiology. We study cell processes, gene ... | ||
| genetics | 10/13/2009 | Adam Ross |
| Q: 1.why adenine always pair with thymine and guanine with cytosine? 2.what characters are needed for ... A: 1. A pairs with T and C with G because the enzymes that replicate DNA using the leading strand to ... | ||
| Osmosis | 10/11/2009 | Adam Ross |
| Q: I was wondering, if there is a solute that has both water and sugar, and you put e.g. some plant ... A: Well osmosis is the flow of water down a concentration gradient. Usually this occurs across a ... | ||
| 8 questions | 10/10/2009 | Adam Ross |
| Q: i have some questions 1. Transport protein that provides a tube like opening in the plasma membrane ... A: Not really sure of what you are asking, but here goes. First of all, you are using the term ... | ||
| life | 10/6/2009 | Adam Ross |
| Q: sir, why scientists cannot make a human being in lab, if they know that everything that a human ... A: Axes, The truth is, we dont know everything that makes up the human body. There are hundreds upon ... | ||
| pharmacokinetices | 10/6/2009 | Adam Ross |
| Q: can you please explain the main form of metabolism experienced in vivo by the members of one major ... A: Barbiturates are metabolized hepatically. Meaning they are broken down by the liver. If you're ... | ||
| macromolecule HELPPP PLEASSE | 4/19/2009 | ScienceAdviser |
| Q: what are the functions,class,examples and uses of: five different protiens, three differnt ... A: You are very welcome. Here is your answer (I am giving you some website with the complete ... | ||
| question | 4/19/2009 | ScienceAdviser |
| Q: what are the top 10 heaviest materials. thanks A: I was not quite sure what you mean by heaviest material. If you do not mind writing back to me and ... | ||
| Interested in Molecular Biology | 4/18/2009 | ScienceAdviser |
| Q: I have been recently looking into Molecular Biology as a possible career path. I don't know any ... A: Well, here are the answers to your questions in a short version. I start with the bad sides of it ... | ||
| microbiology | 4/8/2009 | ScienceAdviser |
| Q: how many bases are on a single strand of DNA? A: This is your answer. Please let me know if you have any more questions. The monomer units of DNA are ... | ||
| hello | 4/4/2009 | ScienceAdviser |
| Q: plz i would like to ask about 1-the osmoregulation how does it happen . 2- the protein domain , ... A: I am sorry that you were not happy with my answer. Is there any thing that I can help you with ... | ||
| Molecular biology | 3/31/2009 | ScienceAdviser |
| Q: The most simple and rapid molecular method using Universal PCR primers to Identify Bacillus ... A: These are few articles that I found that will explain it to you. I do not use them myself, but I ... | ||
| Can bacteria convert milk to "butter"? | 3/30/2009 | ScienceAdviser |
| Q: I've heard that bacteria can easily digest and metabolize carbohydrates and proteins but cannot ... A: this is not my area, but very interesting question. I searched then net, and found this article. Let ... | ||

©2012 About.com, a part of The New York Times Company. All rights reserved.