AboutBehzad Expertise I can answer questions about the usage and meaning of Persian words, proverbs, and idioms asked in Farsi or English. Considering that Arabic words and expressions are extensively used in Farsi, my acquaintance with Arabic will simplify analysis of this type of words which may lead to revelation of implicit meanings and clarification of how derivatives are formed. Controversial grammatical issues are beyond my knowledge. In addition, I cannot corroborate my answer to a question about newly coined slang words.
Experience Farsi is my mother tongue; however, my knowledge is remarkably more than a mere native speaker.
Please, how would you use the words “pashi:ma:n” and “pari:sha:n” in colloquial sentences? What exactly do they mean and is it possible to analyse them further, i.e. do the individual elements pashi: + ma:n and pari: + sha:n have meaning?
All the best,
Simon
Answer Dear Simon,
1. Pashi:ma:n (پشیمان):
- Pashi:ma:n means regretful or remorseful:
Az i:nke o:ra: tanbi:h kardam besi:ia:r pashi:ma:nam. از اینکه اورا تنبیه کردم بسیار پشیمانم.
Colloquial version: az i:nke o:no tanbi:h kardam kheili: pashi:mo:nam از اینکه اونو تنبیه کردم خیلی پشیمونم.
Translation: I am very contrite for having punished him.
- It is also used to show someone have changed or would change his mind:
Pas az khari:dane kha:ne pashi:ma:n shod. پس از خریدن خانه پشیمان شد.
Colloquial version: Bad az khari:dane kho:ne pashi:mo:n shod. بعد از خریدن خونه پشیمون شد.
Translation: After buying the house, she changed her mind.
It is stated in Dehkhoda: dictionary that pashi:ma:n have been pasha:ma:n (پشامان) in Pahlavi (middle Persian). It is also stated there that this word may have been made up of pas (پس), in which si:n have changed to shi:n, and ma:n (مان), meaning temperament, disposition, or nature.
2. Pari:sha:n (پریشان)
- When pari:sha:n is to describe something, it means disorganized:
Vaze kheshvar besi:ia:r pari:sha:n bo:d. وضع کشور بسیار پریشان بود.
Colloquial version: vaze keshvar kheili: pari:sho:n bo:d. وضع کشور خیلی پریشون بود.
Translation: The country’s condition was chaotic.
- When pari:sha:n describes someone, it means anguished, disturbed, or agitated:
I:n ro:zha: kheili: pari:sha:n be nazar mi:resad. این روزها خیلی پریشان به نظر میرسد.
Colloquial version: I:n ro:za: kheili: pari:sho:n be nazar mi:rese. این روزا خیلی پریشون به نظر میرسه.
Translation: He appears distressed these days.
I do not know whether pari:sha:n can be reduced to individual elements or not.
Best regards,
Behzad
P.S. I have quoted the formal version of examples from “Manoochehr Aryanpur Kashani, The Aryanpur Progressive Persian- English Dictionary, first edition.”
