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About Vijilant
(Top Expert on this page)

Expertise
Most questions on number theory, divisibility, primes, Euclidean algorithm, Fermat`s theorem, Wilson`s theorem, factorisation, euclidean algorithm, diophantine equations, Chinese remainder theorem, group theory, congruences, continued fractions.

Experience
Teacher of math for 50 years

Organizations
ATL

Publications
Journal of mathematics and its applications

Education/Credentials
BSc Hons Liverpool

Awards and Honors
State Scholarship 1955

Past/Present Clients
I taught John Birt, former Director of the BBC in 1961. His homework book was the most perfect I have ever marked. And also the most neat. I could tell he was destined for great things. One of my classmates was the poet Roger McGough, and I have a mention in his autobiography.

   

You are here:  Experts > Science > Mathematics > Number Theory

SubjectDate AskedExpert

Number Theory - Mersenne Primes11/16/2009Vijilant
  Q: In a chapter titled Mersenne Primes, a question is asked not of the Mersenne prime format, and I am ...
  A: This question is really about the factor theorem. Do you remember it? A polynomial p(x) has the ...
ap calculus ab11/10/2009Vijilant
  Q: my problems (set 2): In Exercise 19 find dy/dx. 19. y=(x+1)(x+2)/(x-1)(x-2) 20. Use the definition ...
  A: I hope these aren't homework problems. It's OK if you have managed to do 1 to 18 yourself. 19. You ...
ap calculus ab11/8/2009Vijilant
  Q: my problems (set 1): 2. What is the limit of (4-x²)/(x²-1) as x approaches ∞? (A) 1, (B) 0, ...
  A: These aren't problems but routine examples. I suspect you haven't studied worked examples of the ...
ap calculus ab11/4/2009Vijilant
  Q: my problems (set 2): For Exercises 9 and 10 find the derivative of each expression and simplify. 9. ...
  A: You don't say what to differentiate with respect to, but I shall assume it is x. 9. (1/a)(2x/b - ...
urgent math11/3/2009Vijilant
  Q: Hey there I have a test tomorrow nigh for Calc and I just can't seem to get the answers for these ...
  A: You have left it late. Why didn't you query days ago. It is past midnight here in the UK and ...
trigonometry10/31/2009Vijilant
  Q: Sir, please solve these problems soon, If cos2B=cos(A+C)/cos(A-C) then show that tanA,tanB and ...
  A: This is not my expertise, but I will help you with some of them. cos(2B) = 2 cos^2(B) - 1 = ...
math10/27/2009Vijilant
  Q: i dont get how you figure out how far away a term is from another example: 1,2,6 ,120, ,5040
  A: Recognising a sequence is a matter of knowing the rules of basic sequences and trying to see if you ...
Number Theory10/26/2009Vijilant
  Q: if n>4 is a composite number, show that n|(n-1)! Conclude that (n-1)! is not congruent to -1(mod n).
  A: Unless n is a square, it can be factorised, and both of these factors are less than n, and can be ...
Number Theory10/26/2009Vijilant
  Q: I will use = to mean congruent. Using the fact that p-j = -j(mod p), show that if p is an odd ...
  A: Sometimes substituting in an answer you are asked to prove helps, so you were right to try that. ...
Number theory10/21/2009Vijilant
  Q: Sir, 1) How many pairs of non-negative integers (m,n) each sum to 1492 without any carries? 2) If ...
  A: 1) Call the two numbers A and B. They are not equal since that would involve carrying. Number A has ...
Circles10/21/2009Vijilant
  Q: I need ur help though my question is not from number theory but geometry I1, I2........ I2005 are ...
  A: You certainly ask some varied questions! The only geometry needed here is 'arc = rǾ.' So Ik has ...
urgent math10/21/2009Vijilant
  Q: I REALLY need to know how to go about finding the inverse of a transcendental function. I have no ...
  A: Don't worry over this. You aren't going to be asked to do something impossible. Trust me. Inverse ...
Math10/19/2009Vijilant
  Q: I just don't know where to start on these questions just some advanced questions that I didn't have ...
  A: The given information says |x-2| < δ, so multiply by 2 to get |2x-4| < 2δ. then δ = ...
math10/19/2009Scott A Wilson
  Q: I just don't know where to start on these questions just some advanced questions that I didn't have ...
  A: 1) If |x-2|<δ, then |2x-4|<ε, ε = 0.01. Looking at |x-2| and |2x-4|, it can be seen ...
Number Theory10/19/2009Vijilant
  Q: find for what values of n "phi(n) is odd". Thanks for your help ANSWER: Hello Skrosuri The only ...
  A: 1. It is easily proved that the φ(n) integers less than n and prime to it form a ...
Compex Numbers10/18/2009Vijilant
  Q: Can Sinus and Cosine work on complex numbers?(For instance can we have Cos(i)?) Many Thanks ...
  A: This is not really my expertise, but I'll answer it. Of course it is necessary to redefine sin and ...
Number Theory10/16/2009Vijilant
  Q: Prove that when n is odd and a is an integer that a^n = a(mod3), where '=' means congruent. My ...
  A: This is another that can be done using FLT. Let n = 2k + 1. Then a^2 = 1 (mod 3) if a is not a ...
Number Theory10/16/2009Vijilant
  Q: Show that for any integer, a, a^561 = a(mod 561), with '=' meaning congruent. My thoughts: Since ...
  A: A composite number n such as 561 with a^n = a (mod n) for all a is called a Carmichael number, and ...
mobius inversion10/15/2009Scott A Wilson
  Q: let f be an arithmetic function and let g(n) = Summation (over d|n) of mew(d)f(n|d) show that f(n) ...
  A: g(n) = summation (over d|n) (mew(d)f(n|d)); show f(n) summartion(over d|n) of g(d) questions: what ...
mobius inversion10/15/2009Vijilant
  Q: let f be an arithmetic function and let g(n) = ∑ (over d|n) of μ(d)f(n/d) show that f(n) ...
  A: This is a standard theorem in the theory of arithmetic functions and the proof will be found in most ...
math -sequencing-arithmetic/geometric10/14/2009Vijilant
  Q: what is the missing term in the following sequence ___,1_____,______,125,______,... ...
  A: With the usual notation for an AP, a + d = 1 and a + 4d = 125 Subtracting gives 3d = 124 and d = 41 ...
Riemann Hypothesis and Prime Numbers10/11/2009Vijilant
  Q: Can you simplify and explain the Riemann Hypothesis up to a middle-school math level?
  A: The answer is a very firm NO. I have the book Prime Obsession by John Derbyshire, which I think is ...
Number Theory10/11/2009Vijilant
  Q: find for what values of n "phi(n) is odd". Thanks for your help ANSWER: Hello Skrosuri The only ...
  A: 1) This is just another way of stating the Chinese Remainder theorem. suppose (mi,mj) = h. Then mi ...
Number Theory10/10/2009Vijilant
  Q: find for what values of n "phi(n) is odd". Thanks for your help
  A: The only values of n for which phi(n) = 1 are 1 and 2. Suppose in the prime factorisation of n, a ...
theory used to estimate pumkin seeds10/8/2009Scott A Wilson
  Q: A few years a go I was in a workshop for teaching math. In that workshop the instructor referred to ...
  A: No, I don't know what the thing to look at would be. Maybe you could use how far the rabbit runs in ...
Circles10/8/2009Vijilant
  Q: Given two concentric circle of radii r,R From a point P on the smaller circle, a straight line is ...
  A: This certainly isn't number theory, so I should reject it, but I'm pretty good at geometry, so I'll ...
One more question, advanced calculus10/7/2009Scott A Wilson
  Q: suppose that xn --> a, prove that the lim (1/xn)=(1/a). provided that xn is not equal to zero and a ...
  A: For xn->a, for n=k large enough, this means that for n>=k, all |xn - a| < ε for any ε ...
proof, advanced calculus10/7/2009Scott A Wilson
  Q: I'm not quite sure if this is your area of study, but I thought that I would give it a shot. Prove ...
  A: It almost looked like |xn| was the absolute value of |xn|, but this can easily be disproved. What ...
number theory10/4/2009Scott A Wilson
  Q: What will be the 28383rd term of the series 1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9,1,0,1,1,1,2,1,3,1,4,….. ? thank u! ...
  A: So, you mean to keep counting. I was wondering why it started out with a 1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9, but now ...
numerical sequences10/3/2009Scott A Wilson
  Q: Is there an algorithm or formula that can be used to solve most of the commonest numerical ...
  A: Take n(i) to be the ith term. The formula is then n(i) = 5*n(i-1) + 3. If we're looking for a ...
number theory10/3/2009Scott A Wilson
  Q: What will be the 28383rd term of the series 1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9,1,0,1,1,1,2,1,3,1,4,….. ? thank u!
  A: Well, I ignored the first 9 digits, since I'm not sure what to do with them. If you look at ...
number theory10/2/2009Vijilant
  Q: Q 1: A= (1999)^1999 B = sum of digits of A C = sum of digits of B D = sum of digits of C Find sum ...
  A: Q1 1999 = 1 (mod 9) So 1999^1999 = 1 mod 9. log(A) = 19998log(1999) = 6598.3.... This means A has ...
Abstract Algebra9/30/2009Scott A Wilson
  Q: suppose G is a group and g ∈ G. Prove that if the order of g is 5, then the centralizers of g ...
  A: If G is only of order 5, that means it contains 0, 1, 2, 3, and 4. 0³ = 0, 1³ = 1, 2³=8, which ...
three digit number combinations9/28/2009Scott A Wilson
  Q: How do I find out how many three digit numbers have digits whose sum is = to a specific number x? ...
  A: If you are looking for a way to count number, there are 999 numbers - 99 below that are not ...
math9/26/2009Vijilant
  Q: This is question from absolute value properties Question |a|>= and |a|>=-a Proof: if a>=0 then ...
  A: I just think you need to look at a few examples, or look at a number line. a = 3. |a| = 3. -a = ...
math9/26/2009Scott A Wilson
  Q: This is question from absolute value properties Question |a|>= and |a|>=-a Proof: if a>=0 then ...
  A: Is the first line '|a|>= and |a|>=-a,' suppose to say, '|a|>=0 then |a|>=-a'? The second line is ...
division9/26/2009Vijilant
  Q: If we divide a number, is the answer always smaller?
  A: I presume we are talking about positive numbers here. Dividing a number by a number greater than 1 ...
SI units9/26/2009Scott A Wilson
  Q: express 90micrograms in centigrams????
  A: From en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Microgram , I got In the metric system, a microgram (μg or ...
three digit number combinations9/25/2009Scott A Wilson
  Q: How do I find out how many three digit numbers have digits whose sum is = to a specific number x?
  A: Think of one digit. The sum of one digit is where S is sum and T is times. S T 0: 1 2: 1 3: 1 4: 1 ...
ap calculus preparation9/24/2009Scott A Wilson
  Q: 9. For question 9, find the standard equation of the circle satisfying the given conditions. A ...
  A: 9. The center is at ((2+0)/2, (0+2)/2) = (1, 1) and the radius is √2. This means the equation ...

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